Answer these questions and then read the passage.

Do you tip in your country?

In what kinds of places do you give tips?

How much do you usually tip?

Canadians and Americans usually tip in places like restaurants, airports, hotels, and hair salons because people who work in these places get low salaries. A tip shows that the customer is pleased with the service.

At airports, porters usually get a dollar for each bag. Hotel bellhops usually get a dollar for carrying one or two suitcases. A hotel door attendant or parking valet also gets about a dollar for getting a taxi or for parking a car. Many people also tip hotel maids, especially when they stay in a hotel for several days. They usually leave a dollar a day.

The usual tip for other kinds of service - for example, for taxi drivers, barbers, hairdressers, waiters, and waitresses - is between 15 and 20 percent of the check. The size of the tip depends on how pleased the customer is. In most restaurants, the bill does not include a service charge, however, if the group is large, there may be a service charge. There is no tipping in cafeterias or fast food restaurants

How much should you tip someone who:

takes your bag at an airport?

parks your car at a hotel or restaurant?

serves you in a fast food restaurant?

3 What tip should you leave for the following:

a $27 haircut?

a $50 restaurant check?

a $14 taxi fare?

Text 5

She Worked Awfully Hard

Helen Marie Bramer Emanuel's life of hard work has bridged two centuries. Not many women living today can boast of such an achievement. Longevity is just one of Helen Emanuel's accomplishments. Her others include marriage, motherhood, restaurant owner, and doughnut maker par excellence.

Born in 1890 in Kirkum Valley, Wisconsin, to immigrant parents, Helen Bramer soon learned the meaning of hard work. As the second oldest child of eight and the oldest daughter, she began her "career" of cooking and baking at age seven. "I started to bake bread when I was seven years old. Sometimes I would go to the neighbors and make the bread. I always liked to cook. And so I always made doughnuts for the neighbor children," she recalls. When asked about her parents, she responds, "Oh, they worked awfully hard, awfully hard. We were poor, and the girls each had one dress for school. Our mother would wash out our dresses each evening so they would be clean the next day." That pattern of hard work provided a lasting model for Helen Bramer.

After marrying Herman Emanuel on June 1,1910, she moved to Fairchild, Wisconsin. There she bore two children, Charles and Harriet. In 1927 she opened a small restaurant known as Emanuel's Cafe. "I started with just sandwiches and soup and ice cream. Then we started to make meals. One time I had some men come in, but I had to ask them to come back because I had this group of teachers coming for lunch hour and there wouldn't be enough room." She then purchased a larger building, a former blacksmith's shop, and converted it into a larger restaurant. "We had doughnuts, too. Doughnuts and doughnuts and doughnuts. I would get up at 4:00 a.m. to make doughnuts so we would have them in the morning." Helen, who was widowed in 1933, continued in the restaurant business for twenty-five years. She then returned home to Augusta to care for her aging parents.

Throughout her life of hard work Helen Emanuel overcame numerous adversities: a childhood accident which left her without fingers on her right hand; a serious blood infection in her arm which almost cost her her arm and her life; and the serious illness of her son. Yet throughout her life she continued to strive and work hard.

The personal literature of a woman who has worked hard in these various capacities is not the usual collection of personal papers. Helen Emanuel's personal literature takes the form of her first restaurant menu personal articles of faith such as her confirmation certificate, numerous letters which she has composed ove r the years and still continues to write, frequent newspaper clippings about her life in the Augusta Area Nursing Home, and the recipe for her now famous doughnuts.

She's still cooking! Every Monday she makes doughnuts for the 62 residents and 20 staff members at the nursing home. In a letter she wrote recently she describes her current "work" in this manner:

We've had a busy few weeks. Had a Joint Council Meeting at Chippewa Falls. People from all nursing homes. And what a crowd. After a potluck dinner, dances. Then they called for the oldest man and it was Vern Palms from our home. He is 98. Then the oldest Lady. It was me at 96 ..... Then a few weeks later had a pie and ice cream social. Then had open house so I made three batches of doughnuts. Then later had National Nursing Home Week. Since the first of July made decorations for our float for the Parade for Bean and Bacon Days. Five of us rode in the parade. We got third place. The parade was an hour and a half long and it ended at the nursing home. Yesterday was an outing and picnic at Merrilan Park. There was so much food . . .

Helen Marie Bramer Emanuel learned to work hard when she was young. She worked hard throughout her life. Now the momentum she has built up over the years continues to provide her with the energy to work very hard at whatever activity she undertakes, even at age 97!

Write T (true or F (false). For the statements you mark false, give the correct information.

a) Helen Emanuel’s only accomplishment is longevity.

b) She learnt the meaning of hard work only when she grew up.

c) Her parents worked hard and set a good example to follow.

d) She opened a large restaurant known as Emmanuel’s café.

e) There was enough room for many people to have meals at the same time.

f) Helen Bramer Emanuel converted a former blacksmith’s shop into a larger restaurant.

g) Helen had to get up at five o’clock every morning to make doughnuts.

h) Her life was cloudless as she had never fallen ill and her children were also extremely healthy. That gave her an opportunity to achieve such a respectable age.

i) Among Helen Emanuel’s articles is her recipe for he famous doughnuts. This woman has a brilliant career as a writer.

j) She stopped cooking as she grew too old for it.

IV. At Leisure

Jokes