Find the proper definition
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 1
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 2.
3. Speak about safety at the working place.
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 2
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 3.
2. Text 4.
3. Describe the graph (rock cycle)
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 3
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 4.
3. Speak about your future profession
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 4
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 2.
2. Text 4.
3. Speak about mining process.
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 5
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 3.
3. Speak about safety at the working place
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 6
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 2.
2. Text 3.
3. Speak about mining process
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 7
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 2.
3. Speak about your future profession
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 8
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 3.
2. Text 4.
3. Describe the graph (rock cycle)
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 9
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 4.
3. Speak about your future profession
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 10
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 2.
2. Text 4.
3. Speak about safety at the working place
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 11
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 1.
2. Text 3.
3. Speak about mining process
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАН БИЛЕТІ № 12
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
1. Text 2.
2. Text 3.
3. Speak about safety at the working place.
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
«Шет тілдері» кафедрасының отырысында қарастырылған және бекітілген.
Хаттама № ____________
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАНДЫҚ МӘТІН (№ 1 нұсқа)
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
THE EARTH’S MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
The Earth’s radius is about 6370 kilometers. If you could drive a magical vehicle from the center of the Earth to the surface at 100 kilometers per hour, the journey would take more than two and a half days. Most of the Earth is composed of rocks. Rocks outcrops form some of our planet’s most spectacular scenery: white chalk cliffs, pink sandstone arches, and the gray granite of Yosemite Valley. Rocks, in turn, are composed of minerals. Although more than 3500 different minerals exist, fewer than a dozen are common.
Geologists study the origins, properties, and compositions of both rocks and minerals. Geologists also explore the Earth for the resources needed in our technological world: fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas; mineral recourses such as metals; sand and gravel; and fertilizers. Some search for water in reservoirs beneath Earth’s surface. Processes that originate deep in the Earth’s interior are called internal processes. These are the driving forces that raise mountains, cause earthquakes, and produce volcanic eruptions. Surface processes are all of those processes that sculpt the Earth’s surface. Most surface processes are driven by water, although wind, ice and gravity are also significant. The hydrosphere includes water in streams, wetlands, lakes, and oceans; in the atmosphere and frozen in glaciers. It also includes ground water present in soil and rock to a depth of at least 2 kilometers. The atmosphere is a mixture of gases, mostly nitrogen and oxygen. It is held to the Earth by gravity and thins rapidly with altitude. A brief look at our neighbors in space reminds us that the interactions among air, rock and life affect atmospheric composition, temperature, and movement. The solid Earth, Venus and Mars are approximately identical in composition. Yet the three planets have radically different atmospheres and climates. The biosphere is the thin zone near the Earth’s surface that is inhabited by life. It includes the uppermost solid Earth, the hydrosphere, and the lower parts of the atmosphere.
1. Find the proper definition
| 1. composition | A- the watery part of the earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, water vapor in the atmosphere, etc |
| 2. earthquake | B- the part of the earth's surface and atmosphere inhabited by living things |
| 3. hydrosphere | C- a sudden release of energy in the earth's crust, usually caused by volcanic activity |
| 4. biosphere | D- an opening in the earth's crust from which molten lava, rock fragments, ashes, dust, and gases are ejected from below the earth's surface |
| 5. volcano | E-proportions of the elements comprising a chemical compound |
2. Mark the statements “True” or “False”
| 1. The atmosphere is a mixture of gases, mostly hydrogen and oxygen. |
| 2. The solid Earth, Venus and Mars are approximately identical in composition. |
| 3. Most of the Earth is composed of rocks. |
| 4. Processes that originate deep in the Earth’s interior are called surface processes. |
| 5. The hydrosphere is the thin zone near the Earth’s surface that is inhabited by life. |
3. Match the beginnings of sentences to the endings
| 1. If you could drive a magical vehicle from the center of the Earth to the surface at 100 kilometers per hour, | A- the interactions among air, rock and life affect atmospheric composition, temperature, and movement. |
| 2. Processes that originate deep in the Earth’s interior | B- needed in our technological world |
| 3. A brief look at our neighbors in space reminds us that | C- the journey would take more than two and a half days. |
| 4. Surface processes are all of those processes | D- are called internal processes. |
| 5. Geologists also explore the Earth for the resources | E- that sculpt the Earth’s surface. |
4. Complete the text with the words given below
Geologists study the origins, properties, and compositions of both rocks and minerals. Processes that 1 _____ deep in the Earth’s 2 _____ are called internal processes. These are the driving forces that raise mountains, cause earthquakes, and produce volcanic eruptions. 3 _____ processes are all of those processes that sculpt the Earth’s surface. Most surface processes are driven by water, although wind, ice and gravity are also significant. The 4 _____ includes water in streams, wetlands, lakes, and oceans; in the atmosphere and frozen in glaciers. The atmosphere is a mixture of gases, mostly nitrogen and oxygen. It is held to the Earth by 5 _____ and thins rapidly with altitude. The biosphere is the thin zone near the Earth’s surface that is inhabited by life.
A- surface
B- gravity
C- originate
D- hydrosphere
E- interior
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАНДЫҚ МӘТІН (№ 2 нұсқа)
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
ROCK GEOLOGY
Rock geology is the science that studies the solid matter of the Earth. It analyzes different physical properties between the various types of rock, what the composition of the rocks is and how the rocks became located in their position. This study is essential to understanding the history of the planet as well as how it formed to its present condition. In industry, rock geology is essential in determining safety in engineering, mitigating the problems associated with building on new surfaces.
The first geologist is believed to be ancient Greek scholar Theophrastus. He published a book, On Stones, in the third century BC. Through his work, he influenced a number of natural philosophers that would ultimately become the principles of geology in the Renaissance.
In 1785, James Hutton introduced the modern theories of rock geology in a paper for the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He formulated a theory that mountains eroded over time and turned into sediments. Hutton determined that rocks could inform humanity about the true age of the Earth. According to rock geologists, rocks are organized into three types: sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic. The type is determined by how the rock originally formed.
Rock geology relies heavily on field work. Geological mapping allows a geologist to formulate a theory on the full structure and location of different rock formations. This helps determine the level and process of erosion as well as locations of possible archaeological remains. Various methods of identification of the rocks are conducted including seismic tests and physical analysis.
1. Find the proper definition
| 1. rock geology | A- the action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something |
| 2. mitigation | B- the study of the composition, origin, structure, and formation of rocks |
| 3. influence | C- the science that studies the solid matter of the Earth |
| 4.determination | D- means to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something |
| 5. petrology | E- the process of establishing something exactly by calculation or research |
2. Mark the sentences “True” or “False”
| 1. Rock geology is the science that studies the solid matter of the Earth. |
| 2. Rock geology doesn’t analyze different physical properties between the various types of rock, what the composition of the rocks is and how the rocks became located in their position. |
| 3. Rock geology is not essential to understanding the history of the planet as well as how it formed to its present condition. |
| 4. The first geologist is believed to be ancient Turkish scholar Theophrastus. He published a book, On Stones, in the third century BC. It held its authoritative stances into the early Middle Ages. |
| 5. In 1785, James Hutton introduced the modern theories of rock geology in a paper for the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He formulated a theory that mountains eroded over time and turned into sediments. |
3. Match the beginnings of sentences to their endings
| 1. Rock geology is the science that studies the solid matter of the Earth | A-to formulate a theory on the full structure and location of different rock formations. |
| 2. Rock geology analyzes | B- is the science that studies the solid matter of the Earth. |
| 3. The first geologist is believed to be | C- into three types: sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic. |
| 4. According to rock geologists, rocks are organized | D- different physical properties between the various types of rock, what the composition of the rocks are and how the rocks became located in their position. |
| 5. Geological mapping allows a geologist | E- ancient Greek scholar Theophrastus. |
4. Complete the text with the words given below
Rock geology is the science that studies the 1 ____ matter of the Earth. It analyzes different physical properties between the various types of rock, what the 2 _____ of the rocks is and how the rocks became located in their position. This study is essential to understanding the history of the planet as well as how it formed to its present condition. In industry, 3 _____ is essential in determining safety in engineering, mitigating the problems associated with building on new surfaces.
According to rock geologists, rocks are organized into three types: sedimentary, 4 _____ and metamorphic. The type is determined by how the rock originally formed. Rock geology relies heavily on field work. Geological mapping allows a geologist to formulate a theory on the full 5 _____ and location of different rock formations. This helps determine the level and process of erosion as well as locations of possible archaeological remains.
A- composition
B- igneous
C- structure
D- rock geology
E- solid
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАНДЫҚ МӘТІН (№ 3 нұсқа)
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
THE EARTH’S CRUST
Most mineral resources are derived from the Earth's crust. The crust is composed of minerals that are crystalline solids with specific and rather simple composition. Minerals in the Earth's crust are concentrated into specific groups which are called rocks. Two distinctly different types of crust are recognized: oceanic and continental. Since it is difficult to investigate the floor of the ocean the composition of the oceanic crust is not known completely.
Scientists say that it is relatively constant in composition. The oceanic floor consists largely of minerals rich in calcium, magnesium, iron and silicon. It is formed by cooling of lavas extruded on the sea floor to form a type of a rock called basalt. It is subjected to the same forces of erosion and weathering. The continental crust is more complicated and has a more variable thickness and a less well defined structure. It contains less iron and magnesium than the oceanic crust, but relatively more silicon, aluminium, sodium and potassium.
It is quite possible to say that the rock-forming processes which we can observe today have been active for at least 3,500 million years. The rocks of the Earth’s crust are divided into three main groups: 1) sedimentary rocks, which consist of fragments or particles of pre-existing rocks; 2) igneous rocks, which have been solidified from magma and metamorphic rocks; 3) metamorphic rocks which have been derived from either igneous or sedimentary rocks.
Sedimentary rocks represent one of the three major groups that make up the crust of the Earth. Most sedimentary rocks have originated by sedimentation. They are layered or stratified. Thus stratification is the most important characteristic of sediments and sedimentary rocks. It is necessary to note that the processes which lead to the formation of sedimentary rocks are going on around us. Sediments are formed at the very near surface of the Earth by the action of heat, water (rivers, glaciers, seas and lakes) and organisms.
Igneous rocks have been crystallized from solidified magma. Lava flows and hardens into massive homogenous rocks cooling on the surface in a short time. Igneous rock is generally compact and massive in structure. Igneous rocks are rich in minerals that are important economically or have great scientific value. Igneous rocks and their veins are rich in iron, zinc, nickel, and other ferrous metals. Minerals are defined as inorganic substances which occur naturally. Such rocks have a definite chemical composition and physical properties which vary within known limits. The major properties are colour, crystal form, hardness, cleavage and others.
Cleavage is one of the most diagnostically useful mineralogical properties which can be found throughout the mineral. Minerals to be useful for a man can be grouped into two broad categories: such as aluminium, copper, gold, silver, iron, tin, platinum, chromium, nickel, lead, and zinc and non-metallic minerals such as diamonds, salt, limestone, cement, sulphur and asbestos. Economic minerals are those which are of economic importance and include both metallic and non-metallic minerals. Most minerals consist of several elements. Such elements are oxygen, silicon, titanium, aluminium, iron, magnesium, calcium, potassium and hydrogen. They make up more that 99 per cent by weight of all the rock-forming minerals. Aluminium, iron and magnesium are industrial metals among these ones. The other metals are presented in small quantities, mostly in igneous rocks.
Activity 1. Match the terms with their definitions
| 1. crust | A-carry out research or study into (a subject or problem, typically one in a scientific or academic field) |
| 2. oxygen | B-denoting a process involving substances in the same phase (solid, liquid, or gaseous) |
| 3. lava | C-a colourless, odourless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air |
| 4. to investigate | D-hot molten or semi-fluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure, or solid rock resulting from cooling of this |
| 5. homogenous | E-the outermost layer of rock of which a planet consists, especially the part of the earth above the mantle |
Activity 2. Mark the statements “True” or “False” (ü)
| 1. Minerals are defined as organic substances which occur naturally. | ||
| 2. Minerals in the Earth's crust are concentrated into specific groups which are called rocks. | ||
| 3. Sedimentary rocks have been crystallized from solidified magma | ||
| 4. The oceanic floor consists largely of minerals rich in calcium, magnesium, iron and silicon. | ||
| 5. Most mineral resources are derived from the oceans. |
Activity 3. Match the beginnings of sentences to the endings
| 1. Economic minerals are those which are of economic importance | A- cooling on the surface in a short time. |
| 2. Lava flows and hardens into massive homogenous rocks | B- crystalline solids with specific and rather simple composition. |
| 3. The crust is composed of minerals that are | C- in iron, zinc, nickel, and other ferrous metals. |
| 4. Igneous rocks and their veins are rich | D- which can be found throughout the mineral. |
| 5. Cleavage is one of the most diagnostically useful mineralogical properties | E- and include both metallic and non-metallic minerals. |
Activity 4. Complete
Igneous rocks have been crystallized from 1_____ magma. Lava flows and hardens into massive 2______ rocks cooling on the surface in a short time. Igneous rock is generally compact and massive in structure. 3______rocks are rich in minerals that are important economically or have great scientific value. Igneous rocks and their veins are rich in iron, zinc, nickel, and other 4_____. Minerals are defined as inorganic substances which occur naturally. Such rocks have a definite chemical 5______ and physical properties which vary within known limits.
A- Igneous
B- solidified
C- ferrous metals
D- composition
E- homogenous
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)
Д.СЕРІКБАЕВ атындағы ШЫҒЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК
ТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ
Жер туралы ғылымдар факультеті
Шет тілдер кафедрасы
БЕКІТЕМІН
каф.меңгерушісі
А.Сарсембаева
______________________
ЕМТИХАНДЫҚ МӘТІН (№ 4 нұсқа)
«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» пәні бойынша
5В070700 «Тау-кен ісі» мамандығы
MINING PROCESS
Mining is the process of extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock salt and potash. Any material that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, is usually mined.
Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials and finally reclamation of the land to prepare it for other uses once the mine is closed. The nature of mining processes creates a potential negative impact on the environment both during the mining operations and for years after the mine is closed. Mining today is able to profitably and safely recover minerals with little negative impact to the environment.
The process of mining from discovery of an ore body through extraction of minerals and finally to returning the land to its natural state consists of several distinct steps. The first is discovery of the ore body, which is carried out through prospecting or exploration to find and then define the extent, location and value. This leads to mathematical resource estimation to estimate the size and grade of the deposit. The next step is to conduct a feasibility study to evaluate the financial viability, technical and financial risks and robustness of the project. This includes mine planning to evaluate the economically recoverable portion of the deposit, the metallurgy and ore recoverability, marketability and payability of the ore concentrates, engineering concerns, milling and infrastructure costs, finance and equity requirements and an analysis of the proposed mine from the initial excavation all the way through to reclamation.
Find the proper definition
| 1 mining | A- search for mineral deposits, especially by drilling and excavation |
| 2 milling | B- the action of extracting something, especially using effort or force |
| 3 prospecting | C- a rough calculation of the value, number, quantity, or extent of something |
| 4 extraction | D- the act or process of grinding, cutting, pressing, or crushing in a mill |
| 5estimation | E- the industry and activities connected with getting valuable or useful minerals from the ground, for example coal, diamonds, or gold. |
2. Mark the statements “True” or “False”
1. Mining is the process of extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth.
2. Mining today is able to profitably and safely recover minerals with much negative impact to the environment.
3. Any material that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, is usually mined.
4. The first is discovery of the ore body, which is carried out through prospecting or exploration.
5. All materials that can be grown through agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, are usually mined.
3. Match the beginnings of sentences to the endings
| 1. The process of mining from discovery of an ore body through extraction of minerals | A- both during the mining operations and for years after the mine is closed. |
| 2. The first is discovery of the ore body, | B- usually from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. |
| 3. The nature of mining processes creates a potential negative impact on the environment | C- is usually mined. |
| 4. Mining is the process of extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, | D- and finally to returning the land to its natural state consists of several distinct steps. |
| 5. Any material that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, | E- which is carried out through prospecting or exploration to find and then define the extent, location and value |
4. Complete the text with the words given below
Mining is the process of 1 ____ of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an 2 _____, vein or (coal) seam. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock salt and potash. Modern mining processes involve 3 ____ for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials and finally reclamation of the land to prepare it for other uses once the mine is closed. The nature of mining processes creates a potential negative impact on the 4 ______ both during the mining operations and for years after the 5 _____ is closed. Mining today is able to profitably and safely recover minerals with little negative impact to the environment.
A- ore body
B- environment
C- mine
D- extraction
E- prospecting
Құрастырушы
Оқытушы, магистр _________________________ Г. Михайлова
(қолы)