Определите функции инфинитива, предложения переведите

1) To manufacture this model of equipment is profitable for producers. 2) The firm was to start producing the new equipment at the end of the year. 3) The company is considering issuing new shares to be sold for cash or given to the government. 4) To attract customers, some shops organize regular sales at discount prices. 5) The CB also sets the discount rate, which is the interest rate commercial banks have to pay when they want to borrow money. 6) In every economy there are lots of households to supply labour and capital to firms that use them to produce goods and services. 7) To calculate depreciation is necessary in order to know the value of the assets of an enterprise. 8) Feasibility study outlines products to be manufactured by the joint venture. 9) To assure uninterrupted growth, enterprises have to rely more on intensification of production. 10) To let consumer credit to grow creates speculative situation. 11) Most countries have laws to prevent the breaking of patent or copyright protection. 12) The quality of machines and equipment is to be in conformity with the technical specification of the contract.

Переведите предложения.

1) Управлять компанией – нелегкая задача. 2) Нам необходимо провести собрание акционеров для того, чтобы выбрать Совет директоров. 3) В случае банкротства они вынуждены будут продать свое личное имущество. 4) Есть планы по созданию госкорпорации.

§ 8 Конструкция for + N + Infinitive

for + N + Infinitive Construction

В инфинитивном обороте, вводимом предлогом «for», инфинитив выражает действие, субъектом которого является существительное или местоимение в объектном падеже (him, us, etc).

It's time for us to go.

Нам пора идти.

Where shall we go tonight? - It's for you to decide.

Куда пойдем сегодня? - Тебе решать.

Чаще всего этот оборот употребляется в функции обстоятельства и переводится на русский язык придаточным предложением, вводимым союзами «чтобы», «что».Подлежащим этого предложения становится субъект действия, а сказуемым - инфинитив.

She put the advertisement on the wall for everybody to see.

Она повесила объявление на стену, чтобы все видели.

The teacher is waiting for you to continue reading.

Учитель ждёт, чтобы ты продолжил читать.

· Оборот может находиться в любой части предложения.

For this material to be published this year you must have it typed as soon as possible.

Для того чтобы этот материал был опубликован в этом году, вам нужно как можно скорее перепечатать его на машинке.

- It is quite possible for this material to be published very soon.

- The main problem is for this material to be published as soon as possible.

- There isn't enough time for the material to be published this year.

-For this thesis to be published this year it is out of the question (не может быть и речи).

Упражнения

Переведите предложения. Укажите номера тех из них, в которых for-phrase можно переводить, не используя союз «чтобы», а только изменив порядок слов при переводе.

A 1) Не asked for the document to be sent to him by post. 2) Suddenly he appeared at the door of the studio and made signs for the visitors to come In. 3) Your new book must be very interesting. - This is for the reader to judge. 4) I have brought the books for you to examine. 5) He was anxious for you and his sister to become acquainted. 6) For production to be increased we must have efficient labour organisation. 7) For the insurance to be an attractive purchase, the premiums must be substantially less than the amount of the policy. 8) It is difficult for a bank branch to make dramatic savings. 9) The new organisation structure was very necessary for us to be able to broaden the scope of our activities. 10) This means that it becomes easier for people to persuade bankers to lend money for new projects. 11) Businessmen waited for interest rates to come down. 12) It would have been very difficult for us to develop on our own (самостоятельно, без посторонней помощи) - and extremely expensive.

B 1) If an agent holds stocks, it is easier for him to develop new markets. 2) It took another 29 years for six more countries at different times to join the original six members of the Common Market. 3) The investors and the government will do their best (всё от них зависящее) for the agreement to be signed. 4) What does Russia have to do for this to happen? 5) It would be useless to hope for foreigners to buy the Russian government's federal loan bonds. 6) For the machine to work well, all parts must separately be working well.7) But the exceptions here are too numerous for any rule to be stated. 8) They said there were no reasons for the business cycles to exist in a planned economy. 9) It was possible for Britain to secure control over the markets of her own Empire. 10) It is difficult for both professional critics and laymen to understand how Mr. Cleaves can manage to produce so many books. 11) Such a system makes it easier for enterprises to cooperate with each other. 12) This lack of money has made it extremely difficult for enterprises to pay their taxes.