Reflexive and emphatic pronouns

Reflexive and emphatic pronouns have the categories of person, number and gender in the third person singular.

	Singular	Plural
1st person	myself	ourselves
2nd person	yourself	Yourselves
3rd person	himself herself itself	Themselves

Reflexive pronouns correspond to the Russian reflexive verb with the suffix –ся:

They enjoyed themselves at the party. – Они повеселились на вечеринке.

In modern English reflexive pronouns are not generally used with the verbs to wash, to dress, to bathe, to shave, to hide, to behave:

Do you like to bathe in the sea?

But the pronouns are used in the imperative sentences:

Wash yourself, you’re so dirty!

Emphatic pronouns correspond to the Russian pronoun сам, сама, сами:

He himself disliked the idea. – Ему самому не нравилась эта идея.

Emphatic pronouns are placed after the subject or at the end of the sentence if they modify the subject, and if they modify an object they’re placed after it:

I’ll do it myself.

They themselves went there.

They know much about his books but don’t know him himself.

The Russian pronoun «себя» doesn’t always have a corresponding pronoun in English, because of the difference in grammatical constructions and the meanings of the verbs:

Она чувствует себя плохо. – She feels bad. (‘feels bad’ is a compound nominal predicate where ‘feel’ is a link verb that cannot have an object).

Она ведёт себя как ребёнок. – She behaves like a child. (the meaning of the verb ‘to behave’ does not require reflexive pronouns).

Reciprocal pronouns

Reciprocal pronouns are each other and one another. The pronoun each other generally implies two persons, one another refers to more than two persons. They have two cases: the common case and the possessive case:

Now they hate each other. They often quarrelled with one another. They looked into each other’s face.

Demonstrative pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns are this, that, such, (the) same. The pronouns this and that have two numbers: this – these, that – those.

This is used to point at what is nearer in time or space; that points at what is father away in time and space. Both of them can point to things, persons, or situations:

This was my old dear car again.

Do you remember that?

The pronoun such points to a certain quality in things, persons, or situations:

I like such little towns as this.

He could not love her. Such was everyone’s verdict.

The pronoun same is always used with the definite article:

That day was the same as before.

Interrogative pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are used to form special questions. They are: who, whose, what, which.

The pronoun who has the category of case: the nominative case is who, the objective case is whom. Who refers to people:

Who is going to come today?

What refers to things but it may be applied to persons when one asks about their occupation:

What did you say?

What is she? – She is a painter.

Which corresponds to the Russian «который из», it сап refer to persons or things:

Which of these men is your husband?

Relative pronouns

Relative pronouns (who, whose, which, that,) introduce attributive clauses.

Who is used to refer to human beings and animals:

That is the man who has saved your child.

Whose is mainly used to refer to people and animals but it may be applied to things:

Then the man whose face I still could not see began to sing.

The village whose roofs were seen in the distance was N.

Which is used to refer to both things and animals:

I took the letter which was on the window sill.

That is mainly used in reference to animals and things but it may be used to refer to people:

On one side was a low wall that separated it from the street.

The girl that we met yesterday is my sister.

Conjunctive pronouns

Conjunctive pronouns (who, what, which, whose) introduce subject clauses, object clauses and predicative clauses:

Who did this will be sorry about it. (subject clause)

I know who did it. (object clause)

That’s exactly what you’ve got. (predicative clause)

Defining pronouns

Defining pronouns are: all, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything, either, both, other, another.

All is a generalising pronoun, it takes a group of things or persons as a whole:

All were present. All night long she sat by the window. I haven’t read all the book.

Both points out two persons, things, notions mentioned before:

You can study French or you can study German or cut them both out and study Spanish.

Each, every, everybody, everyone, everything refer to all the members of the group of persons, things or notions mentioned before. When used as subjects, each, everybody, everyone, everything take a verb in the singular:

She looked in every corner, but couldn’t find anything.

Each of them keeps silent.

He went into the dining-room, there was everybody.

The pronouns everybody and everyone have two cases: the common case and the possessive case:

Everyone’s success depended on him.

Either has two meanings: a) each of the two; b) one or the other:

Either of these will do. – Любой из них подойдёт.

The pronoun other has two numbers: singular – other; plural– others. It has two cases: the common case and the possessive case (other’s, others’).

Other has the meaning «другой из двух предметов или лиц» in this case it is always used with the definite article:

Then he gave me his other hand.

Another has two meanings: a) a different one; b) an additional one:

I don’t like this dress, show me another. She asked me a question, then another.

Indefinite pronouns

Indefinite pronouns are: some, any, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, something, anything, one.

The pronouns somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, one have two cases: the common case and the possessive case.

Some is mainly used in the affirmative sentences while any is used in negative and interrogative sentences and conditional clauses.

Some used with plural count nouns has the meaning of «несколько, некоторые»:

I have a lot of flowers in my garden, some flowers are sweet-scented.

Some used with singular count nouns is translated into Russian as «какой-то, какой-нибудь»:

Tell me some interesting story.

Some used with non-count nouns has the meaning of «немного, некоторое количество»:

There is some milk in the bottle.

Some is used in special and general questions expressing request or proposal:

Do you want some water? Would you like to see some of my pictures?

Some is used in interrogative sentences if an affirmative answer is expected:

Are you waiting for some friend? – Yes.

Any used with plural count nouns is translated as «какие-то, какие-нибудь»:

Are there any children in the park?

Any used with non-count nouns has the meaning of «сколько-нибудь»:

Is there any water in the kettle?

Any can be used in the affirmative sentences. In this case it has the meaning of любой»:

I can read any English book in the original.

The pronoun one indicates people in general:

One never knows what may happen. – Никогда не знаешь, что может случиться.

Negative pronouns

Negative pronouns are: no, none, nothing, nobody, no one, neither.

Unlike Russian, in sentences with negative pronouns no other negative words can be used:

I told him nothing. – Я ему ничего не сказал.

Only two negative pronouns have the category of case: nobody – nobody’s, no one – no one’s.

No and none refer to all nouns denoting both persons and things, nothing refers to things, nobody, no one refer to persons only.

The pronoun neither refers to two persons or things, when it’s used as subject, the predicate verb is in the singular:

Neither was present.

None refers to many people and agrees with the predicate verb in the plural:

None were present at the meeting.

The pronoun no is used only before nouns:

No trees could be seen.

The pronouns nobody, no one, nothing require a verb in the singular:

Nothing is important here. Nobody was looking at her.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Use the appropriate personal pronouns:

1. ... say there’s been a great earthquake in the Pacific. 2. If ... see a giraffe once a year ... remains a spectacle; if ... see ... daily ... becomes part of the scenery. 3. «Mary’s married now», said Mrs Scott. «... was in the ‘Times’». 4. The «Friedrich Weber» was a freighter (грузовое судно) sailing from Hamburg to Colombo. ... also carried passengers. 5. There was a lot of noise all around now, and amongst could hear a plane flying unusually low. 6. Pat soon made ... clear that ... did not want to stay there long. 7. I got my hat and beat ... . 8. He is dreadfully ugly. ... must not start when ... see ... , or ... will put ... off. ... doesn’t like ... to feel sorry for ... . 9. We were climbing a steep hill and the car throbbed as if ... were going to expire. 10. … was cold to sit on the terrace, pretending that ... was really a summer evening. 11. «Our aim is to keep Italy out of the war until ... is strong enough to come in on our side», said the colonel. 12. Poor old England! I don’t suppose I shall ever see ... again.

Exercise 2. Use the appropriate form of the possessive pronoun.

1. She put out ... hand and took out ... (her, hers; my, mine). (Hemingway) 2. «Let me see your passports», I gave him … and Catherine got ... out of ... handbag (my, mine; her, hers; her, hers). (Hemingway) 3. Mind ... own business and I’ll mind ... (your, yours; my, mine). (Lindsay) 4. Ditcher put his hand gently on … to calm her (her, hers). (Shaw)5. The next voice to speak up was not the Lieutenant’s but ... (my, mine). (Salinger) 6. That, at least, is my opinion of him; and I see it is not very far removed from ... (your, yours). (Dickens) 7. ... was not a marriage that could last (their, theirs). (Bellow) 8. ... nerves are as bad as ... (your, yours; my, mine). (Greene) 9. His eyes were as bright as ... (her, hers). (Snow) 10. After all, this is ... home just as much as ... (your, yours; my, mine). (Maugham) 11. «Go with Lucy», said Mrs Bretton. «I would rather keep ... seat». Willingly would I have kept ... also, but Graham’s desire must take precedence of my own; I accompanied him (my, mine; my, mine). (Ch. Bronte) 12. His own hand shook as he accepted a rose or two from … and thanked her (her, hers). (Dickens)

Exercise 3. Choose between a possessive pronoun and the definite article.

1. She got to ... feet and began to brush off ... dress. 2. Mr Black gave ... wife a leather bag for ... birthday. 3. Don’t show this letter to ... brother. 4. There was a cold wind blowing, so I put on ... heavy coat. 5. He took me by ... hand and led out of the room. 6. His father touched him on ... arm. 7. He took the child into ... arms. 8. What have you done to ... face? 9. He patted Jack heartily on ... shoulder. 10. He bent ... head low. 11. She slapped him on ... cheek. 12. It’s going to rain. I’d better take ... raincoat. 13. She put ... glass back on the table. 14. He crossed ... legs. 15. He was wounded in ... leg. 16. He buttoned up ... coat. 17. He caught me by ... sleeve.

Exercise 4. Use the appropriate form of possessive pronouns.

1.The man next door has been busy cutting the grass in (he) garden. 2. He put (he) hand in (she). 3. «This foolish wife of (he) thinks I’m a great artist», said he. 4. Very well, Mother, I’ll have (I) hair cut this afternoon. 5. Then he stopped and pointed and said: «Those are peas». I said, «We’ve got some peas, too». «I expect (you) are bigger than (our)», he said politely. 6. Edwin said, «Dear Mary, we all felt with you. (you) distress was (we)». 7.We can do (we) shopping before lunch. 8. There’s a ghastly article of (he) about it in this evening’s paper. 9. She folded the letter and replaced it in (it) envelope. 10. The children had had (they) tea. Kate was late for (she) as usual, Mary and Paul were having (they). 11.This demand of (they) is quite ridiculous. 12. She makes all (she) clothes herself. 13. This book is (I). There is (I) name on it.

Exercise 5. Point out the reflexive pronouns and define their function.

1. Much more than most politicians Gave knew himself. (Snow) 2. Meanwhile, he paraded himself gloriously before this young man. (Priestley) 3. Of course, I myself used to be very wealthy. (Clark) 4. He was not doubting the logic, he realized suddenly; what he was doubting was himself. (Jones) 5. Still, he must be thankful that she had been too young to do anything in that war itself. (Galsworthy) 6. Simon calmed himself with an effort. (Sheckley) 7. But you might remember that one respects oneself more afterwards – if one pays one’s way. (Galsworthy) 8. Miss Adele Gerry opened the door herself. (Shaw) 9. He sunned himself in Chanton’s admiring gaze. (Priestley) 10. What was the use even of loving, if love itself had to yield to death? (Galsworthy) 11. This is where we wash ourselves, Eliza, and where I am going to wash you. (Shaw) 12. Gevaert cleared his throat and addressed himself to me. (Clark) 13. They blamed themselves for this unlucky marriage. (Hardy) 14. The theatre manager himself came to shake hands with them. (Priestley) 15. I have made myself perfectly pleasant here. (Shaw) 16. Several times he reminded himself that he had not rung up Shuckleworth yet. (Priestley) 17. He could talk races with Hurstwood, tell interesting incidents concerning himself. (Dreiser) 18. I want to be kept in constant touch with his progress myself. (Clark) 19. Anne’s terror of being discovered in London or its neighbourhood, whenever they ventured to walk out, had gradually communicated itself to Mrs. Clements. (Collins) 20. Soames added: «Well, I hope, you’ll both enjoy yourselves». (Galsworthy) 21. Cave might have concealed from others, but not from himself, that he profoundly envied Roger. (Snow)

Exercise 6. Supply some or any.

1. She had ... children of her own family in her house, and ... children of other people. (Dickens) 2. I don’t want ... money. (Hemingway) 3. He sat there, like ... unhappy little animal. (Galsworthy) 4. A few had gone beyond the gate. ... were shouting hoarsely, and waving. (Heym) 5. «Do you want ... water?» - «No, I don’t want ... water». (Maltz) 6. The wounded were coming into the post, ... were carried on stretchers, ... were walking and ... were brought on the backs of men that came across the field. (Hemingway) 7. In the town there were … new hospitals. (Hemingway) 8. Well, if you want to know, I have no money and never had ... . (Shaw) 9. «Couldn’t you find tomato sauce, Barto?» – «There wasn’t ...», Aymo said. (Hemingway) 10. Don’t let us have ... nonsense about this job. (Shaw)

Exercise 7. Supply somebody or anybody, someone or anyone.

1. You are ... now, and don’t let ... forget it. (Priestley) 2. How can ... who has travelled so much be so appallingly juvenile, he wondered? (Murdoch) 3. In a town of a sensible size you had a good chance of meeting ... you were looking for. (Priestley) 4. He was wearing a dinner-jacket, unlike ... at the supper-party. (Snow) 5. «You’ve no business to say such a thing!» she exclaimed. «Why not? ... can see it». (Galsworthy) 6. There was a light tap on the door. And ... came in. (Priestley) 7.Once upon a time Clennam had sat at that table taking no heed of ... but Flora. (Dickens) 8. Here was ... to remember, to think about. (Priestley) 9. «Look here», I said to Hunter at last, «have you shown that picture to ... ?» (Murdoch) 10. There is ... nice, anyway, who likes being out instead of in that stuffy drawing-room, playing bridge and talking, talking. (Galsworthy)

Exercise 8. Supply something or anything.

1. The word Germans was ... to be frightened at. We did not want to have ... to do with the Germans. (Hemingway) 2. But I can’t do ... for him. (Galsworthy) 3. He was a rather small man, but there was ... naturally commanding about him. (Priestley) 4. Everyone said he could turn ... into money. (Saroyan) 5. I do not know what I expected to see, but I did not see ... except the fields and the bare mulberry trees and the rain falling. (Hemingway) 6. ... is wrong somewhere. (Hemingway) 7. She looked at me with violence, with ... like hate. (Snow) 8. The room was far more splendid than ... Little Dorrit had ever imagined, and would have been splendid and costly in someone’s eyes. (Dickens) 9. I can bear ... but that. (Galsworthy) 10. When he read those books ... happened to him. (Galsworthy) 11. It was ... he didn’t want to remember. (Cusack) 12. Even when she talks nonsense in that slightly affected way she seems to be saying … valuable. (Aldington)

Exercise 9. Supply self-pronouns where possible.

1. We enjoyed ... at the dance. 2. She had made ... very unpopular. 3. Why is she sitting all by ... in the dark? 4. Jessica looked at ... in the long mirror. 5. I liked having lodgings of my own, where I could be by … . 6. I closed the door behind ... .7. Every man is important to ... at one time or another. 8. All day the children were beside ... from excitement. 9. The young leaves unfolded to their utmost and the fields generously spread ... on either hand. 10. He was amiability ... . 11. I found ... doing nearly all the talking. 12. I ... married early, and nothing good came of it.

Exercise 10. Use one of the demonstrative pronouns.

1. ... is a cooking apple, ... an eating one. 2. She gave the ... answer as before. 3. My services, ... as they are, are at your disposal. 4. What do you want me to do with ... ? 5. His mental level at the time of his death was ... of a four-year-old child. 6. He dined there only on Sundays, and not every Sunday at ... . 7. Do you see ... bushes on the other side of the river? 8. Well, ...’s exactly what I did. 9. Don’t be in ... a hurry. 10. He continued to frequent the ... cafe as when he had stayed at the hotel. 11. I believe you but there are ... who wouldn’t. 12. … is what I thought last year. 13.... is life. 14. I can’t find all the books you asked me for. I put ... I found on your desk. 15. … is what I want you to do. 16. I have divided the books into two piles. ... are to be kept. ... are to be sold. 17. I have had ... a busy morning. 18. My seat was next to ... of John’s mother. 19. He can’t be more than three or four years older than you, if ... . 20. «One can’t compare Chopin’s waltzes with ... of today», she said.

Exercise 11. Supply some, any or no.

1. If you have ... news, call me back. 2. She helped me borrow ... more money. 3. There is hardly ... place in this house where we can talk alone. 4. ... boy at the school had ever taken a scholarship to the university. 5. It meant real hardship to my mother unless I earned ... money at once. 6. My mother hoped that perhaps the school had ... funds to give me a grant. 7. It was unlikely that ... of the guests would take particular notice of it. 8. They understood each other without ... words. 9. «Let’s go back home. It’s already late». – «I’d rather stay out a little longer». – «I suppose we’ve got to go home ... time». 10. There isn’t ... boot-polish in this tin. 11. You have ... fine flowers in your garden. 12. Go and ask him for ... more paper. I haven’t ... in my desk. 13. Later we had ... tea. 14. He wants ... more pudding. You can take it away. 15. There are ... matches left. We must buy ... . 16. I wouldn’t go to his concert. He is ... pianist. 17. ... time ago I read his story in a magazine. 18. I don’t think there is ... milk left in the jug. 19. … student can answer the question.

Exercise 12. Supply one of the compounds with some-, any- or no-.

l. At the party you’ll see ... you haven’t met yet. 2. Will there be ... at the club so early? 3. I’m not going to see him because I have ... important to report. 4. I was late. I found ... in the house. 5. I am expecting ... at twelve o’clock. 6. I think there’s ... wrong with my watch. 7. Is there ... at home? 8. The doorbell rang but there was ... there. 9. I know ... at all. 10. Otherwise there was hardly ... to occupy him. 11. «Why don’t they do ... about Annie?» 12. Mr Scot cried out … hearing that his friend had got promoted. 13. … can become a member of the club by paying a subscription. 14. When we get there it may be too late to do ... . 15. ... has been here before us. 16. «Why don’t you say ... ?» he demanded. 17. In the winter he lived without doing ... . 18. He wondered if he would ever again share ...’s emotion. 19. This is my affair and ... else’s. 20. Sometimes he would sit silent and abstracted, taking no notice of ... . 21. … is better than ... in a situation like this. 22. Can’t you do ... by yourself now? 23. I took care to ask him ... about his own doings. 24. Will you bring ... with you or will you come alone? 25. … has any right to interfere in this matter. 26. If... delays you, you must let me know. 27. It was clear that ... had happened. 28. … at the airport could tell me ... about the Trianon hotel. 29. It’s a cave. I’d like to find out if there’s ... left inside. 30. He looked at my pictures and he didn’t say ... . 31. Her parents are ... much, you know. I’m afraid you will be disappointed. 32. But in any case, what can ... do? 33. ... had heard a rumour that he led a «wild» life.

Exercise 13. Use the pronoun one in the proper form and, if necessary, with the required article.

1. ... man’s meat is another man’s poison. 2. His parents never appeared in the parish church except on special occasions. 3. Mr Evans’ funeral was such ... . 4. They are six in the family. ... you saw are David and Tommy. 5. Brown’s old car is much better than our new ... . 6. There are woolen gloves and leather ... in the crate. 7. It is the most natural thing to start talking to someone who knows nothing whatever about ... and who is never likely to cross ... way again. 8. He was rather pale, and the expression on his face was ... I had never seen before. 9. «Which girl is Jean?» – « ... in the green dress». 10. «What has happened to all the brushes?» – «I saw ... on the table in the hall». 11. Such ... as you want is very rarely seen.

Exercise 14. Choose between no one and none.

1. ... tried to teach her anything. 2. ... of us is perfect; we all make mistakes. 3. ... of us knew how ill she was. 4. I’m sure you heard it from Mary, ... else could tell you that. 5. ... had anything to gain by his death. 6. I wanted some more coffee but there was ... left. 7. ... of them knows his duty yet. 8. We had ... to give us accurate information, let alone advice. 9. Philip slowly mounted the stairs. ... of his family was yet up. 10. I looked around the room, expecting to see piles of books; ... were visible. 11. … of us knows how much he has suffered. 12. Since ... had an answer to his question, silence fell in the room. 13. He asked for food but his mother said there was ... .14. … of the new men have been able to pass the test. 15. Of all the girls he phoned ... were at home. 16. During that time he saw ... who could tell him what had gone wrong. 17. ... of us were sure of the facts. 18. «Where are the apples?» – «There are ... .» 19. A hundred yards or so from the cottage stood a brick house that looked unfinished. ... in the party gave it a second thought.

Exercise 15. Choose between all and a compound with every-.

1. I shall want to hear ... they say. 2. She took the initiative and herself spoke to ... she knew. 3. He couldn’t help noticing how well dressed ... was. 4. I want ... to be happy. 5. Then, to ...’s surprise, she married someone quite undistinguished. ... who have studied this issue have come to the same conclusion. 6. She believed that ... was watching her. 8. ... of his friends had offered him his help. 9. Soon ... were asleep. 10. The lady laughed immoderately at ... that was said to her. 11. … has been taken away that could be removed. 12. ... felt indignant when he began hitting the boy with his stick.

Exercise 16. Choose between all, every and each.

1. I have ... book he has ever written. 2. He shouted her name twice, ... time banging his fist on the table. 3. He had been brought up by a mother who had taught him that ... pleasure must be paid for. 4. They did not talk much about what ... feared most. 5. ... trunks must be labeled before being deposited in the left-luggage office. 6. He has ... right to know who you are going to marry. 7. That’s the sort of job ... boys like doing. 8. They broke into little groups; ... had his own wonderful story to tell. 9. ... the people were cheering loudly. 10. Before he left the classroom he gave ... boy a task. 11. She had something to say on ... subject. 12. … the money was spent. 13. ... the family were present. 14. And I had to sit out there with ... eye on me. 15. He has ... chance to win. 16. He looked at ... of us in turn. 17. Hugh had ... advantage of education. 18. I’d like you to make ... effort to obtain ... the data we spoke about. 19. Frank’s wasn’t a bad place. The tables had yellow tops which Frank wiped after ... customer. 20. Almost ... boys like sport. 21. The doctor took his gloves out, and pulled one on his left hand, concentrating on ... fold in the leather. 22. The actor could make you hear ... word in the last row of the gallery.

Exercise 17. Use the pronoun other in the proper form and with the required article.

1. I think the first thing to do is to have ... talk with your sister. 2. It was not a large garden, but it was long and narrow. John and I walked right to ... end of it in silence. 3. I talked to a lot of people. Some said that in the same circumstances they would do as they had done before. ... told me that if they had known what it would come to they wouldn’t have ever done it. 4. Then I read the novels of George Meredith one after ... . 5. ... day I made an epigram. I hope you’ll like it. 6. They were going to get punished, one way or ... . 7. The bar was kept by two very nice girls, one was American and ... English. 8. ... people have told me the same thing. 9. That night Kate was gay and could make ... laugh. 10. He was always somewhat indifferent to the feelings of ... . 11. Well, I met him in the club ... night. 12. I made few friends in those days, for I was occupied with ... things. 13. Without ... word he started up the car. 14. He sat in ... arm-chair at the opposite side of the fire-place. 15. The servant opened the door and ushered in ... visitor. 16. Young men and young women would greet me on their way to or from the tennis court. Some found more to say to me than 17.The houses on ... side of the river were built out of gray stone. 18. Some people refused to take the advertisements and walked away and ... dropped them on the grass. 19. Why are you alone? Where are ...? 20. Would you like ... cup of tea?

Exercise 18. Use both, either or neither.

1.We drove along a wide road with ditches and trees on ... side. 2. Ed and I were ... very big men. 3. He invited us ... , but I knew he felt it irregular; he did not want ... of us at a family party. 4. The verandah stretched on ... side of me. 5. The first apple pie of the season was on the table and a large dish of purple grapes. Muriel was too angry to touch ... . 6. I could hear them ... , but saw ... . 7. Cords were drawn on ... side of the picture gallery on days when the public were admitted. 8. These are ... very gloomy rooms. I’m afraid ... will suit me. 9. ... his legs were broken in the accident. 10. «Which of the two newspapers would you like?» – «Oh, ... will do». 11. She had brown shining hair which hung down on ... side of her face. 12. «What are you going to have, orange juice or Coke?» – « ... . I’m not thirsty». 13. «Tell ... your mother and father that I’m expecting them tonight». – «I’m afraid I won’t see ... of them today». 14. «Which job are you going to take?» – «I’m afraid ... ». 15. She can play with the tennis racket in ... hand. 16. By that time ... his sisters had got married. 17. There were trees on ... bank. 18. You can borrow ... of my two cameras. 19. Nick and Tom are ... my friends. But ... is in the town now. They are ... in the Navy. 20. «What have you written, a short story or an essay?» – «I’m afraid it doesn’t come within ... description». 21. « ... the jars, the big one and the small one, are empty. You can take ... of them». – «I’m afraid ... will do». 22. «She’s … very ill or has gone away». – «What can one do about it in ... case?»

Exercise 19. Use interrogative or conjunctive pronouns.

1. They had brought few books with them ... she hadn’t read. 2. You’re one of the few people ... I’d like to know better. 3. « ... of the two of them is right?» he asked me. 4. I don’t honestly see ... I can do about it. 5. That is the worst news ... we’ve ever had from you. 6. He was compared with everyone ... had ever written a successful travel book and the accents of ... were certainly to be caught in his own works. 7. ... do we call the sea between England and France? 8. I told him everything ... was relevant. 9. ... I saw was a solid-looking brick house. 10. ... pronoun is always written with a capital letter? 11. In this room there was a small grate, on the mantelshelf of ... she had arranged two vases of flowers. 12. Looking at him she wondered ... sort of small boy he had been. 13. ... cost more money, ready-made clothes or tailor-made clothes? 14. All ... they would tell me was that Uncle Nick was ill. 15 … did he say? 16. There had grown between them an understanding ... required no, words. 17. … other things did you buy? 18. Now ... you see all the family together tell me ... you think of us. 19. «I have never been given any of Granny’s things». – « ... about her watch?» 20. It is for you to decide ... is to speak to the chief. 21. They’re a family that would quarrel about ... way a doorknob turns. 22. … quality do you admire in a man? 23. He is the man ... car I noticed in the square. 24. Take these books to your brother and ask him ... are his. 25. Here you ask for «the German», every one will know ... you mean. 26. I didn’t tell her ... it was all about. 27. He examined the official records to find out in ... name the house and plot were registered. 28. They explained ... they wanted. 29. I was sure that ... he said about the girl was true. 30. Later that afternoon Phil went to San Fernando, where he soon found the house in ... the Klement family was said to live. 31. They asked a young woman ... the street was called. 32. Then they were asked ... company they represented and ... sort of factory they intended to put up in the area. 33. Tell me ... daughter you’re going to take along with you and ... is staying behind.

TASKS FOR SELF-CONTROL

MODULE VI