Экзаменационный билет № 10. 1. Intra production logistic systems can be considered at micro and macro level
- Микро- и макроуровни логистики
- Основные компоненты измерения качества сервиса
- Логистика и ее связь с целями предприятиями
1. Intra production logistic systems can be considered at micro and macro level.
At macrolevel intra production logistic systems act as elements of macrological systems. They set a rhythm of work of these systems, are a source of material streams. Possibility of adaptation of macrological systems to changes of environment in essential degree is defined by ability of intra production logistic systems entering into them quickly to change qualitative and quantitative structure of an output material stream, i.e. the range and quantity of products.
Qualitative flexibility of intra production logistic systems can be provided at the expense of presence of the universal service personnel and flexible production.
At microlevel intra production logistic systems represent a number of the subsystems being in the relations and communications with each other, forming a certain integrity, unity. These subsystems - purchase, warehouses, stocks, productions of services, transport, information, sale and shots, provide entry of a material stream into system, passing in it and leaving the system. According to the logistics concept creation of intra production logistic systems has to provide possibility of continuous coordination and mutual updating of plans and actions of supplying, production and marketing links in the enterprise.
The logistic concept of the organization of production includes the following basic provisions:
refusal of excess stocks,
refusal of overestimated time for performance of auxiliary and transport and warehouse operations,
refusal of production of series of details on which there are no orders of buyers,
elimination of equipment downtimes,
obligatory elimination of marriage,
elimination of irrational intra factory transportations,
transformation of suppliers from the resisting party in benevolent partners.
2.Основные компоненты измерения качества сервиса
For an assessment of quality of logistic service are used the following criteria:
♦ reliability of delivery;
♦ total time from obtaining the order to delivery ofgoods consignment;
♦ flexibility of delivery;
♦ existence of stocks in a warehouse of the supplier;
♦ possibility of granting credits, and others.
Let's characterize the first of three called criteria.
Reliability of delivery — is ability of the supplier to observe the terms of delivery caused by the contract in the established limits. Reliability of delivery is defined by reliability of observance of performance terms of separate types of works which are included by delivery process.
The essential factor influencing on reliability of delivery is existence of the obligations (guarantees) provided by the contract owing to which the supplier bears responsibility in case of violation of terms of delivery.
Total time from obtaining the order to delivery of a consignment of goods includes:
♦ time of registration of the order;
♦ manufacturing time (this time is added to delivery term ,ordered goods at first should be prepared);
♦ packing time;
♦ time of shipment,
♦ delivery time.
Observance of the term of delivery specified in the contract depends on how precisely maintained the components listed above. For example, it can happen that the received order will lie without movement. The planned terms of manufacturing of the goods or the terms of transportation declared by the forwarding agent can not be observed.
Flexibility of delivery — means ability of delivering system to consider special provisions (or wishes) of clients. It carries:
♦ possibility of change of a form of the order;
♦ possibility of change of a way of transfer of the order;
♦ possibility of change of a type of container and packing;
♦ possibility of a response of the demand for delivery;
♦ possibility of receiving by the client of information on a condition of its order;
♦ the relation to complaints at incomplete deliveries.