GrammarВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВ Past Simple

USE 1 Completed Action in the PastВВВ

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:

• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn't see a play yesterday.
• Last year, I traveled to Japan.
• Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
• Did you have dinner last night?
• She washed her car.
• He didn't wash his car.

USE 2 A Series of Completed ActionsВВ

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

Examples:

• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

USE 3 Duration in PastВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВ

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. Duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Examples:

• I lived in Brazil for two years.
• Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
• They sat at the beach all day.
• They did not stay at the party the entire time.
• We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
• A: How long did you wait for them?
  B: We waited for one hour.

USE 4 Habits in the PastВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВ

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as “used to” To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:

В· I studied French when I was a child.

В· He played the violin.

В· He didn't play the piano.

В· Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

В· She worked at the movie theater after school.

В· They never went to school, they always skipped class.

USE 5 Past Facts or GeneralizationsВВВВВВВВ

The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression “used to”.

Examples:

В· She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.

· He didn’t like tomatoes before.

В· Did you live in Almaty when you werea kid?

В· People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

ВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВВ “USED TO”

We use “used to” + Infinitiveto talk about past habits and long-lasting situations which are now finished or different.

E.g. I used to smoke like a chimney. She used to live in Liverpool. Used tois only past. For present habits, we use the simple present tense.

E.g. My sister smokes occasionally. (NOT My sister uses to smoke…)

In an informal style, questions and negatives are generally made with do.

Didyou use to collect stamps? I didn’t use to like her.

I used not to like her. (More formal)

SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF “TO BE, TO HAVE, TO DO”

AFFIRMATIVE:The affirmative of the simple past tense is simple.

В§ I was in Japan last year.В They werein Italy two years ago.

В§ She had a headache yesterday.

В§ We did our homework last night.

NEGATIVE and INTERROGATIVE forms are as follows:

I wasn’tin Japan last year.ВВВВВВВВВВВВВВ Was he in Japan last year?

She didn’t have a headache yesterday. Did she havea headache yesterday?

We didn’t do our homework last night. Did we do our homework last night?

ExercisesВ a)ВPut in the verbs in brackets in to the gaps. Use Simple Past.

1 I …. My maths homework yesterday. (to do)

2 В… Susan … to England by plane? (to go)

ВВ 3 ВВThey… a farm two weeks ago. (to visit)

ВВ 4ВВ Jenny and Peggy… their brother. (not/to help)

5 The children … at home last weekend. (not/to be)

6 When … you … this wonderful skirt? (to design)

7 ВMy mother … into the van. (not/to crash)

8 The boys… the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off)

9 … you … your aunt last week? (to phone)

 10 He … milk at school. (not/to drink)

В b)В Put the appropriate word (was or were) in each gap.

Началоформы

1. 1 Tom … in Spain last weekend.

2. Frank and Jim … at the party last night.

3. Who… at the cinema last Monday?

4. The children … quiet when their parents came home.

5. She … a nice person.

6. He … usually not at home at the weekend.

7. They … good at English.

8. We … in Lower Austria last summer.

9. My brother … in China some weeks ago.

10. ВI … in Copenhagen when my friends went there.

Listening