Сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. (good, better, the best) is a friend that is near, than a relative far off.

2. A university is (large, larger, the largest) than a college.

3. In the USA (common, more common, the most common) college degree among the others is a bachelor of arts.

4. Central Park, in the centre of Manhattan, is one of (popular, more popular, the most popular) parks in New York.

Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Marilyn (are, were, is) in great shape due to her regular aerobics classes.

2. The dog (will be, was, is) well trained and didn’t hurt anyone.

3. Better (were, will be, to be) alone than in bad company.

4. Kind words like good deeds (are, was, am) eternal, you never know where their influence will end.

Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Don’t be upset about being late. … another advanced computer class today at four o’clock.

2. …not easy to cook dinner for the entire family.

3. …nice weather. I decided to forget my problems and just enjoy this beautiful spring day.

4. In many apartment and office buildings in the U.S. … no 13th floor. The 14^th floor follows the 12th.

Задание № 5. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

1. We had a good day fishing in a lake.

2. Many large American cities have Thanksgiving Day parades.

3. You will have a little surprise on your birthday.

Задание № 6. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Simple (Indefinite) или Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Taking care of a younger sister or brother children (learn) responsibility.

2. At the moment the girls (exercise) to music at the aerobics class.

3. Philip (graduate) from medical school in 1960 and from the University of Michigan in 1956.

4. Tomorrow from four to five o’clock the vice-president of the company (have) a meeting with a group of employees.

Задание № 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Perfect или Perfect Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I want to study journalism to be a reporter – a newspaperman. I (think) about it a lot lately.

2. Before I made an important decision on which college to go I (discuss) it with my parents.

3. By midnight the astronomers (watch) the lunar eclipse for two hours.

4. The Stewarts are going to the theatre tonight. Richard (make) a reservation for theatre tickets.

Задание № 8. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Выпишите из каждого глагол – сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму. Напишите форму инфинитива глагола.

1. The mailman has just dropped some mail in our box.

2. Reading is one of the main ways of transmitting a culture from one generation to another.

3. The secretary offered a chair to the visitor.

4. The rain was beating on the windows.

5. The customer had been trying to draw the attention of a waiter for ten minutes.

6. The guests will be singing to the accompaniment of the piano at the party.

Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.

1. You should give examples providing your point of view.

2. Friendship is a plant which must be often watered.

3. When travelling by train you can put your suitcase in the overhead rack.

4. Parents are often so busy with work and other responsibilities that they may not be able to spend much time with their children.

Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The English Character

Englishmen are naturally polite and are never tired of saying “Thank you” and “I’m sorry”. They are generally disciplined; you never hear loud talk in the street. They do not rush for seats in buses and trains, but they take their seats in queues at bus stops. They will never shut the door in your face but will hold it open for you. English people do not shake hands when meeting one another; they just smile and say “Hello!”

Englishmen do not show their emotions even in tragic situations. They seem to remain good-tempered and cheerful under difficulties.

Most English love gardens and this is probably one reason why so many people wish to live in houses more than flats. They love flowers very much. The Englishman says “My house is my castle”, because he does not wish his doings to be overlooked by his neighbours.

It’s a tradition with English people to have a fireplace in their house. It is usually made of stone in a wall of a room and with a chimney in the wall. A chimney, therefore, is the main feature of almost every roof. The fireplace is the natural centre of interest in the room. In the evening when the members of the family come home, they like to gather round the fireplace and exchange the day’s experience. In recent years, however, many fireplaces have been modernized; they are gas or electric fireplaces.

The English people like animals very much. Pet dogs, cats, horses, ducks, chickens, canaries and other friends of man have a much better life in Britain than anywhere else. The English do all they can to make animals feel well in their homes and outside their homes too.

in queues – согласно очереди

a fireplace – камин

a chimney – дымоход

experience – впечатления

Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.

1. What people are Englishmen by nature?

2. They do not shake hands when meeting one another, do they?

3. When don’t they show their emotions?

4. Why do so many English people wish to live in houses more than flats?

5. Where do friends of man have a much better life than anywhere else?

Вариант № 8

Задание № 1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните неопределенные местоимения.

1. Somebody has stolen the painting from the gallery.

2. We didn’t know the place but we found the way without any difficulty.

3. Has anyone seen the dog today? I don’t hear his barking.

4. It is known that her best films are her early ones.

Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательное в соответствующей степени сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. After I’d washed my clothes they looked (old, older, the oldest) than before.

2. The mountain is said to be (high, higher, the highest) in South America.

3. The forest is (little, less, the least) than a mile away.

4. It was (boring, more boring, the most boring) story I’ve ever heard in my life.

Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The river (are, am, is) deep.

2. The role which he played in her life (were, was, will have been) significant.

3. We haven’t used much electricity this month. The bill is going (have been, will be, to be) not so big.

4. They (are, is, was) very much interested in the news.

Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. … a dishwasher in the kitchen.

2. … necessary to know a password to start the computer.

3. … no point in trying to persuade Jill. She will never make up her mind.

4. Where’s the camera? … not in the cupboard.

1. The new safety system stops trains automatically.

2. I forgot about the meeting entirely.

3. She will write the questions on the blackboard.

1. Our son (send) us a postcard from every place he visits.

2. Last night when I turned on the radio the choir (sing) my favourite song.

3. At the moment medical staff (treat) the man in hospital for neck and arm

injuries.

4. The wind speed (increase) tomorrow.

1. I (wait) for half an hour before the taxi came at last.

2. Mary doesn’t want any lunch. She (eat) already.

3. You look exhausted because you (work) all day.

4. By the end of this year the company (pay) the compensation for the damage done.

1. Millions of people all over the world travel every day.

2. Nowadays teenagers are not obeying their parents.

3. You will find a variety of sausages at the supermarket.

4. The registration had stopped long before the time of take-off.

5. My parents have been married for twenty-six years.

6. Vegetables and fruit looked very attractive.

Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.

1. If the weather is cloudy airliners cannot fly.

2. At the restaurant you may reserve a table beforehand.

3. The modern manager must be able to analyze complex problems.

4. If we decide to save our money we can simply keep our money in a safe place.

Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Wales - a Land of Songs

In the west of Britain lies one of the most beautiful parts of the British Isles - Wales. The mountains and valleys in Wales are very beautiful. There are many sheep and cattle-farms in the green valleys. Central and North Wales are farming regions, while the valleys of South Wales are the industrial part of the country.

They are rich in coal, and the mining villages have grown into busy towns around iron, chemical and oil works. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is also a big port. It exports a lot of coal. Wales is a very popular place for spending holidays. Every year, thousands of people take their holidays at the seaside on the North Wales coast or, if they prefer, enjoy peace in villages far from town life. Some people choose Snowdonia. This is a national park around Snowdon, the highest peak in the Welsh mountains and it is ideal for walking or hiking holidays. Wales has been called a Land of Song. The Welsh people are famous for their good voices and it is difficult to find a village where there is not at least one choir.

Singers, dancers, musicians and poets come from all over the world to compete for the awards at music festivals in Wales. They often wear their colourful national costumes. At the festival Welsh girls wear their national dress - a tall black hat, a red skirt and a white apron. In summer, the streets of this small country are full of visitors speaking many languages. One of the foreign languages heard will be English, because in North Wales many of the people speak Welsh as their native language. Today only about a quarter of the Welsh population speaks this old language as their first language, but many more who use English can understand Welsh as well. Welsh people are proud of national language. In many of their schools they now use and teach their national language.

a valley – долина

the mining villages – шахтерские поселки

works – заводы

walking or hiking holidays – занятия пешим туризмом во время отдыха

a choir - хор

Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.

1. Where does Wales lie?

2. Is Cardiff a big port?

3. Wales is a very popular place for spending holidays, isn’t it?

4. Why has Wales been called a Land of Song?

5. What language do many people speak in North Wales?

Вариант № 9

1. There isn’t anything on TV tonight.

2. Jack hasn’t anyone to help him.

3. There is somebody at the door. Can you go and open the door.

4. One has to take foreign passport if he goes abroad.

Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательные в соответствующей степени сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Honesty is (the best, better, more better) policy.

2. The (oldest, older, elder)...men declare war. But it is the youth that fight and die.

3. Of two evils choose the...(less, little, least).

4. What’s the (later, latest, last) news of today?

Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Draughts (are, is, be) not a complicated game.

2. Scissors (am, are, is) a small tool with two sharp blades screwed together.

3. What (am, are, was) his politics? - He supported the Labour party.

4. There (is, are , has been) millions of stars within our galaxy.

Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.…a fine day. Everything goes right.

2.…a big crowd at the station tonight.

3…. not a passion so strongly rooted in the human heart as envy.

4. Civilization will never flow backward while ...youth in the world.

Задание № 5. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте эти предложения в вопросительную и в отрицательную форму.

1. The city of Montreal covers 70 square miles.

2. Scientists in many different countries are working to explain its mystery.

3. Recently BBC experts have invented a new system that lets the deaf understand television programs.

1. I usually (leave) work before 8 o’clock.

2. John (paint) the garage at the moment.

3. My mum (watch TV) when I came home.

4. He (work) as an engineer.

Задание № 7. . Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Perfect или Perfect Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Some time ago Jill’s hair was long but now it is short. She (cut) it.

2. Our mother (cook) the dinner before we all returned.

3. We were late for the airport. The plane (start) two minutes before we came.

4. Are you still listening to music? You (listen) to it since I left for work in the morning.

1. All historical places of London are in the West End.

2. I have not seen Bill for a long time.

3. Can you hear a bird singing?

4. Many different languages are spoken in Europe.

5. She has been studying in the library for hours.

6. There were so many cars in the street that we could not find a parking space.

Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.

1. You must wear a helmet when you ride a motorcycle.

2. I had to go to the bank yesterday to get some money.

3. She got this job because she can speak five languages.

4. There were no buses yesterday evening. We had to walk home.

Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Invention

Invention (device or process) is creation of new devices, objects, ideas, or procedures useful in accomplishing human objectives. The process of invention is invariably preceded by one or more discoveries that help the inventor solve the problem at hand. A discovery may be accidental, such as the discovery of X- rays by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen while he was experimenting with cathode rays, or induced, such as the invention of the lightning rod by Benjamin Franklin after he proved that lightning is an electrical phenomenon. Early inventors were usually isolated and unable to support themselves through their inventions. In some cases, although two individuals working independently achieved the same innovation simultaneously, only one was recognized for the discovery. For example, the American inventors Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell applied for a patent on the telephone on the same day. Credit for the discovery of the calculus was fought for bitterly by the English scientist and mathematician Sir Isaac Newton and the German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

Today most modern inventions and discoveries take place in large research organizations supported by universities, government agencies, private industries, or privately endowed foundations. Because of this, ascribing any single invention to a specific person has become difficult.

an invention - изобретение

creation - создание

a discovery - открытие

to support - поддерживать

research - исследование

Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.

1. What is invention?

2. Can the discovery be accidental?

3. Early inventors were not usually isolated and unable to support themselves through their inventions, were they?

4. Where do most modern inventions and discoveries take place?

5. Why has ascribing any single invention to a specific person become difficult?

Вариант № 10

1. Have you got any objections?

2. I don’t know about it; ask somebody else.

3. I got the book without any difficulty.

4. I have nothing to read.

1. If you require (further, farther, the furthest) information or assistance, ask at your local station.

2. Actions speak (more louder, the loudest, louder) than words.

3. Hotels are becoming (more expensive, the most expensive, expensiver) nowadays.

4. The damage to the car could be (bad, worse, the worst) than we expected.

Задание № 3.Выберите нужную форму глагола to be и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. There (is, are, was) ten pens and a magazine on the table.

2. All historical places of London (had been, were, are) in the West End.

3. He was considered (to be, to have been, was) a good teacher.

4. Two pilots (were, was, are) on the plane when it crashed.

Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. … a stove in the kitchen.

2. … evident that people want peace.

3. … no point in trying to persuade Jane. She will never make up her mind.

4. Where’s the chair? … not in the living room.

Задание № 5.Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте эти предложения в вопросительную и в отрицательную форму.

1. In the year 1620 a ship named the ‘Mayflower’ brought 120 Englishmen to the

rocky coast of America.

2. Spaceships, computers and even an Egyptian mummy are among the many

thousands of objects in the Science Museum’s world famous collection.

3. They became successful businessmen.

1. Mary (meet) her friends at a cafe every weekend.

2. The Whites have bought a new flat. They (move in) at the moment.

3. My mum (cook) when I came home.

4. All the evening yesterday we (watch) a very interesting film.

1. Someone (switch) on the TV.

2. He is the most interesting person I ever (meet).

3. I am tired now. I (clean) the house all morning.

4. When we arrived at the station, our train (leave).

1. He has been learning French since he was five.

2. I know you are taking an advanced geography course now.

3. It has been raining since early morning.

4. BBC experts invented a new system that lets the deaf understand television programmes.

5. By the sixteenth century a new economic system had replaced feudalism.

6. The number of people without work is rising very fast.

Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.

1. I was so tired but I could not sleep.

2. I had to go to the bank yesterday to get some money.

3. You should wash your hands before cooking.

4. I must hurry.

Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Ecological Problems

Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase.

Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables on.

Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up.

The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the ecological crisis. Environmental protection is of a universal concern. That is why serious measures to create a system of ecological security should be taken.

Some progress has been already made in this direction. As many as 159 countries - members of the UNO - have set up environmental protection agencies.

Numerous conferences have been held by these agencies to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions. An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. The international organization Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the environment.

But these are only the initial steps and they must be carried onward to protect nature, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the present but also for the future generations.

ancient - древний

harmony - гармония

environment - окружающая среда

to interfere - вмешиваться

to increase - увеличиваться, возрастать

smoky - дымный

by-product - побочный продукт

Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.

1. How did people live for thousands of years?

2. What cities appear all over the world today?

3. What pollutes the air we breathe?

4. What is the result of the pollution the atmosphere?