C. Information Technology (IT) d. Personnel or Human Resources e. Finance
f. Production g. Research and Development (R&D)
d) ТемаСоставьте “Company’s Profile”, т. е. описание компании, в которой вы хотите работать или уже работаете местной или международной в соответствии с планом, используйте слова и выражения в заданиях I и II:
1 The year of foundation. The founder’s name.
2 The company’s location. Headquarters location.
3. The company’s specialization. The type of the company ( the industrial sector )
4 The company’s structure. The number of subsidiaries (if it has)
5. The main company’s competitors
6 The range of products or services the company provides.
7 The dates of launching new products.
8. Who runs the company?
9 The number of departments.
10 The company’s creed.
11 The position you take with the company. Your duties.
3) Контрольная работа №3 (III семестр); выполнение одного варианта из пяти. Комментарии по выполнению контрольных работ смотри выше.
Контрольная работа № 3
по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей
заочного отделения
Вариант 1
III семестр
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).
What is Nanotechnology?
Over the past few decades, the development of new and more advanced energy technologies with the capability of improving life all over the world have been sought in the field of science and engineering. In order to make the next leap forward from the current generation of technology, scientists and engineers have been developing the new field of science called Nanotechnology.
Nanotechnology is defined as the science and technology of building electronic circuits and devices from single atoms and molecules, or the branch of engineering that deals with things smaller than 100 nanometers. A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter, roughly the width of three or four atoms. For scale comparison, the average human hair is about 80,000 nanometers wide, and a single virus particle is about 100 nanometers in width. The prefix nano- comes from the Greek words nanos, meaning “dwarf.” The term Nanotechnology is also often used to describe the interdisciplinary fields of science devoted to study and use of nanoscale phenomena.
The story of nanotechnology began in the 1950s and 1960s, when the most engineers were thinking big not small. This was era of big cars, big jets, the world’s largest oil tankers, huge skyscrapers and big plans for sending people into outer space. Other researchers, however, focused on making things small. The invention of the transistor in 1947 and the first integrated circuit(IC) in 1959 launched an era of electronics miniaturization. It was these small devices that made large devices, such as spaceships, possible. After successfully splitting the atom in the years before World War II, physicist tried to understand about the particles from which atoms are made, and the forces that bind them together. At the same time, chemists worked to combine atoms into new kinds of molecules, and had great success in converting the complex molecules of petroleum into all sorts of useful plastic.
II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.
1. What definition is given to nanotechnology as a field of science?
a)thetechnology aimed at producing ICs of micrometer dimensions
b)a link between science and technology
c)engineering dealing with things smaller than 100 nanometers
2. What inventions started a trend of miniaturization?
| a)cars and jets b)transistors and integrated circuits c)capacitors and inductors | b) 25 – 30 |
3. What language was the prefix nano borrowed from?
a) Latin
b) German
c) Greek
III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.
4. The era of nanotechnology began in________.
a) the 1950s
b) the past few years
c) the early 1980s
5. Nanotechnology deals with fabrication of electronic devices from________.
| a) decayed atoms | b) single atoms and molecules | c) nucleus |
6. Before the World War II scientist managed ________.
a) to split the atom
b) to launch cell phones
c)to send astronauts into space
IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .
7преобразование, превращение, получение
| a) converting | b) convert | c) converted |
8. сосредотачиваться, обращать внимание
| a) attention | b) distract attention | c) focus on |
| 9. область инженерии, техники a) engineering region | b)area of development | c) field of engineering |
10размер, масштаб
| a) capacity | b) scale | c) ratio |
11. интегральная схема
| a) integrated circuit | b) coupling scheme | c) integrating network |
12. передовые/новейшие технологии, методы
| a)achievements | b) new ways | c) advanced technologies |
13. электронный прибор, устройство
| a) tool | b) device | c) appliance |
V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным словам и терминам .
| a) interdisciplinary fields of science b) launch c) complex molecules d) outer space e) electronics miniaturization f) current technologies g) decade h) nanometer |
14.a period of ten years
15.the creation of ever smaller scales for electronic devices
16.involving different subjects of study
17.the area beyond the Earth’s atmosphere, where the stars and planets are
18.one billionth of a meter
19.to start a major activity
20.technologies being developed and used at present time
21.molecule with a more complicated structure
VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F- false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.
22.Nanotechnology deals with large-sized objects.
23.Nanotechnology will affect industry dealing with materials such as aerospace, automobiles, coating, construction, cosmetics, agriculture, drug delivery, food and etc.
24.Engineering at nanoscale has drawn the attention of industry leaders.
VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.
25. The first integrated circuit ………… in 1959.
| a) had been invented | b) was invented | c) invented |
26.Nanotechnology ……..rapidly …………… over the past few decades.
| a) has been developing | b) developed | c) was developing |
27. In Japan the Second Science and Technology Plan …… a part of the national strategy since 2001.
| a) is | b) has been | c) be |
28. Next year the necessary instruments ………… by the centre.
| a) are bought | b) is bought | c) will be bought |
29. Nano-Tex …….. …….. its water- and oil-repellent copolymer.
| a) is continually improving | b) continually improves | c) is continually improved |
VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.
30. Nanotechnology has been developed ……… cover a wide range of industrial fields such as IT, electronics, energy, biotechnology, and medicine.
| a) because to | b) however to | c) in order to |
31.Nanomedicine focuses … broadening a drug’s potential.
| a) at | b) on | c) of |
32.Many scientists devote their lives ….researching nanophysics and nanochemistry.
a)by b)on c)to
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.
33. Private funding of nanotechnology is estimated to be ………than government funding.
| a) the largest | b) larger | c) more larger |
34.Scientists work ……..to improve security and quality of life.
| a) hard | b) hardly | c) more harder |
35. Nanotechnology is aimed to produce …………. gadgets than ones we have just bought.
| a) more versatile | b) versatile | c) the most versatile |
X. Переведите текст письменно.
Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine is an area of biomedical research that seeks to use tools from the field of nanotechnology to improve health. Scientists say that physical, chemical, and biological properties of materials at the nanoscale differ in fundamental way from the properties of large –sized matter. For example, nanotechnology could provide new formulations and new routes to deliver drugs to previously inaccessible sites in the body, thereby broadening a drug’s potential. Tiny sensors, that detect diseases in the body far earlier than existing diagnostic tools, are among the promising areas of research. In today’s world of biomedical tools and therapies, pocket –sized electrocardiographs for monitoring the heart have appeared, and diagnostic cameras the size of a vitamin can travel the length of a digestive tract. The extremely small size of nanomaterials also means that they are much more readily absorbed by a human body than large-sized particles.
Контрольная работа №3
по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей
заочного отделения
Вариант 2
III семестр
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).
SOLAR ENERGY
Solar power, also known as solar energy, is the technology of obtaining usable energy from the light of the sun. Solar energy has been used in many traditional ways for centuries, and has come into widespread use where other power supplies are absent, such as in remote locations and space. Solar energy has a number of applications including
· Heat (hot water, heating building, cooking)
· Electricity generation (photovoltaic, heat engines)
· Desalination of sea water
Solar power is an extremely clean way to generate electricity. There are no air emissions associated with operation of solar modules. Photovoltaic, solar water heating systems reduce power generation from traditional sources and associated environmental impacts. Solar thermal energy is one of the best ways to lower carbon dioxide content and to protect the environment. Typically, greenhouse gas emissions from heating water account for over 70%. A solar water heater is one of the most influential and economical ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There are a few of the environmental reasons to install a solar thermal system:
· To reduce greenhouse gas emission.
· Two-collector domestic hot water systems can offset over 2 tons of CO2 per year or 50 tons over life of the system.
· On-site generation, that is to reduce the need to mine and transport fossil fuel energy.
· Increased water heater life expectancy.
When comparing the merits of water heating systems, it is important to differentiate between capital and running costs. Conventional water heating systems tend to be cheap to install, but require the purchase of fuel. Fuel prices are currently low, but will rise in future. Solar thermal heating systems seem to be more expensive to install, but don’t need any fuel. A solar thermal system will incur very low running costs, and the payback on the capital costs will be better, because fuel costs of oil or gas systems go up over the time.
II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.
1. How could “solar power” be defined?
a)“non-renewable” source of energy
b)the technology of producing energy from the sun light
c)powerengineering dealing with conventional systems consuming fuel
2. What is solar power used for?
| a)heating buildings and generating electricity b)only for heating domestic water c)electricity production in the northern countries with long-lasting winters | b) 25 – 30 |
3. What advantage can be taken of the solar energy application?
a) to reduce the expenditures on fossil fuels extraction
b) to be a good alternative to a wind power
c) to have a bad impact on the environment
III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.
4. One of the reasons to install a solar thermal system is________.
a) to cut the installation costs
b) to decrease the service life of the heating system
c) to increase water heater operation life
5. Solar power is the best way ________.
| a) to solve health problems | b) to reduce CO2 emission | c) to generate electricity worldwide |
6. The prices of fossil fuels are expected ________ in the nearest future.
a) level off
b) to fluctuate
c)to go up sharply
IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .
7.достоинство, преимущество, заслуга
| a) merit | b) quality | c) guaranty |
8. выработка/производство энергии
| a) electricity transportation | b) energy distribution | c) power generation |
| 9. насчитывать, составлять a) to average | b)to take into account | c) to account for |
10.уменьшать, понижать
| a)lower | b)low | c)low-down |
11. текущие расходы, эксплуатационные издержки
| a) business expenditures | b) running costs | c) labour costs |
12. связано с, требует
| a)to incur | b) to occur | c) to want |
13. ископаемое топливо
| a) nuclear fuel | b) fossil fuel | c) liquid fuel |
V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным словам и терминам .
| a) impact b) conventional systems c) capital costs d) to mine e) the heater life expectancy f) on-site energy generation g) widespread h) greenhouse gas |
14.gas that stops heat from escaping into atmosphere an causes global warming
15.the production of electricity in a particular area or place
16.aneffect or influence
17.equipment that is usually used or has been in use for along time
18.the period of time the heater is likely to operate
19.something that exists or happens over a large area, or to a great extent
20.to extract or obtain minerals from the ground by digging deep holes or tunnels
21.money spent by a business on buying equipment, buildings and etc.
VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F- false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.
22.Solar cells can be used in remote areas where there are no power transmission lines.
23.Solar energy can be applied for sea water desalination.
24.It costs too much to maintain solar collectors, so it takes a long time to make profits from investments.
VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.
25. Britain ………… for a new form of energy in recent years.
| a) has been looking for | b) were risen | c) raised |
26.The British usually ……… fossil fuels and ……… nuclear stations.
| a) are burning and building | b) burns and builds | c) burn and build |
27. Wind power ………… as an alternative source of energy in Holland for many years.
| a) has been used | b) is used | c) is being used |
28.In a few years Britain ……completely ……. the advantage of wind power.
| a) don’t take | b) won’t take | c) not take |
29. At present they ………… two wind turbines.
| a) install | b) will have installed | c) are installing |
VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.
30. Since conventional water heaters are in use, greenhouse gas emissions account .... 70%.
| a) on | b) from | c) for |
31.Alternative energy sources are coming ….. everyday use.
| a) to | b) into | c) back to |
32.It is important to differentiate …… renewable and non-renewable sources of power.
a)from b)between c)among
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.
33.How ……..power is supplied by nuclear plants in your country?
| a) many | b) big | c) much |
34. Britain is one of ……… countries in Europe.
| a) the windiest | b) the most windy | c) windiest |
35.There are ……. wind farms in Britain than in Denmark.
| a) less | b) more little | c) fewer |
X. Переведите текст письменно.
SOLLAR COLLECTORS
A solar collector is a device which collects sunlight and converts it into a heat. It consists of the following parts: 1. A glass cover made of either a single a double sheet of glass. 2. Water tubes. These are usually made of aluminium or steel. 3. A flat metal plate. This is painted black and usually made of aluminium, steel or copper. 4. Insulation. This can be any insulating material which can withstand temperatures up to 200oC. In India, for example, dried palm leaves have been used. 5. A casing that can be made of wood or metal.
The solar collector works in the following way:
1. It is fixed on the roof of the building.
2. The sunlight passes through the glass cover and strikes the black plate.
3. About 50% of energy is reflected back onto the glass.
4. The glass then reflects it back onto the plate.
5. This heats the water in the tubes.
6. The heated water in the tubes is fed into the heating system of the building.
Since they can still supply heat even when it is already colder outside, flat plate collector are preferred choice today for solar water heating in households.
Контрольная работа №3
по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей
заочного отделения
Вариант 3
III семестр
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).
What is a Computer?
Computers are electronic machines which can accept data in a certain form, process the data and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information.
Three basic steps are involved in the process. First, data is fed into the computer’s memory. Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form.
Information in the form of data and programs is known as software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called hardware. A standard computer system consists of three main sections: the central processing unit (CPU), the main memory and peripherals.
Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the ‘brain’ of the computer. The main memory holds the instructions and data which are currently being processed by the CPU. The peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/output devices.
Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs. Disk drivesare used to handle one or more floppy disks. Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory. The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system. For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.
On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – modems, fax machines, optical drives and scanners. These are the main physical units of a computer system, generally known as the configuration.
II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.
1.What three basic steps are involved in the process?
a) programming, deleting and storing data
b) generating a set of instructions, performing the instructions and outputting data
c) data input, instructions execution, data processing and data output
2. What are the main physical parts of the computer system?
| a)CPU, main memory, periphhhphpherals b)ROM, monitor, operating system c)CPU, hard disk, software | pherals b) 25 |
3. What do the peripherals include ?
a) main memory
b) storage , input/output devices
c) central processing unit
III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.
4. The CPU function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all ________.
a) the other providers
b) the other units
c) the other disk drives
5. _________ enable us to retrieve the finished product from the system.
| a) Input devices | b) Output devices | c) CPU |
6. The main physical units of a computer system ________.
a) is known as the configuration
b) are known as the topology
c)are generally known as the configuration
IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .
7. программное обеспечение
| a) hardware | b) program | c) software |
8. клавиатура
| a) mouse | b) keyboard | c) configuration |
| 9. гибкий диск a) hard disk | b) optical disk | c) floppy disk |
10.выполнять
| a) to handle | b)to monitor | c) to manage |
11. данные /банк данных
| a) dates | b) data | c) units |
12. информировать
| a)notify | b) information | c) informational |
13. состоять из
| a)to include | b) to consist of | c) to contain |
V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным терминам.
| a)software b) peripheral devices c) monitor d) floppy disk e) hardware f) input g) output h) central processing unit |
14.the brain of the computer
15.physical parts that make up a computer system
16.programs which can be used on a particular computer system
17.the information which is presented to the computer
18.results produced by a computer
19.equipment attached to the CPU
20.visual display unit
21.small device used to store information
VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F- false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.
22.Computer can perform many functions
23.Personal computers cannot perform logical operations.
24.Floppy disks are used to store information.
VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.
25. We usually ……. to the users.
| a) spoke | b) tell | c) speak |
26. BASIC ……….. in 1964.
| a) was devised | b) is devised | c) has devised |
27. We ……. sometimes …… a full day on programming.
| a) didn’t spend | b) don’t spend | c) haven’t spent |
28. The spelling of this task … already ……. .
| a) is checking | b) has been checked | c) has checked |
29. At present we …. ….. a system called Visual Failsafe.
| a) is using | b) are using | c) are used |
VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.
30. We can see the results ………. the screen.
| a) at | b)on | c) in |
31. A standard computer system consists …….. three main sections.
| a) in | b) in | c) of |
32.Input devices enable data to go ……… the computer’s memory.
a)into b) in c)onto
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.
33. ……… common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.
| a) most | b) more | c) the most |
34. Handheld/mini computers are …….. than microcomputers
| a) more smaller | b) the smallest | c) smaller |
35. How ………… types of computers do you know?
| a) many | b) much | c) big |
X. Переведите текст письменно.
The main memory of a computer is also called ‘internal memory’, as distinct from any storage
available on disks. PCs make use of two types of main memory: RAM and ROM.
RAM stands for ‘ Random Access Memory’. It is called, that because the processor can find data in any cell or memory address with equal speed, instead of looking for the data in a sequential order.
The data in the RAM is volatile, so it is lost when the power is switched off. Therefore, if we want to use this data later on, we have to save it on disk. When running an application, the CPU finds its location in the storage device (e.g. hard disk) and transfers a temporary copy of the application to the RAM area.
ROM is an acronym for ‘Read Only Memory’, which implies that the processor can read and use the data stored in the ROM chip, but cannot put data into it. For this reason, it is also referred to as ‘firmware’. ROM chips have ‘constant’ information, including instructions and routines for the basic operations of the CPU. These are used to start up the computer, to read the data from the keyboard or to send characters to the screen.
Контрольная работа № 3
по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей
заочного отделения
Вариант 4
III семестр
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).