Отрывки из художественной литературы

Врезультате изучения данногоприложения обучающиеся должны:

знать:

• особенности использования юридической лексики в ситуациях повседневного общения
• особенности описания юридических понятий языком повседневного общения или литературным языком
• отличия художественного описания преступных деяний от формально-протокольного

уметь:

• отличать художественный стиль от официального
• читать художественную литературу целью развития языковой и профессиональной интуиции
• пользоваться художественными приёмами описания юридических событий с целью их более точной презентации

владеть:

• навыками изучающего и ознакомительного чтения
• навыками краткого формулирования событий, отражённых в художественных текстах
• навыками интерпретирования описанных на английском языке событий

После изучения этого приложения обучаемые получат представление о:

• особенностях описания юридических ситуаций в литературных произведениях в сопоставлении с правовыми документами
• языковых средствах правил перехода из одного стиля в другой

Проблема: особенности оформления на английском и русском языках правовых отношений в официальных правовых документах, художественной литературе и иноязычной разговорной речи, представленной во фрагментах литературных произведений, а также особенности интерпретации и правовой квалификации описанных событий.

Angélique

(After Sergeanne Golon)

Useful Words and Expressions for Speech Practice
court - суд (court-room - зал суда) trial - заседание суда, судебный процесс to try smb / to put smb on trial - судить к-л. accused/defendant - обвиняемый / подсудимый plaintiff - истец usher / bailiff - пристав в суде (судебный пристав) clerk - судебный секретарь court reporter - протоколист суда witness - свидетель judge - судья prosecutor - прокурор accomplice - сообщник to charge sb with sth / to accuse sb of sth - обвинить к-л. в ч-л. to convict sb of sth - осудить кого-л. за что-л. to sentence sb (to 3 years of imprisonment) - приговорить кого-л. (к 3 годам тюрьмы) a sentence - приговор indictment - юр. официальное обвинение, предъявление обвинения в суде to bring in an indictment against sb - предъявить обвинение кому-л.		to waive the indictment / to drop the charges - снять обвинение to take / make / swear an oath - дать клятву / принять присягу on oath / under oath - под присягой to put smb on oath; to administer the oath to smb - привести кого-л. к присяге to give evidence against smb - свидетельствовать против к-л. to contradict one's earlier testimony - противоречить своим предыдущим свидетельским показаниям to stand mute of malice - отказываться отвечать на вопросы суда mute - немой, безгласный; подсудимый, отказывающийся отвечать на вопрос суда, признает ли он себя виновным case for the prosecution / for the defence - версия обвинения / защиты; дело, выигранное обвинением / защитой case for the defendant / for the plaintiff - факты в пользу подсудимого / в пользу истца

Task 1. Find correct definitions of the terms listed in the left column of the table using the word combinations from the right column.

Terms	Definitions
1) defendant 2) plaintiff 3) accomplice 4) bailiff 5) clerk 6) Public Prosecutor	a) person who brings an action at law b) legal official who prosecutes criminal cases on behalf of the State or the public c) person against whom a legal action is brought d) companion in wrongdoing e) person employed to keep records f) law officer who helps a sheriff

Task 2. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and word combinations which do with legal matters. Consult 'Useful Words and Expressions for Speech Practice' above if necessary.

to be the prosecutor at the trial to be responsible for the order there was insufficient evidence for the court to convict him

1) Четыре человека свидетельствовали под присягой против него. 2) Подсудимый отказался отвечать на вопросы суда. 3) Кто будет прокурором на суде? 4) Судебный пристав отвечает за порядок в зале суда. 5) Два человека свидетельствовали против него под присягой. 6) Его приговорили к 5 годам тюрьмы. 7) Обвинение, сфабрикованное и предвзятое, было ему предъявлено только спустя сутки после задержания. 8) Его обвинили в грабеже, но у суда было недостаточно доказательств, чтобы осудить его. 9) Ему предъявили обвинение в краже, но поскольку на судебном заседании оба свидетеля дали показания, противоречившие их предыдущим показаниям, то обвинения с него были сняты. 10) Трех свидетелей привели к присяге, и все они дали показания против подсудимого.

Task 3.Complete the sentences with the words and word combinations from the table:

court-room; judges; trial; trying the accused; court

1) When he raised his head and his glowing black eyes slowly glanced around the semicircular _________ with a sort of mocking self-assurance, the pity which some of them had felt disappeared and a hostile murmur ran through the audience. The sight before them exceeded even their wildest hopes. This really was a sorcerer!

Flanked by guards, the Comte de Peyrac remained standing before the stool of repentance, on which he was unable to kneel.

At this moment, a score of armed Royal guards entered through two doors and took up positions at various points in the vast room.

The _________ was about to being. A voice announced:

"Gentlemen, the ________ !"

The entire audience rose, and through the stage-door came the halberdier-ushers in 16th century costume, with frilled ruffs and plumed caps. They preceded a procession of eight ... in gown and ermine collar, wearing the square doctor's cap.

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. Pp. 402-403)

2) "I suppose the King decided to ignore custom and that your husband will be tried, if necessary, 'mute of malice.' "

"Which means?"

The lawyer explained that this consisted of ________ as if in his absence, which would jeopardise the Comte's chances. In France an accused was always presumed guilty, whereas in England, for instance, it was the task of the prosecution to prove the guilt of an arrested person who, in the absence of a written charge, was released within twenty-four hours.

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. P. 384)

_________________

repentance - покаяние, сожаление, раскаяние

halberdier - ист. алебардщик

gown - мантия (судьи, преподавателя университета)

ermine - горностай, мех горностая

Task 4. Read and translate the text below.

"Accused, take the oath!" said President Séguier, unfolding a sheet of paper which a clerk on his knees had handed him.

Angélique closed her eyes. Joffrey was going to speak. She expected his voice to be broken, feeble, as did all the spectators apparently, for when the deep, clear voice rang out, there was a stir of surprise. Shaken to the core, Angélique recognized the alluring voice which had murmured so many words of love to her on hot nights in Toulouse.

"I swear to speak the whole truth. I know, however, gentlemen, that the law authorizes me to challenge the competence of this court for, in my capacity as a maître des requêtes and a member of Parliament, I maintain that I must be tried by the Grand Court of Parliament. ..."

The Grand Master of Justice seemed to hesitate, then said with some haste:

"The law does not permit of restrictive oaths: just swear, and the court will then be empowered to try you. If you do not take the oath, you will be tried as standing mute of malice, that is to say as if you were absent."

"I see, Monsieur le Président, that the dice are loaded. That is why, to facilitate your task, I relinquish the advantage of resorting to legal technicalities. Instead, I shall put my trust in this court's spirit of justice and I confirm my oath." < ... >

After the not very dignified departure of Séguier, the Attorney-General, Denis Talon, tall, lean and solemn, climbed into the pulpit and broke the seals of a large envelope. In an acid voice, he set about reading the "charges, or bill of indictment":

"Sieur Joffrey de Peyrac, who has already forfeited his rights to all his titles and possessions by judgment in the King's Privy Council, has been handed over to this court of justice to be tried for acts of witchcraft and magic and other acts offending both religion and the security of State and Church by practising the alchemistic manufacture of precious metals. For all these deeds and other kindred ones which the case for the prosecution holds against him, I demand that he and any possible accomplices be burned at the stake on the Place de Grève, and their ashes scattered, as is fit for magicians convicted of dealing with the devil. I demand further that he be previously subjected to the ordinary and extraordinary question so that he will reveal his other accomplices. ..."

The blood throbbed so loudly in Angélique's ears that she could not hear the end of the reading. She recovered her senses when the ringing voice of the accused sounded for the second time:

"I swear that all this is false and biased, and that I am in a position to prove it here and now to all men of good faith."

The royal prosecutor compressed his narrow lips and folded his paper, as if the rest of the ceremony did not concern him. He, in turn, made as if to withdraw, when defending counsel Desgrez sprang up and cried:

"Gentlemen of the Court, the King and you yourselves have done me the great honour of appointing me to defend the accused. I therefore take the liberty of putting a question to you before the departure of the Attorney-General: how is it that the bill of indictment was drawn up beforehand and thus presented ready and even sealed, when nothing of the sort is provided for by lawful procedure?"

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. Pp. 404-406)

___________________

dice - pl. игральные кости (sing. die)

to load the dice against smb - жульничать, ставить к-л. в невыгодное положение

to relinquish - юр. отказаться (от права), уступить

to resort to legal technicalities - зд. прибегать к юридическим формальностям

attorney general - 1) брит. представитель государства в суде, главный юрисконсульт правительства; 2) (A. G.) амер. министр юстиции США; генеральный прокурор штата

pulpit - кафедра (проповедника и т.п.)

maître des requêtes - зд. судья с особыми полномочиями

bill of indictment - обвинительный акт для предварительного предъявления присяжным

to hand up / issue / present / return an indictment - предъявить обвинительный акт

to quash an indictment - аннулировать обвинительный акт

to forfeit - юр. лишиться в результате конфискации; потерять право (на что-л.)

to scatter ashes - зд. развеять прах

biased - необъективный, предвзятый

Answer the following questions:

1. Why did Joffrey de Peyrac think that he was to be tried by the Grand Court of Parliament?

2. Did the law permit of restrictive oaths (according to the Grand Master of Justice)?

3. Did the Grand Master of Justice threaten Joffrey de Peyrac that he would be tried as standing mute of malice if he did not take the oath?

4. What does it mean 'to be tried as standing mute of malice'?

5. Had Joffrey de Peyrac forfeited his rights to all his titles and possessions by judgment in the King's Privy Council before the trial?

6. What were the charges against Joffrey de Peyrac?

7. Did the defending counsel consider it legal that the bill of indictment had been drawn up before the trial and presented ready and even sealed?

8. What was Angélique's reaction to the bill of indictment?

Task 5. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and word combinations from the text above:

1) Подсудимый, примите присягу! Закон не разрешает присягу с оговорками. Просто примите присягу, и суд будет вправе судить Вас. 2) Я клянусь говорить правду, и только правду. 3) В качестве члена парламента и судьи с особыми полномочиями я полагаю, что меня может судить только Большой Суд Парламента. 4) Если Вы не примите присягу, то Вас будут судить, как если бы Вы отказались отвечать на вопросы суда. 5) Чтобы облечить Вам задачу, я не буду прибегать к юридическим формальностям и подтверждаю свою присягу. 6) Кислым голосом он начал читать обвинительное заключение. 7) Решением королевского совета сэр Жоффре де Пейрак лишен всего своего имущества и титулов, и его будут судить за колдовство и магию, а также другие деяния, оскорбляющие Церковь и наносящие вред безопасности государства, в том числе получение драгоценных металлов алхимическими способами.

8) За все злодеяния, перечисленные в обвинительном заключении, я требую, чтобы Жоффре де Пейрак и его сообщники были сожжены живьем, а их прах развеян на все четыре стороны, как и должно быть с колдунами, связавшимися с дьяволом. 9) Как такое возможно, что обвинительное заключение было составлено заранее, представлено нам в готовом виде и даже запечатанным, при том, что ничего подобного не предусмотрено законом?

Task 6.Complete the sentences with the words and word combinations from the table:

(a)

for the prosecution; the terms of the indictment; to speak the whole truth; charged with

(1) Order returned to the court-room. On his part, Maître Desgrez contented himself with adding that he accepted ... on the understanding that his client be tried strictly on that basis. After a few words exchanged in an undertone, agreement was reached.

(2) President Massenau promptly proceeded to question the prisoner.

"Do you admit the acts of witchcraft and magic that you are ... ?"

"I deny them one and all!"

"You have no right to. You will have to answer each question contained in the case ... . Besides, this is in your own interest since there are points which cannot be denied and which you had better admit, since you have sworn ... . Thus, do you admit having manufactured poisons?"

"I admit that I occasionally manufactured chemical products, some of which would be harmful if consumed. But in fact I never meant them to be consumed, or sold, nor did I use them to poison anyone."

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. Pp. 406-407)

(b)

to take the oath; at the trial; to try; indictment; accused (2); for the prosecution; counsel for the defence; be tried

(1) The Comte refused ________, for the Chamber of Justice, he said, was incompetent in his eyes to try a member of parliament of Toulouse, the Grand Chamber of the Paris Parliament being the only court entitled _________ a former maître des requêtes, or Special Magistrate, of a provincial parliament. (там же, с.384)

(2) Judicial custom says that a lawyer's assistance can only be denied to a man who is _________ of the crime of high treason. Such a charge is, after all, difficult to uphold in the present case. (там же, с.386)

(3) "The relevant document has only just been added to the case _________ and is supposed to constitute evidence of capital importance." <...>

"But surely, since the case is going to be heard, you, as counsel for the defence, must have cognizance of the details of the bills of __________ ?" (там же, с.385-386)

(4) The chief president of the Chamber of Justice , Séguier, has just appointed me as ... of Monsieur de Peyrac, __________ of witchcraft. (там же, с.386)

(5) "Your husband has been tranferred to the prison of the law courts."

"What does that mean?"

"That he will _________ soon." (там же, с.395)

(6) "Do you know what these sheets represent that you see scattered over the floor?"

"No, I don't."

"The speech of Maître Desgrez, defending counsel, which he will make __________ of Monsieur de Peyrac, accused of witchcraft, which will come up for hearing at the law court assizes on the 20th January, 1661." (там же, с.396)

Task 7. Read and translate the text below.

Had the jury been out for a few minutes or several hours?

It seemed to Angélique that the judges had never moved, that they'd always been there with their square caps and their red and black robes, that they would stay there for all eternity. But now they were standing. President Massenau's lips were moving. They were articulating, in a trembling voice:

"I require for the King that Joffrey de Peyrac de Morens be declared guilty and convicted of the crimes of abduction, enticement, impiety, magic, witchcraft and other abominations mentioned at this trial, and in reparation of which he shall be delivered into the hands of the executioner of high justice, taken and led to the square of Notre Dame, shall there ask pardon of God, bare-headed and barefoot, with a rope around his neck and a fifteen-pound taper in his hand. Whereupon he shall be taken to the Place de Grève, tied to a stake set up for this purpose and burned alive until his body and bones be consumed and reduced to ashes, which then be dispersed and scattered to the four winds. And each and all of his possessions shall be forfeited to and confiscated by the King. And, before being executed, he shall be subjected to the question ordinary and extraordinary. I require that the Saxon Fritz Hauer be declared his accomplice and, in reparation, be sentenced to be hanged and strangled until death ensues, on a gallows to be set up for this purpose on the Place de Grève. I require that the Moor Kouassi-Ba be declared his accomplice and, in reparation, be sentenced to the galleys for life."

By the bench of infamy, the tall figure, supported on crutches, was swaying. Joffrey de Peyrac raised a ghastly face towards the Court.

"I am innocent!"

His shout echoed in a deathlike silence.

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. Pp. 447-448)

____________________

abduction - похищение (женщин, детей)

enticement - соблазнение

impiety - неверие, нечестивость, непочтительность

abomination - мерзость, гадость

reparation - возмещение, искупление

executioner - палач

to execute sb - казнить кого-л.

to set up a stake - ист. установить столб (к которому привязывали осужденного к сожжению)

to consume - уничтожать, истреблять (обыкн об огне)

to disperse - развеивать, рассеивать

to scatter to the four winds - развеять на все четыре стороны

to forfeit - юр. лишиться в результате конфискации; потерять право (на что-л.)

to ensue - 1) получаться в результате, происходить (из-за чего-л.); 2) последовательно происходить

gallows pl. - виселица (to be sent to the gallows - быть приговоренным к смертной казни через повешение)

galley - ист. галера (to send / to condemn to the galleys - послать на галеры / на каторжные работы)

infamy - бесчестье, позор, дурная слова, скандальная репутация

Answer the following questions to the text above:

1) What crimes was Joffrey de Peyrac de Morens convicted of?

2) What was his sentence?

3) Why were all his possessions forfeited to and confiscated by the King?

3) What was the Saxon Fritz Hauer sentenced to?

4) What was the Moor Kouassi-Ba sentenced to?

5) Did Joffrey de Peyrac admit his guilt?

Task 8. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and word combinations from the text above:

1) От имени короля я объявляю Жоффре де Пейрака де Морена виновным в совершении таких преступлений как похищение людей, соблазнение женщин, нечестивость, колдовство, а также в совершении других мерзопакостных деяний, о которых упоминалось во время данного судебного заседания. 2) Во искупление своих преступлений он должен быть передан в руки палача, препровожден на площадь перед Нотр-дамским собором, босой, с непокрытой головой и с веревкой на шее. 3) Во искупление своих преступлений он должен быть привязан к столбу, установленному специально для этой цели, и сожжен живым, его тело должно быть уничтожено огнем, а его прах развеян на все четыре стороны. 4) Он лишается прав на все свое имущество, и оно конфискуется Королем. 5) Фриц Хауэр объявляется его сообщником и во искупление своих грехов приговаривается к повешению на виселице, которая будет установлена специально для этой цели на площади де Грэв. 6) Мавр Куасси-Ба объявляется его сообщником и во искупление своих грехов приговаривается к отправке на галеры пожизненно.

Which of the tortures listed below exist nowadays? Give other examples of punishment and tortures of the past.

One would be wrong to think that a hangman's office was a simple one. The variety of methods employed to wrest confessions from patients had turned it into a difficult trade. There was no lack of work for young Rope-round -the-neck, no fear! He had to learn to sever a head with a single stroke of the sword or the axe, to handle the hot iron, pierce the tongue, hang, drown, break on the wheel, and know how to apply the tortures of quartering, water, the boot and the strappado.

(After Sergeanne Golon. Angélique. Pp. 376-377)

UNIT 2

Rage of Angels

(after Sidney Sheldon)

Useful Words and Expressions for Speech Practice

accused - обвиняемый to accuse of -обвинять в чем-либо robbery - ограбление robber - грабитель witness - свидетель federal offence - федеральное преступление innocent - невиновный guilty - виновный preliminary hearing - предварительное слушание judge - судья to steal - красть prosecutor - обвинитель to plead - отвечать на обвинение, защищать defendant - ответчик, подсудимый arraignment - предъявление обвинения trial - судебный процесс evidence - улика, свидетельские показания to commit a crime - совершить преступление to convict - осуждать

attorney - юрист, адвокат, поверенный court - суд tort - гражданское правонарушение, деликт to take the bar examination - сдавать экзамен на звание юриста disbarment - лишение права адвокатской практики court proceeding - судебное заседание criminal complicity - соучастие в преступлении crime connection - преступная связь to deny one's guilt - отрицать свою вину cross-examination - перекрестный допрос to recess - делать перерыв в заседании to be acquitted - быть оправданным courtroom - зал суда to win the case - выиграть дело juror - присяжный law practice - юридическая практика to prosecute - поддерживать обвинение will - завещание

Task 1. Read and translate the text below.

The Rainy Day Robber case brought Jennifer new headlines. The accused man had been called to her attention by Father Ryan.

"A friend of mine has a bit of a problem," he began, and they both burst out laughing.

The friend turned out to be Paul Richards, a transient, accused of robbing a bank of a hundred and fifty thousand dollars. A robber had walked into the bank wearing a long black raincoat, under which was hidden a sawn-off shotgun. The collar of the raincoat was raised so that his face was partially hidden. Once inside the bank, the man had brandished the shotgun and forced a teller to hand over all his available cash. The robber had then fled in a waiting automobile. Several witnesses had seen the getaway car, a green sedan, but the licence number had been covered with mud.

Since bank robberies were a federal offence, the FBI had entered the case. They had put the modus operandi into a central computer and it had come up with the name of Paul Richards.

Jennifer went to visit him at Riker's Island.

"I swear to God I didn't do it," Paul Richards said. He was in his fifties, a red-faced man with cherubic blue eyes, too old to be running around pulling bank robberies.

"I don't care whether you're innocent or guilty," Jennifer explained, "but I have one rule. I won't represent a client who lies to me."

"I swear on my mother's life I didn't do it."

Oaths had ceased to impress Jennifer long ago. Clients had sworn their innocence to her on the lives of their mothers, wives, sweethearts and children. If God had taken those oaths seriously, there would have been a serious decline in the population.

The preliminary hearing was before Judge Fred Stevens, a strict disciplinarian. It was rumoured that he was in favour of shipping all criminals off to some inaccessible island where they would stay for the rest of their lives. Judge Stevens believed that anyone caught stealing for the first time should have his right hand chopped off, and if caught again, should have his left hand chopped off, in ancient Islamic tradition. He was the worst judge Jennifer could have asked for. She sent for Ken Bailey.

"Ken, I want you to dig up everything you can on Judge Stevens."

"Judge Stevens? He's as straight as an arrow. He — "

"I know he is. Do it, please."

The federal prosecutor who was handling the case was an old pro named Carter Gifford.

"How are you going to plead him?" Gifford asked.

Jennifer gave him a look of innocent surprise. "Not guilty, of course."

He laughed sardonically. "Judge Stevens will get a kick out of that. I suppose you're going to move for a jury trial."

"No."

Gifford studied Jennifer suspiciously. "You mean you're going to put your client in the hands of the hanging judge?"

"That's right."

Gifford grinned. "I knew you'd go around the bend one day, Jennifer. I can't wait to see this."

"The United States of America versus Paul Richards. Is the defendant present?"

The court clerk said, "Yes, Your Honour."

"Would the attorneys please approach the bench and identify themselves?"

Jennifer and Carter Gifford moved towards Judge Stevens.

"Jennifer Parker representing the defendant."

"Carter Gifford representing the United States Government."

Judge Stevens turned to Jennifer and said brusquely, "I'm aware of your reputation, Miss Parker. So I'm going to tell you right now that I do not intend to waste this court's time. I will brook no delays in this case. I want to get on with this preliminary hearing and get the arraignment over with. I intend to set a trial date as speedily as possible. I presume you will want a jury trial and — "

"No. Your Honour."

Judge Stevens looked at her in surprise. "You're not asking for a jury trial?"

"I am not. Because I don't think there's going to be an arraignment."

Carter Gifford was staring at her. "What?"

"In my opinion, you don't have enough evidence to bring my client to trial."

Carter Gifford snapped, "You need another opinion!" He turned to Judge Stevens. "Your Honour, the government has a very strong case. The defendant has already been convicted of committing exactly the same crime in exactly the same manner. Our computer picked him out of over two thousand possible suspects. We have the guilty man right here in this courtroom, and the prosecution has no intention of dropping the case against him."

Judge Stevens turned to Jennifer. "It seems to the court that there is enough prima facie evidence here to have an arraignment and a trial. Do you have anything more to say?"

"I do, Your Honour. There is not one single witness who can positively identify Paul Richards. The FBI has been unable to find any of the stolen money. In fact, the only thing that links the defendant to this crime is the imagination of the prosecutor."

Answer the following questions:

1. Why was Paul Richards accused of bank robbery?

2. Why had the FBI entered the case?

3. Why didn’t Jennifer want a jury trial?

4. How did she win the case?

Task 2. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents:

1. accused 2. federal offence 3. innocent 4. guilty 5. preliminary hearing 6. federal prosecutor 7. to plead 8. to commit a crime 9. bailiff

a) предварительное слушание b) виновный c) невиновный d) совершать преступление e) обвиняемый f) федеральное преступление g) федеральный обвинитель h) судебный пристав i) отвечать на обвинение, защищать

Task 3. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and word combinations from the text above:

1) Ограбление банка – это федеральное преступление. 2) Ее клиента обвинили в убийстве. 3) Судебный пристав отвечает за порядок в зале суда. 4) Он был осужден за совершение такого же преступления 10 лет назад. 5) Адвокат встретился с обвиняемым. 6) Свидетелями ограбления были двое прохожих. 7) Ей было все равно, виновен ее клиент или нет. 8) Предварительное слушание состоится в четверг. 9) Судья был сторонником древней традиции, по которой преступнику, пойманному за воровство, отрубали руку. 10) Прокурор спросил, собирается ли ее клиент признать себя виновным. 11) По мнению адвоката, у суда нет достаточно доказательств для признания его клиента виновным.

Task 4. Complete the sentences with the words and word combinations from the table.

accused of robbing a bank; of dropping the case against him; suspects; federal prosecutor; attorneys; witnesses; the defendant; the preliminary hearing; the accused; enough evidence; representing; innocent or guilty; federal offence; guilty man; convicted of committing exactly the same crime; a jury trial; plead him.

(1) ___________man had been called to her attention by Father Ryan.

(2) The friend turned out to be Paul Richards, a transient, _________________of a hundred and fifty thousand dollars.

(3) Several __________had seen the getaway car.

(4) Since bank robberies were a_________________, the FBI had entered the case.

(5) I don't care whether you're___________________.

(6) ___________________was before Judge Fred Stevens.

(7) The ________________who was handling the case was an old pro named Carter Gifford.

(8) How are you going to_______________?

(9) I suppose you're going to move for______________.

(10) Would the ___________please approach the bench and identify themselves?

(11) Jennifer Parker is representing_______________________.

(12) Carter Gifford is representing the United States Government.

(13) In my opinion, you don't have _______________to bring my client to trial.

(14) The defendant has already been _________________in exactly the same manner.

(15) Our computer picked him out of over two thousand possible ____________.

(16) We have the ___________right here in this courtroom, and the prosecution has no intention_____________________.

Task 5. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents:

(a)

1. attorney 2. court 3. law school 4. lawsuits and wills 5. to study law 6. tort 7. District Attorney 8. to take the bar examination 9. to pass the bar examination

(a) окружной прокурор (b) юридический институт (c) суд (d) сдать экзамен на звание юриста (e) юрист, адвокат, поверенный, прокурор (f) сдавать экзамен на звание юриста (g) гражданское правонарушение, деликт (h) изучать право (i) судебные разбирательства и завещания

(b)

1. law practice 2. Disciplinary Committee of the Bar Association 3. judge 4. illegally 5. disbarment 6. court proceeding 7. crime connection 8. criminal complicity 9. to deny one’s guilt

(a) отрицать свою вину (b) судья (c) юридическая практика (d) судебное заседание (e) соучастие в преступлении (f) преступная связь (g) незаконно (h) лишение права адвокатской практики (i) Дисциплинарный Комитет Коллегии адвокатов

(c)

1. courtroom 2. cross-examination 3. jury 4. juror 5. to recess 6. witness 7. criminal law

(a) суд присяжных (b) зал суда (c) присяжный (d) свидетель (e) уголовное право (f) перекрестный допрос (g) делать перерыв в заседании

(d)

1. American College of Trial Lawyers 2. defendant 3. to prosecute 4. witness for the prosecution 5. duty 6. to win the case 7. to be acquitted

(a) Американский Колледж Уголовного Права (b) быть оправданным (c) обязанность, долг (d) выиграть дело (e) обвиняемый, ответчик (f) свидетель обвинения (g) поддерживать обвинение

Task 6.Complete the sentences with the words and word combinations from the table.

(a)

contracts, torts, property, civil procedure and criminal law; to take the bar examination; had passed the New York bar examination; to study law; courthouse

(1) When she was graduated she enrolled at the University of Washington in Seattle _______.

(2) During the first year of school, while Jennifer's classmates were flailing about in an impenetrable swamp of­___________, Jennifer felt as though she had come home.

(3) She flew to New York___________, and returned to Kelso to close her father's law office.

4) She got a job as an assistant in the Law Library of the university to tide her over until she heard whether she ____________.

5) After school Jennifer would hurry over to the ________ to watch her father at work

(b)

recommend disbarment proceedings; found guilty; crime connections; lawyers; transcript of the court proceedings; prosecuted the case.

(1) There were a hundred and twenty-five _________ in the firm.

(2) Just make a quick check, verify that this Parker girl behaved illegally or unethically, and then ___________.

(3) Later that afternoon Adam Warner was studying the _________ in the case of The People of New York v. Michael Moretti.

(4) When Adam was through reading the transcript, there was no doubt in his mind that Michael Moretti would have been __________by the jury if fate had not intervened in the form of Jennifer Parker.

(5) Di Silva had __________ flawlessly.

(6) As far as he could determine, she had no_________, nor was there anything to link her with Michael Moretti.

(c)

cross-examinations; courtroom; preparing each case; the leader of a jury; witness on the stand; the trial; practising criminal law

(1) The _______________was where Jennifer escaped from her own private pain.

(2) Jennifer's _________________became theatrical events.

(3) She learned to recognize _______________and to concentrate on him, knowing he could swing the others into line.

(4) Jennifer spent endless hours______________.

(5) Most cases are won or lost before _____________ begins.

(6) When a ____________ was lying, there would be telltale gestures.

(7) Jennifer discovered that being a woman was a disadvantage when it came to _________.

(d)

legal talent; prosecute the case; defendant is vindicated; lawyers; represented a defendant; won the case; American College of Trial Lawyers; defending a client; a dozen top experts on the stand as witnesses for the prosecution; trial; justice is done.

(1) Corporations that came up against Jennifer no longer sent in their second string of _________, so Jennifer found herself pitted against some of the top ________ of the world.

(2) She was admitted into the ___________.

(3) When Jennifer _______________ in Manhattan, she could be certain that Robert Di Silva would either __________ personally or mastermind it.

(4) During one _____________ in which Jennifer was pitted against the District Attorney, Di Silva put ___________.

(5) Jennifer ______________.

(6) This ploy worked beautifully for Jennifer until one day when she was ___________ against Robert Di Silva.

(7) I'm asking you, ladies and gentlemen, to remember where you are, to remember that all of us are here to see that ____________ and that the _________.

Task 7. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and word combinations from the text above:

(1) После школы Дженнифер спешила в здание суда, чтобы посмотреть на то, как работает ее отец. (2) Я получил письмо из окружной прокуратуры Манхэттена. (3) Она полетела в Нью-Йорк, чтобы сдать экзамен на звание юриста. (4) Она получила письмо о том, что сдала экзамен на звание юриста. (5) Она была погружена в судебные разбирательства и завещания. (6) Мой отец был адвокатом. (7) После окончания школы она поступила в университет, чтобы изучать право. (8) Он устроился на работу в юридическую библиотеку. (9) Во время обучения на юридическом факультете мы изучали уголовное, гражданское, семейное право и многое другое. (10) Моего друга лишили права заниматься адвокатской практикой. (11) Против нее нет никаких веских доказательств. (12) Насколько я знаю, у нее нет преступных связей. (13) У нас нет информации, которая докажет ее соучастие в преступлении. (14) Она отрицает свою вину. (15) Присяжные обязательно признают его виновным. (16) Прокурор безупречно подготовил обвинение. (17) В нашей фирме работают свыше 200 юристов. (18) Он поступил неэтично и незаконно. (19) Обычно суд делает перерыв в заседании в 3 часа. (20) Суд присяжных обычно состоит из 12 присяжных заседателей. (21) Адвокат и обвинитель проводят перекрестный допрос свидетеля. (22) Она занимается уголовным правом. (23) Большинство дел выигрывают или проигрывают до начала судебного процесса. (24) Она всегда понимает, когда свидетель врет. (25) Он тратит много времени на подготовку к каждому делу. (26) В зале заседаний было много людей. (27) Ее приняли в Американский Колледж Уголовного Права. (28) Обвиняемый был оправдан. (29) Адвокат выиграл дело. (30) Свидетелем обвинения был сестра подсудимого. (31) Она представляла обвиняемого в суде. (32) Прокурор пригласил экспертов в качестве свидетелей обвинения. (33) Де Сильва будет представлять обвинение в суде.

UNIT 3