III. Из данных предложений выберите те, действие в которых происходило в прошлом, и переведите их

11. The American system focuses on teaching man to get along in the community.

12. The development of business stimulated the improvement of the XIX century universities.

13. Competition in getting jobs supports the idea of equal opportunities.

14. American colleges tried to duplicate the colleges of ancient universities of England.

15. Many private institutions which came into existence at about this time greatly influenced American education.

IV. Переведите следующие предложения, обратите внимание на степень сравнения прилагательных.

16. Private colleges are generally smaller and the tuition fees are much higher.

17. It is more prestigious to get a degree at a private university where the quality of education is better.

18. Many of the oldest and best-known colleges, such as Columbia and Harvard, became universities.

19. An American university has the most complex organization of all American institutions of higher education.

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1.	Educational institutions in the United States reflect the nation’s basic values and ideals. The underlying principle of the American system of education is to educate people in such a way that everyone has the opportunity to develop his greatest potential. The American system tends to focus on teaching man and society to get along in the community.
2.	Another major purpose of education in America is to lay the groundwork for achieving success in life. Here it should be said that Americans value education largely as a means of reaching a higher standard of living. The belief is widespread in the US that the more schooling a person has, the more money he will earn on college graduation. Generally speaking, the expectation is that degrees in fields such as business and engineering will result in higher paying careers.
3.	Equality of opportunities is an important aspect of the American system of education. However, the goal of equal opportunity in education remains an ideal rather than reality. Furthermore, the very structure of education itself, which contains both public and private schools, may not encourage equality of opportunity. Tuition fees in private schools are relatively high so they educate primarily upper-class children. However, these private schools are few in number and they do not by any means displace the public schools which are truly the central educational institutions in the United States.
4.	There is still another factor which supports the idea of equal opportunity – competition in getting jobs or entering the best universities is held on a relatively equal basis irrespective of the type of the school, private or public, one has attended. Furthermore, a lot depends on the personal qualities of the individual school graduate. Some believe that private institutions of higher learning have higher graduation standards but this is debatable.
5.	All university students must pay tuition fees. In addition to tuition fees they have to pay for the books and room and board. Deserving students may receive scholarships of various types that offset the high costs of higher education.