VIII. Retell the information of the text “Overhead crane”.

TEXT III

Truck-Mounted Crane

I. Read and translate the text using the words given below:

A crane mounted on a truck carrier provides the mobility for this type of crane. This crane has two parts: the carrier, often referred to as the Lower, and the lifting component which includes the boom, referred to as the Upper. These are mated together through a turntable, allowing the upper to swing from side to side. These modern hydraulic truck cranes are usually single-engine machines, with the same engine powering the undercarriage and the crane. The upper is usually powered via hydraulics run through the turntable from the pump mounted on the lower. In older model designs of hydraulic truck cranes, there were two engines. One in the lower pulled the crane down the road and ran a hydraulic pump for the outriggers and jacks. The one in the upper ran the upper through a hydraulic pump of its own. Many older operators favor the two-engine system due to leaking seals in the turntable of aging newer design cranes.

Generally, these cranes are able to travel on highways, eliminating the need for special equipment to transport the crane unless weight or other size constrictions are in place such as local laws. If this is the case, most larger cranes are equipped with either special trailers to help spread the load over more axles or are able to disassemble to meet requirements. An example is counterweights. Often a crane will be followed by another truck hauling the counterweights that are removed for travel. In addition some cranes are able to remove the entire upper. However, this is usually only an issue in a large crane and mostly done with a conventional crane such as a Link-Belt HC-238. When working on the job site, outriggers are extended horizontally from the chassis then vertically to level and stabilize the crane while stationary and hoisting. Many truck cranes have slow-travelling capability (a few miles per hour) while suspending a load. Great care must be taken not to swing the load sideways from the direction of travel, as most anti-tipping stability then lies in the stiffness of the chassis suspension. Most cranes of this type also have moving counterweights for stabilization beyond that provided by the outriggers. Loads suspended directly aft are the most stable, since most of the weight of the crane acts as a counterweight. Factory-calculated charts (or electronic safeguards) are used by crane operators to determine the maximum safe loads for stationary (outriggered) work as well as (on-rubber) loads and travelling speeds.

Truck cranes range in lifting capacity from about 14.5 short tons (12.9 long tons; 13.2 t) to about 1,300 short tons (1,161 long tons; 1,179 t).

II. Learn the vocabulary to the text:

Truck-mounted crane- автокран, автомобильный кран

Truck-carrier- грузовик-перевозчик(носитель)

Lifting- подъём, поднимание

Turntable- поворотный круг

Undercarriage – шасси

Pump – насос, помпа

Jacks – лебёдка, домкрат

Trailers – aвтоприцеп, трейлер

Counterweights – противовес

Lower – нижняя часть автокрана

Upper- верхняя часть автокрана

Jobsite- рабочая площадка

Hoisting- подъемник (подъемный)

Slow-travelling- медленная грузоподъёмность

Anti-tipping- анти- опрокидывание

Lifting capacity –грузоподъёмность

III. Make up your own sentences using the words from the vocabulary of the text.

IV. Give the Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:

provide the mobility, via hydraulics, the outriggers, for stabilization beyond, are mated together, to meet requirements, hauling the counterweights, Jacks, Slow-travelling, Truck-carrier, Lifting capacity.

V. Make up the questions of all types to the information of the text.

VI. Retell the information of the text “Truck-mounted crane”.

TEXT IV

Hammerhead Crane

Fig.10

I. Read and translate the text using the words given below:

The "hammerhead", or giant cantilever, crane (Fig.10) is a fixed-jib crane consisting of a steel-braced tower on which revolves a large, horizontal, double cantilever; the forward part of this cantilever or jib carries the lifting trolley, the jib is extended backwards in order to form a support for the machinery and counterbalancing weight. In addition to the motions of lifting and revolving, there is provided a so-called "racking" motion, by which the lifting trolley, with the load suspended, can be moved in and out along the jib without altering the level of the load. Such horizontal movement of the load is a marked feature of later crane design. These cranes are generally constructed in large sizes and can weigh up to 350 tons.

The design of hammerkran evolved first in Germany around the turn of the 19th century and was adopted and developed for use in British shipyards to support the battleship construction program from 1904 to 1914. The ability of the hammerhead crane to lift heavy weights was useful for installing large pieces of battleships such as armor plate and gun barrels. Giant cantilever cranes were also installed in naval shipyards in Japan and in the United States. The British government also installed a giant cantilever crane at the Singapore Naval Base (1938) and later a copy of the crane was installed at Garden Island Naval Dockyard in Sydney (1951). These cranes provided repair support for the battle fleet operating far from Great Britain.

In the British Empire, the engineering firm Sir William Arrol& Co Ltd was the principal manufacturer of giant cantilever cranes; the company built a total of fourteen. Among the sixty built in the world, few remain; seven in England and Scotland of about fifteen worldwide.

The Titan Clydebank is one of the 4 Scottish cranes on the Clydebank and preserved as a tourist attraction.

II. Learn the vocabulary to the text:

Hammerhead crane- поворотный кран с уравновешенной стрелой

Giant cantilever – огромный кран-балка

Fixed-jib – с неподвижной стрелой

Trolley – тележка крана

Battleship – линкор, броненосец

Armor plate – бронеплита

Gun barrel – бак-сепаратор

III. Give the English equivalents to the following word combinations:

Передняя часть, образовать поддержку, в добавление к, так называемый, без изменения уровня груза, горизонтальное движение, поддерживать программу строительства броненосцев, поднимать тяжёлый вес, копия крана, достопримечательность.

IV. Give the Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:

Steel-braced tower, the forward part of the cantilever, counterbalancing weight, marked feature, to evolve, installing large pieces of battleships, naval shipyard, naval dockyard, repair support, the principal manufacturer, worldwide.