История возникновения ЮНЕСКО

Основными предшественниками ЮНЕСКО являлись:

· Специальный комитет Лиги наций по вопросам интеллектуального сотрудничества (СКИС), Женева, 1922-1946 гг., и его исполнительное учреждение – Международный институт интеллектуального сотрудничества (МИИС), Париж, 1925-1946 гг.;

· Международное бюро просвещения (МБП), Женева, 1925-1968 гг.; МБП с 1969 г. является частью структуры Секретариата ЮНЕСКО и имеет собственный устав.

7.2. ОЭСР – Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития http://www.oecd.org/

Fast facts

Established: 1961

Location: Paris, France

Membership: 33 countries

Budget: EUR 328 million

Secretariat staff: 2500

Secretary-General: Angel Gurría

Publications: 250 new titles/year

Official languages: English/French

Consult the Secretary-General's Annual Report

Mission

OECD brings together the governments of countries committed to democracy and the market economy from around the world to:

· Support sustainable economic growth

· Boost employment

· Raise living standards

· Maintain financial stability

· Assist other countries' economic development

· Contribute to growth in world trade

The Organisation provides a setting where governments compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and coordinate domestic and international policies.

Enlargement and enhanced engagement

OECD also shares expertise and exchanges views with more than 100 other countries.

In May 2007, OECD countries agreed to invite Chile, Estonia, Israel, Russia and Slovenia to open discussions for membership of the Organisation and offered enhanced engagement to Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. While enhanced engagement is distinct from accession to the OECD, it has the potential in the future to lead to membership. The approval of so-called "road maps" marked the start of accession talks with Chile, Estonia, Israel, Russia and Slovenia.

Chile became a member of the Organisation on 7 May 2010, Slovenia became a member on 21 July 2010 and Israel became a member on 7 September 2010.

On 10 May 2010, the OECD invited Estonia to become member of the OECD. The country membership will become official once necessary formalities, including parliamentary approval, have been completed.

Monitoring, analysing and forecasting

For more than 40 years, OECD has been one of the world's largest and most reliable sources of comparable statistics and economic and social data. As well as collecting data, OECD monitors trends, analyses and forecasts of economic developments and researches social changes or evolving patterns in trade, environment, agriculture, technology, taxation and more.

Publishing

OECD is one of the world’s largest publishers in the fields of economics and public policy. OECD publications are a prime vehicle for disseminating the Organisation's intellectual output, both on paper and online.

Publications are available through OLIS for government officials, through iLibrary for researchers and students in institutions subscribed to our online library, and through the Online Bookshop for individuals who wish to browse titles free-of-charge.

Topics

The OECD works on global issues in the following areas:

Economy:

· Competition

· Economics and Growth

· Regional, Rural and Urban Development

· Agriculture

· Industry and entrepreneurship

· Trade

Society:

· Education

· Social and Welfare Issues

· Migration

· Employment

· Health

Development:

· Development Issues

Finance:

· Financial Markets

· Investment

· Insurance and Pensions

· Tax

Governance:

· Corporate Governance

· Public Governance and Management

· Bribery and Corruption

· Regulatory Reform

Innovation:

· Science and technology

· Innovation

· Internet economy

Sustainability:

· Fisheries

· Energy

· Environment

· Sustainable Development

The 33 member countries of OECD are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States.

Twenty of these countries became members on 14 December 1960, when the Convention establishing the organisation was signed. The others have joined over the years.

In a Supplementary Protocol to the OECD Convention, the signatory states decided that the Commission of the European Community “shall participate in the work” of the Organisation. This participation goes well beyond that of a mere observer, and in fact gives the Commission quasi-Member status.

In May 2007, OECD countries agreed to invite Chile, Estonia, Israel, Russia and Slovenia to open discussions for membership of the Organisation and offered enhanced engagement to Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. The approval of so-called "road maps" in December 2007 marked the start of accession talks with Chile, Estonia, Israel, Russia and Slovenia.

Chile became a member of the Organisation on 7 May 2010, Slovenia became a member on 21 July 2010 and Israel became a member on 7 September 2010. While enhanced engagement is distinct from accession to the OECD, it has the potential in the future to lead to membership.

On 10 May 2010, the OECD invited Estonia to become members of the OECD. The country’s membership will become official once necessary formalities, including parliamentary approval, have been completed.

The accession procedure is complex and can be long, as it involves a series of examinations to assess a country’s ability to meet OECD standards in a wide range of policy areas. This makes it difficult to bring on board more than a small number of new members at the same time.

Global partners

Over time, OECD’s focus has broadened to include extensive contacts with non-member economies and it now maintains co-operative relations with more than 70 of them.

The Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members (CCNM) develops and oversees the strategic orientations of OECD’s global relations with non-members. 10 Global Forums have been established to address trans-boundary issues where the relevance of OECD work is dependent on policy dialogue with non-members.

Regional initiatives cover Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia; Asia; Latin America; the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The Sahel and West Africa Club creates, promotes and facilitates links between OECD countries and West Africa.

Helping improve public governance and management in European Union Candidate Countries, Potential Candidates, and European Neighbourhood Policy countries is the concern of a special joint OECD-EU initiative, the Support for Improvement in Governance and Management (SIGMA) programme.

International organisations

OECD has official relations with other international organisations and bodies, such as the International Labour Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, International Atomic Energy Agency, and many other United Nations bodies. OECD also co-ordinates with the International Transport Forum, an independent body linked to OECD that deals with issues of improvement of all forms of transport.

The annual OECD Forum, held in conjunction with the annual ministerial meeting, enables leaders from business, labour and non-governmental organisations to discuss key issues on the ministerial agenda with government ministers and senior officials of international organisations.

7.3. IAU – International Association of Universities http://www.iau-aiu.net/

IAU, founded in 1950, is the UNESCO-based worldwide association of higher education institutions. It brings together institutions and organisations from some 150 countries for reflection and action on common concerns and collaborates with various international, regional and national bodies active in higher education. Its services are available on the priority basis to Members but also to organisations, institutions and authorities concerned with higher education, as well as to individual policy and decision-makers, specialists, administrators, teachers, researchers and students.

The Association aims at giving expression to the obligation of universities and other higher education institutions as social institutions to promote, through teaching, research and services, the principles of freedom and justice, of human dignity and solidarity, and contributes, through international cooperation, to the development of material and moral assistance for the strengthening of higher education generally.

As stated in its Founding Charter IAU's mission is based on the fundamental principles for which every university should stand:

· The right to pursue knowledge for its own sake and to follow wherever the search for truth may lead;

· The tolerance of divergent opinion and freedom from political interference.

The overall goals of IAU are both internal and external:

· IAU links up its Members, offering them quality services, networking and collective action.

· The Association speaks on behalf of universities, other higher education institutions and associations and represents their concerns and interests in public debate and to outside partners.

Both of these complementary goals are pursued through future oriented collective action, including conferences and meetings, information services, policy discussion, research and publications.

By encouraging Members to work together, IAU:

· Facilitates the exchange of experience and learning and fosters cooperation;

· Restates and defends the academic values and principles that underlie and determine the proper functioning of universities and other higher education institutions;

· Upholds and contributes to the development of a long-term vision of universities’ role and responsibilities in society;

· Voices the concerns for higher education with regard to policies of international bodies such as UNESCO, the World Bank and others;

· Contributes to a better understanding of current trends and policy developments through analysis, research and debate;

· Provides comprehensive and authoritative information on higher education systems, institutions and qualifications worldwide.

Russian Federation members:

Academy of National Economy under the RF Government

Academy of Social Education

Belgorod University of Consumer Cooperatives

Bratsk State University

Chelyabinsk State University

I.M.Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy

Moscow City Pedagogical University

Moscow University of Humanities

Moscow University of Industry and Finance

Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Technical University

Moscow State Linguistic University

Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

People's Friendship University of Russia

Pyatigorsk State Linguistic University

Rostov State University of Civil Engineering

Russian State University for the Humanities

Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Samara State University of Economics

Southern Federal University

St. Petersburg State University

State University of Management, Moscow

Tomsk Polytechnic University

Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University

Ufa State Petroleum Technical University

Voronezh Institute of High Technology

Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering

7.4. EAIE – European Association of International Education http://www.eaie.org/

The EAIE is a non-profit organisation whose main aim is the stimulation and facilitation of the internationalisation of higher education in Europe and around the world, and to meet the professional needs of individuals active in international education.

The EAIE is a member-led organisation made up of individual members. It has a committed membership of more than 1800 international education professionals - from rectors to professors to international exchange coordinators. The EAIE is dedicated to serving and representing this membership.

Directorate

The EAIE has a permanent Office in Amsterdam, headed by an Executive Director, and is governed by an elected Presidency. Governance of the Association is truly international, with the Presidency and Board drawn from a wide variety of countries.

What the EAIE offers

The EAIE strives to link international education professionals together in order to help create a global environment where there is mobility and education for all. In order to facilitate this, the EAIE works to aid in the professional development of internationalisers and to ensure that important information is not only disseminated, but that there is an increased awareness about critical issues so that they can be debated in order to come to mutual understandings.

Professional development is tackled by offering various training courses, seminars, professional development modules and Executive Forums. throughout the year, disseminating important issues via publications, providing an important forum with the EAIE-L and MyEAIE services on-line, and most importantly by creating an atmosphere for learning, debate, and networking at the Annual EAIE Conference. The EAIE, with its Professional Sections and Special Interest Groups, ensures that adequate attention is paid to the more specific topics that concern EAIE members as well as the general topics challenging the international higher education arena.

Professional Sections:

ACE – Admission Officers and Credential Evaluators

EBS – Economic and Business Studies

EDC – Educational Cooperation with Developing Countries

EMPLOI – Employability skills, graduate careers and international internships

IRM – International Relations Managers

LICOM – Languages for Intercultural Communication and Mobility

M&R – Marketing and Recruitment

MOPILE – Management of Programmes in Lifelong Education

SAFSA – Study Abroad and Foreign Students Advisers

Special Interest Groups:

DIW – Disability Issues Worldwide