Special Article III Courts

1. U.S. Court of Claims: This court sits in Washington, D.C., and handles cases involving suits against the government.

2. U.S. Court of International Trade: This court sits in New York and handles cases involving tariffs and international trade disputes.

Special Courts Created by Congress

1. Magistrate judges: These judges handle certain criminal and civil matters, often with the consent of the parties.

2. Bankruptcy courts: These courts handle cases arising under the Bankruptcy Code.

3. U.S. Court of Military Appeals: This court is the final appellate court for cases arising under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.

4. U.S. Tax Court: This court handles cases arising over alleged tax deficiencies.

5. U.S. Court of Veterans' Appeals: This court handles certain cases arising from the denial of veterans' benefits.

Подберите для каждого названия американского суда его русский эквивалент.

a) Федеральный суд по вопросам международной торговли (Внешнеторговый суд)

b) Налоговый суд

c) Федеральный окружной апелляционный суд

d) Федеральный военно-апелляционный суд

e) Федеральный районный суд (федеральный суд первой инстанции в США)

f) Верховный суд США

g) Претензионный суд (суд для рассмотрения исков к США)

h) Федеральный суд США по рассмотрению жалоб от ветеранов

i) Суд по делам о банкротстве

j) Мировой (магистратский) суд

k) Апелляционный суд США по федеральному округу

1. The U.S. District Court ____________________
2. The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeal _______________________
3. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit __________________
4. The U.S. Supreme Court ______________________________
5. The U.S. Court of Claims ______________________________
6. The U.S. Court of International Trade ___________________________
7. Magistrate court _________________________
8. Bankruptcy court ________________________
9. The U.S. Court of Military Appeals ________________________
10. The U.S. Tax Court ________________________________
11. The U.S. Court of Veterans' Appeals _______________________________

Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1. What two types of courts can the term “federal court” refer to?
2. What courts does the first type include?
3. What courts does the second type include?
4. What jurisdiction does the U.S. District Court have? What cases does it hear?
5. What cases does the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeal examine?
6. What is the jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court?
7. What cases do the U.S. Court of Claims and the U.S. Court of International Trade handle?
8. What cases do Magistrate judges handle?
9. What cases do Bankruptcy courts handle?
10. What cases do the U.S. Court of Military Appeals and the U.S. Court of Veterans' Appeals deal with?
11. What cases does the U.S. Tax Court examine?

Вспомните содержание текста Federal Court System и заполните схему, отражающую систему федеральных судов США.

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

TEXT 6

GLOSSARY

a will –завещание

to distribute –распределять, рассредоточивать

adoption –усыновление, удочерение

annulment –судебное решение о признании брака недействительным

divorce –развод

alimony –алименты

custody –опека, опекунство

delinquent children –дети, совершившие правонарушения

ordinance –указ, декрет, закон, постановление, распоряжение

to find guilty/not guilty –признать виновным/невиновным

discretionary –предоставленный на (собственное) усмотрение

State Court Systems

No two state court systems are exactly alike. Nevertheless, there are sufficient similarities to provide an example of what a typical state court system looks like. Most state court systems are made up of (1) two sets of trial courts: (a) trial courts of limited jurisdiction (probate, family, traffic, etc.) and (b) trial courts of general jurisdiction (main trial-level courts); (2) intermediate appellate courts (in many, but not all, states); and (3) the highest state courts (called by various names).

Unlike federal judges, most state court judges are not appointed for life but are either elected or appointed (or a combination of both) for a certain number of years.