II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола - сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Nearly all the American wheat crop-is sown with a drill.
2. The rate of seeding for wheat in the western part of the USA does not depend on soil type.
3. Tractor-operated grain drills are divided into two types.
4. Fertilizer grain drills are used for planting both seed and fertilizer in a single Operation.
5. Furrow openers are attached to the frame of the drills.
II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива.
1. The drill to plant both seed and fertilizer in a single operation is called fertilizer grain drill.
2. To select the proper tractor it is necessary to study farm requirements.
З.То operate the tractor properly means, to reduce field break downs.
4. It is important to, know how to care for- the drill.
5. For the number of field breakdowns to be reduced, one must operate the drill correctly.
III. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее и сложное дополнение.
1. Some drills are supposed to be provided with greased attachment.
2. Farm machines are believed to be operated and managed properly
3. Farmers know small grains and grasses to be placed in the ground at a uniform depth.
4. The main frame, wheels and a box for seed are through to be the main parts of a drill.
5. Farmers know the drills to be classified as plant drills and fertilizer drills.
IV. Определите функцию слов с суффиксом - ing. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. It is easy to check -the sowing prate by jacking up the drive wheel.
2. The temperature is rather high for sowing.
3. Planting new crop varieties, farmers must take into consideration weather conditions.
4. Cultivating units are mounted on the tractors.
5. Having prepared the seedbed, the farmers must take measures to control weeds.
V. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.
1 .A device to meter the seed out of the hopper being provided, the seed can be supplied in uniform quantities.
2. The construction of the cultivator being quite new, the mechanic has to explain the farmers operating it 2 management methods.
3. The weather being suitable, the farmers start planting.
4. The steering mechanism controlling the rear wheel is provided at the front of the tractor.
5. Farmers cultivating the soil properly obtain high yields.
VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык текст. Ознакомьтесь со спецлексикой к тексту.
a drill – сеялка, рядовая сеялка
frame – рама
wheel – колесо
seed box – семенной ящик
hopper – бункер
furrow opener – сошник
covering device – устройство по заделке семян
trailing drill – прицепная сеялка
mounted drill – навесная сеялка
to support – поддерживать
end wheel drill – туковая сеялка
ground traction drive – привод от ходовых колес
press-wheel drill – сеялка с прикатывающими колесами, прессовая сеялка
press wheel – прикатывающий каток
hitch – навесное устройство
bar – брус, пластина
three-point hitch – трехточечное навесное устройство
feed – питать, снабжать
breakdown – поломка, авария
rear – задний
drive wheel – ведущее колесо
GRAIN DRILLS
The grain drill is a machine designed to place the seeds in the ground. The principal parts are: the frame, the wheels, a box for seed, a device to meter the seed out of the hopper, furrow openers and covering devices.
Tractor-operated grain drills can be divided into two types: trailing and mounted. Most of the trailing types are supported by a wheel at each end of the drill. This- type is called an end- wheel drill. The wheels serve as ground traction drives to operate the moving parts of the drill. Trailing press-wheel drills are partly supported by the large press wheel at the rear and partly by the hitch bar in front.
Mounted grain drills are mounted on the tractor by the three- / point hitch. The drill feeds and other moving parts are driven by the power take off of the tractor0 Grain drills are known to be classified as plant drills und fertilizer drills.
A farmer should know how to select a proper drill and how to care for that drill, One should know how to operate the drill, as proper management reduces field breakdowns.
VII. Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:
1. What is the grain drill?
2. How is grain drills classified?
3. What are principle parts of the grain drill?
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕКСТЫ.
Прочтите тексты и переведите их устно на русский язык.
Незнакомую лексику выпишите себе в словарную тетрадь.
TRACTORS
The tractor-building industry produces some 600,000 tractors. The growth of lab our productivity in agriculture .particularly in crop farming, is secured by' increasing the capacity and speed of the tractors.
The production of the main types of modern tractors-K-701, T- 140, T-150 K, Belarus-611, MTZ-80/82-started in the early 1970s. They have highly efficient diesel engines-and multiple-speed gear boxes. The cabins have springs, and have ventilation, heating and air-conditioning systems. Maintenance of these tractors is easier and they run longer before a general overhaul is needed.
The modern tractors, for example, those made at the Kirov Plant in Leningrad, have a capacity of 270 hp, and designers are now working on models with capacities of up to 450-500 hp.
The new models to go into production soon include the 170 hp OT-75C caterpillar tractor (the Volgograd Tractor Plant), the 150hp T-150 tractor (the Kharkov Plant), and the 150 hp all-purpose model.
The design organizations are also busy developing small-size models. These compact, easy to operate tractors will help mechanize work on small plots of land.
1. How many tractors does the tractor-building industry 'produce?
2. When did the production of the main types of modern tractors start?
3. Have the cabins springs and ventilation?
100,000 Tractors.
A short time ago the 100,000th «Belarus» tractor, which is manufactured by the Minsk Tractor Plant, came off the factory's production lines.
This tractor is not only to be seen in the fields of our country, but in China, India, the u.a.r., Greece, and Bulgaria, which are among the 20 countries to which the Minsk Tractor Plant exports its engineering products.
A new tractor is to go into serial production at the works-the «MTZ-M». It has a 10-speed gear-box and a more powerful and economical engine than the «Belarus». It is known to be used to drive many types of small machines for it has a pulley to which they can be connected by a driving belt. Some 50 or 60 implements can be mounted on the «MTZ-5M», which has a maximum working speed of 25 km, per hour.
1. What countries is the «Belarus» tractor exported?
2. What new tractor has a more powerful and economical engined than the «Belarus»?
3. What kind of implements can be mounted on the «MTZ-5M»?
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEEIRS IN FUPUNE
Agricultural engineers will be working on satellites circling the earth, monitorins movements of water and air masses end directing them in areas of the world where they, are needed the moat.
Thousands of agricultural engineer's will be designing systems to grow crops and trees on saline soils and saline, waters. Many will be working onthe design of farming complexes in the deserts using nuclear plants to pump water miles away.
Thousands of agricultural engineers will continue to work an environmental pollution control and particularly a rinsing the polluted air, soil and water.
Hundreds of agricultural engineers will be among the first thousands to be sent off from the Eartn to establish food production complexes on Earth II.
to monitor – зд.управлять
P0WER TILLER IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE
The power tiller is a new agricultural machine for Indian agriculture. It is on ideal machine for a form of 2 to 10 hectares with capacity to till a hectare per day with multipurpose operations such as tilling, ploughing, etc.
The advantages of the power-tiller are the following:
a) The power tiller is more efficient as compared with a pair of bullocks while costing only a part. The power tiller can cultivate one hectare of land per day (which) is about the work of six pairs of bullocks) at half the cost. The power tiller can be purchased for the same initial payment as will be required for the purchase of a pair of bullocks.
b) For increasing food production through intensive cultivation, power tiller la the answer, especially for small farmewhich are so typical are India.
The power Tiller Committee of India worked out the following recommendations to make power tillers popular in India.
1) Demonstration and publicity by all concerned.
2) Introduction of power tillers In Governmental farms,, agricultural colleges, agro industry corporations, etc.
3) Reduction of local taxes.
4) Government help and the Import of spare parts for power tillers.
What in necessary is the realization of these recommendations.
by all concerned - всеми заинтересованными организациями
THЕ COMBINE
The combine is a single machine which performes all grain harvesting operations. The idea of such a machine is rather old. But practical production of combines began at the end of the last century.
The combine cuts, threshes any kind of seed or grain.
The grain is separated from the straw, by straw-rack agitation. After it passes over agitated sieves the clean grain is delivered to the container or to the bags.
It is necessary to do combine harvesting as quickly as possible while the weather is fine.
It is alco very important to prepare the combine for harvesting properly. The machine must be clean and its moving parts must run freely.
At the end of the season all the components of the machine must be and cleaned again. Any worn part must be replaced and the machine must be ready for next harvesting season.