Направление 08.03.01 «Строительство» ИСФ

Ростов-на-Дону

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

Общие требования к выполнению контрольной работы

Контрольное задание предлагается в пяти вариантах.

Вариант задания определяется по последней цифре номера зачетной книжки.

1 вариант - цифры 1, 2.

2 вариант – цифры 3, 4.

3 вариант – цифры 5, 6.

4 вариант – цифры 7, 8.

5 вариант – цифры 9, 0.

Контрольная работа должна быть выполнена в отдельной тетради. На обложке тетради необходимо указать: факультет, курс, номер группы, фамилию, имя и отчество, дату, номер контрольного задания и вариант.

Первую страницу необходимо оставить чистой для замечаний и рецензии преподавателя.

Все предлагаемые к выполнению задания (включая текст на английском языке) переписываются на левой стороне разворота тетради, а выполняются на правой.

Контрольная работа должна быть написана четким подчерком, для замечаний преподавателя следует оставить поля.

Контрольная работа, выполненная не полностью или не отвечающая вышеприведенным требованиям, не проверяется и не засчитывается.

Проверенная контрольная работа должна быть переработана студентом (та часть ее, где содержатся ошибки и неточности перевода) в соответствии с замечаниями и методическими указаниями преподавателя. В той же тетради следует выполнить «Работу над ошибками», представив ее на защите контрольной работы.

I курс

Выполнение контрольных работ № 1.

Защитавышеупомянутойработы

ВАРИАНТ 1

Задание 1. Прочитайте предложения. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в PresentPerfect или PastSimple. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. Betty (to write) her test yesterday.

2. She (to be) to London four times.

3. I don’t know this man. I never (to meet) him.

4. Last night I (t o feel) tired and (to go) to bed very early.

5. I already (to do) my homework. Now I can go for a walk.

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный модальный глагол. Письменнопереведитепредложения.

1. You must / have to tell your mother about it.

2. I will be able to / can give you my book a couple of days after I have read it.

3. I have told you this so that you may / might take precautions.

4. There was nothing in the fridge and she should / had to go shopping last Friday.

5. You won’t be allowed / should pay special attention to the art parquet combining different woods.

Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Вставьте much, many, little, few, alittle или afew. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. Let’s stay here ... longer: it is such a nice place.

2. There were … new words in the text, and Peter spent … time learning them.

3. There was … hay in the barn, and the children could not play there.

4. There was … water in the river, and they decided to cross it.

5. My mother knows German … and she can help you with the translation of this letter.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения. Замените прямую речь косвенной. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. The woman said to her son: “I am glad I am here.”

2. “My friend lives in Moscow,” said Alec.

3. “Who is the owner of the house?” – he asked me.

4. “Does the “Frayed chic” harmonically blend styles and objects that seem incompatible?” – the student asked the teacher.

5. “We have decided to make the landscape the main feature of the project” – the architects said.

Задание 5. Прочитайте предложения. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в соответствующей форме. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad.

2. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party.

3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry).

4. If you (not to work) systematically you (to fail) the examination.

5. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone.

Задание 6. Прочитайте текст по специальности и выполните задания к нему.

GREEN BUILDING

Green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human health and the environment. The "green" architect or designer attempts to safeguard air, water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials and construction practices.

Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) is a process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. This requires close cooperation of the design team, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages.

Although new technologies are constantly being developed to complement current practices in creating greener structures, the common objective is that green buildings are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:

§ Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

§ Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity

§ Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.

I. Answer the questions

1) What is green building?

2) What does the “green architect” attempt to do?

3) What does green building require?

Вариант 2

1. We (to travel) to lots of countries.

2. Mrs. Green (to work) in the office for 25 years. And she is still working.

3. She (to ring) her boss yesterday.

4. The lecture (not yet to begin) and the students are talking in the class room.

5. I (not to see) him since 1987.

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный модальный глагол. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. Mother is ill, and I have to / must take my sister to school.

2. Tomorrow I shall be free and I can /shall be able to help you.

3. You may / might take any book you like.

4. It was a very, important meeting and we should / had to attend it. That’s why we returned home late.

5. The authors of the project will be able / should to minimize the space for the communication system.

Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Вставьте much, many, little, few, alittle или afew. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. The pupils of our class ask … questions at the lesson.

2. You don’t make … mistakes in your spelling.

3. He likes it at the camp: he had … friends there.

4. The hall was almost empty: there were very … people in it.

5. I can’t buy this expensive hat today: I have too … money.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения. Замените прямую речь косвенной. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. “I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me.

2. The teacher said to the class: “We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.”

3. “When was this elegant seven-storied building constructed?” – the foreigner wondered.

4. “I am leaving at six,” – she said.

5. “The flat’s owners are thinking about its re-planning.” – Andrew noticed.

1. If the (to be) free tomorrow, he certainly (to come) to our party.

2. If you (to get) a “five”, your mother (to be) happy.

3. If you (to ring) me up, I (to tell) you secret.

4. If he (not to pass) his examination, he (not to get) a scholarship.

5. If my brother (to be) in trouble, I (to help) him, of course.

Задание 6. Прочитайте текст по специальности и выполните задания к нему.

WaterSupply

Throughout recorded history large cities have been concerned with their water supplies. Even ancient cities found that local sources of supply—shallow wells, springs, and brooks—were inadequate to meet the very modest sanitary demands of the day, and the inhabitants were constrained to build aqueducts which could bring water from distant sources. Such supply systems could not compare with modern types, for only a few of the wealthier people had private taps in their homes or gardens, and most citizens carried water in vessels to their homes from fountains or public outlets. Medieval cities were smaller than the ancient cities, and public water supplies were practically nonexistent. The existing aqueducts of ancient Athens, Rome, and the Roman provincial cities fell into disuse, and their purposes were even forgotten.

The waterworks engineer of ancient times labored under the severe handicap of having no type of pipe that could withstand even moderate pressures. He used pipe of clay, lead, and bored wood in small sizes, but even with these, as, with masonry aqueducts and tunnels, lie followed the hydraulic grade line and rarely

placed conduits under pressure.

In the seventeenth century the first experiments were made with cast-iron pipe but it was not until the middle of the eighteenth century that these pipes were cheap enough for wide use. The durability of cast iron and its freedom from breaks and leakages soon made its use almost universal, although steel and other materials were also used. This advance, together with improved pumping methods, made it economically possible for all but the smallest villages to obtain water supplies and to deliver the water into the homes of the citizens.

I. Answer the questions

1) Why were the inhabitants of ancient cities constrained to build aqueducts?

2) How did most citizens get water to their homes?

3) What were the problems of the waterworks engineer of ancient times?

Вариант 3

1. Sheila (to go) to the market at 8 o’clock in the morning.

2. Lorna (to read) the letter already.

3. She (to phone) just now.

4. Last night I (to arrive) home at half past twelve.

5. I (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный модальный глагол. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. You must/ have to take a taxi if you want to catch that train.

2. You can / will be able to go to the county when you have passed your last examination.

3. She told him that he may / might go home.

4. You should / had to disconnect the computer yesterday. There is something wrong with it.

5. As we can / could see, designed following classical traditions, the house didn’t look pompous or museum like.

Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Вставьте much, many, little, few, alittle или afew. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. He had … English books at home, so he had to go the library for more books.

2. She gave him … water to wash his hands and face.

3. I’d like to say … words about my journey.

4. After the play everybody felt … tired.

5. This girl works very … , that’s why she knows nothing.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения. Замените прямую речь косвенной. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. He said: “I am sure she will ring me up when she is back.”

2. “I don’t go to this shop very often,” she said.

3. “Why did the designer intend to part the space by a screen?” – the customer asked.

4. “Was House in Chelsea an occasional choice?” – he wondered.

5. “There will be no “empty”, senseless objects, overloading the space” – the designer promised.

1. If you (to give) me your address, I (to write) you a letter.

2. If my sister (not to go) to the south, we (to spend) the summer in St.Petersburg together.

3. If you (not to get) tickets for the Philharmonic, we (to stay) at home.

4. If it (to rain), we (to have to) stay at home.

5. If it (not be) too cold, I (not to put) on my coat.

Задание 6. Прочитайте текст по специальности и выполните задания к нему.

Sewerage

Remains of sanitary sewers are to be found in the ruins of the ancient cities of Crete and Assyria. Rome also had sewers, but they were primarily drains to carry away storm water. It was the practice to deposit all sorts of refuse in the streets, and accordingly the storm sewers also carried much organic matter at times. Sewerage was practically unknown during the Middle Ages, and construction of sewers was not resumed until modern times.

At first, these were storm sewers not intended to carry domestic sewage. As late as 1850, the discharge of household wastes into the sewers of London was forbidden. The water courses in or near towns apparently were used as convenient places of refuse disposal, for many writers comment upon the offensive condition of the London brooks, with their burden of dead dogs and filth of all sorts. In the course of time it was recognized that sanitation would best be served by permitting the use of sewers to convey human excreta away from dwellings as promptly as possible, and the original storm drains became combined sewers which carried both storm-water runoff and the liquid wastes from occupied buildings.

The development of water supplies, of course, played a large part in the greater use of plumbing systems with water-flush toilets. The commonly used vault toilets, which frequently overflowed and always produced odors, were soon legislated out of existence in the larger cities in favor of the water-carried system. This improvement together with safer water supplies caused a sharp decline in the urban death rate.

I. Answer the questions

1) What kind of sewers did Rome have?

2) When was the discharge of household wastes into the sewers of London forbidden?

3) What caused a sharp decline in the urban death rate?

Вариант 4

1. I (to live) in France in 1997.

2. This is the first time I (to have) pamella.

3. You) to be) busy this morning?

4. Jill (to buy) a new cat two weeks ago.

5. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again.

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный модальный глагол. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. I can’t stay in bed tomorrow morning because I have to / must work.

2. Tom can / is able to drive but he hasn’t got a car.

3. I gave him the text- book so that he may / might learn his lesson.

4. Mike isn’t here. He should / had to leave early.

5. The building may / had to be preserved obligatory and renovated in their original state.

Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Вставьте much, many, little, few, alittle или afew. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. When we walked … farther down the road, we met another group of students.

2. Have you got … ink in your pen?

3. At the conference we met … people whom we knew well.

4. There are very … old houses left in our street.

5. There is … salad left in this bowl.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения. Замените прямую речь косвенной. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. I said to them: “I can give you my uncle’s address.”

2. Oleg said: “My room is on the second floor.”

3. “How many rooms are there on the first floor?” – Colin asked me.

4. “Is the chimney place a key design feature?” – the customer wondered.

5. “The decoration will comprise a lot of natural materials” – the designer added.

1. If I (to live) hear a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms.

2. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together.

3. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

4. They all (to be) surprised if I (to make) such a mistake.

5. If he (not to come) in time, we (to have to) wait for him?

Задание 6. Прочитайте текст по специальности и выполните задания к нему.

I. Answer the questions

1. What disciplines wasBuilding engineering integrated from?

2. What phase of the life cycle of a buildingare building engineering students trained?

3. Where may the building engineering graduate work?

Вариант 5

1. Where (to be) you last night?

2. You (to near) from Ben recently?

3. Your mother (to phone) a few minutes ago.

4. When we were on holiday, the weather (to be) awful.

5. The sun (not to rise) yet, but the sky in the east is getting lighter every minute.

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный модальный глагол. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. And remember, you must / have to come and see the baby as soon as you can.

2. They will never be able to / can appreciate your kindness.

3. He may / might come tonight, but I’m not sure.

4. The car broke down and I should / had to get a taxi.

5. It will be allowed / can’t to start building of the complex in 6 months.

Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Вставьте much, many, little, few, alittle или afew. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. If you have … spare time, look through this book.

2. You will find … stories there which are rather interesting.

3. There are … things here which I cannot understand.

4. Shall I bring … more chalk?

5. I have … money, so we can go to the cinema.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения. Замените прямую речь косвенной. Письменно переведите предложения.

1. “I am going to the theatre tonight,” he said to me.

2. Mike said to her: “I shall do it today if I have time.”

3. “Why do architects use a play of contrasts here?” – the teacher asked the students.

4. “Did the owner demand a maximum functional layout of minimum space?” – the architect wondered.

5. “It will allow visual extending of the long room” – the designer said.

1. If you (to put) on your glasses, you (to see) better.

2. What we (to do) if they (to be) late?

3. You (to be) very angry if we (not to come)?

4. He (to be) very displeased if I (not to ring up) him?

5. If I (to live) in the south, I (to bathe) every day

Задание 6. Прочитайте текст по специальности и выполните задания к нему.

Modern Building Materials

Concrete is perhaps the most widely spread building material used nowadays. Concrete is an artificial stone, made by thoroughly mixing such natural ingredients or aggregates as cement, sand and gravel or broken stone together with sufficient water to produce a mixture of the proper consistency. It has many valuable properties. It sets under water, can be poured into moulds so as to get almost any desirable form, and together with steel in reinforced concrete it has very high strength, and also resist fire. Prestressed concrete is most widely used at present while prefabricated blocks are employed on vast scale for skeleton structures.

Aggregate for concrete

By the simple definition from the dictionary “aggregates are the materials, such as sand and small stones, that are mixed with cement to form concrete”.

Aggregates have three principle functions in the concrete: they provide a relatively cheap filler for the concreting material, or binder, they provide a mass of particles which are suitable for resisting the action of applied loads, of abrasion, of percolation of moisture through the mass, and of climate factors, they reduce volume changes resulting from the action of the setting and hardening of the concrete mass.

All aggregates, both natural and artificial, which have sufficient strength and resistance to weathering, and which do not contain harmful impurities may be used for making concrete.

As aggregates such natural materials as sand, pebbles, broken stone, broken brick, gravel, slag, cinder, pumice and others can be used.

Prestressed concrete

Prestressed concrete is not a new material. Its successful use has been developed rapidly during the last two decades, chiefly because steel of a more suitable character has been produced. Concrete is strong in compression but weak when used for tensile stresses.

I. Answer the questions

1. What is concrete made by?

2. What valuable properties does concrete have?

3. What are a mass of particles suitable for?

Направление 08.03.01 «Строительство» ИСФ

Ростов-на-Дону

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

Общие требования к выполнению контрольной работы

Контрольное задание предлагается в пяти вариантах.

Вариант задания определяется по последней цифре номера зачетной книжки.

1 вариант - цифры 1, 2.

2 вариант – цифры 3, 4.