Rectors, higher education, national school, fields of study, education, standards, abilities, integration, take into account, state policy, principles, space
1) Every institution has several departments specializing in various… .
2) Higher educational establishments are headed by … .
3) The republic is reforming its system of … today with the aim of creating an independent, qualitatively new …, corresponding to International … .
4) The government guarantees each citizen the right to education according to his … .
5) It trains specialists at all levels of … over a wide range of fields of study.
6) Curricula and programs … both specific features of the national system of higher education and necessity of its … to the world’s educational space.
7) The national system of higher education is based on the … of … in the field of education.
6. Translate from Russian into English:
Для абитуриента выбор факультета является поступком, первичнo задающим цель собственной жизни. Ошибки и просчеты, допущенные молодым человеком при выборе специальности, имеют довольно высокую цену. Для части абитуриентов неудача при поступлении на желанный факультет является стрессом и часто оценивается как жизненный кризис. «Счастливчики» - те молодые люди, которые продемонстрировали довольно высокий уровень знаний и умений в стрессовых ситуациях экзаменов, - зачисляются на первый курс.
DISCOVERING LANGUAGE
1. Transform as in the models:
Mоde1 1: to educate people — education of people
to found the university, to regulate the studies, to examine students, to appoint the tutors;
Mоde1 2: degree of a bachelor — bachelor's degree
degree of a master, life of the students, parents of a student, the report of the scientist;
Mоde1 3: Department of Education — Education Department
centres of research, history of the University, School of Management.
2. Choose a or the or no article in the following sentences:
1) … first-year students of our University have … lot of things to do.
2) If you are not … university student at … age of 18, you have to go to … army to serve.
3) After I leave … school, I want to go to … University.
4) … women are often better teachers than … men.
5) … friend of yours is now having classes at … University.
6) … lecture was interesting on … whole.
7) I go to … University in … morning.
8) How many people go to … university in your country?
9) Nick left …. University without doing his exams.
10) You had … difficult text to translate and you did not take … trouble to consult … dictionary.
11) He is … student you wanted to speak to.
12) It is … translation from … English.
13) … two students entered … room.
3. Give adjectives corresponding to the following nouns:
illiteracy, science, education, qualification, experience, progress, ignorance, diligence, ability, competition, industry
4. Insert articles to the following sentences:
They have come to Minsk from many towns of Belarus to acquire knowledge. ...Department of Marketing is very popular with... students. It trains highly qualified specialists. ... curriculum is on … level of ... latest scientific achievements. ... educational plan also includes higher mathematics and philosophy and other subjects. At …the end of their studies ... students prepare their graduation theses. Lectures are given in large auditoriums, whereas practical studies are held in smaller groups.
Scientific circles have been organized for ... students to do scientific work on ... chosen theme in ... subjects in which they specialize. In making their reports ... students as ... rule first select and discuss…theme with their tutor. They have all... opportunities to enlarge knowledge and these study circles will help them in their future occupations.
5. Give adjectives corresponding to the following nouns:
illiteracy, science, education, qualification, experience, progress, ignorance, diligence, ability, competition, industry
6. Fill in the missing prepositions:
1. All the children in our country have the right ... education. 2. Thousands ... part-time students study ... correspondence. 3. Before the examination we had consultations ... grammar. 4. What are you working ... now? 5. I am preparing a report... the new achievements ... our science ... the field ... linguistics. 6. Nina was ill ... over a month, but she caught up ... the group and did not fail ... her exams. 7. When will you take your test ... literature? 8. My eldest sister studies ... the Pedagogical institute, ... the English department. She makes progress ... all her subjects and now she has a fairly good command ... the English language. 9. He is a very capable student. He is especially good ... sums. 10. His son graduated ... the BSEU and became an economist. 11. The audience was listening ... the lecture ... microeconomics ... interest. 12. The right ... education is guaranteed ... the Constitution ... the Republic of Belarus.
FOCUS ON FUNCTION
’Knowing and understanding’
1. Study the idioms useful to say that you know or don’t know something or make conclusion.
A. Knowing and not knowing
| knowing | meaning |
| She knows the system inside out. | She knows every detail of it. |
| When it comes to geography, he certainly knows his stuff. | He has a very good knowledge of it. |
| That book title has a familiar ring to it. 1 think 1 read it a long time ago. | It sounds familiar / I think I've heard it before. |
| I'm not sure if 1 know her, but the name rings a bell, (very commonly used with name) | I have a vague memory of someone with that name, but can't remember exactly. |
| not knowing | meaning |
| I haven't (got) / don't have a clue how to use this camera. | I don't know at all. |
| I haven't (got) / don't have the faintest idea where she lives. | I really don't know at all. |
| I haven't (got) / don't have the foggiest (idea) what this switch is for. | I absolutely don't know at all. |
| I can't for the life of me remember her first name. | I can't remember at all. |
| I'm a bit out of touch with computers these days. | I used to know about them, but don't know the latest developments. |
| I'm sorry, that name doesn't ring any bells with me. (very commonly used with name) | I don't think I've ever heard it before; it is unfamiliar. |
В. Coming to conclusions
I didn't actually know where you were staying, but Mark said you were with a relative. So I put two and two together and guessed it was that aunt of yours, [concluded from the facts I knew]
I'm sorry, I got (hold of) the wrong end of the stick. I thought you were complaining about something, [came to the wrong conclusion]
‘I think he's got hold of the wrong end of the stick.'
2. Correct mistakes in these idioms.
1) I don't have even a faint idea where he is today; you'll have to ask somebody else.
2) The title of the CD has familiar rings to it, but I don't think I've ever heard it.
3) My cousin knows the tax laws outside and in, so if you want advice on your tax, he'll help you.
4) I can't for life think what it was I came into the kitchen for.
5) I saw Tom and Lily together in a restaurant looking adoringly into each other's eyes. I added up two and two, and decided they must be madly in love.
3. Use the corrected idioms from exercise 2 to rewrite the underlined parts of this paragraph. Use each idiom once only.
I always thought I knew my computer in every detail, but the other day it started to crash every time I opened a certain program. I could not in any way understand why it was doing this, and I didn't have any idea at all about what to do to fix it. I rang the helpline which I had used in the past, and after about 20 minutes I spoke to someone who said his name was Patrick, and that he was there to help me. He gave me some advice which sounded quite familiar to me from previous calls I had made to the same helpline. I thought about all this, put the facts together, and concluded that they give the same advice to everybody, and that it's just a way of getting rid of you. The computer still crashes every time I open the program.
4. Write sentences that mean the opposite of these sentences. Use appropriate idioms and make any other necessary changes.
1) Yes, that name is very familiar to me. I think I've met her several times.
2) I'm really up to date with TV soap operas these days. I watch them every day.
3) She knows absolutely nothing when it comes to the history of this area.
4) I correctly interpreted what she was trying to tell me and it solved a big problem.
5) No, sorry, her name means nothing to me. I may have met her, I just can't remember.
5. Complete each sentence with a different idiom which refers to 'not knowing'.
1) I.............................how to use the photocopier. Do you think you could help me? (weakest of the three)
2) I ...........................where I left that letter I brought for you. I'm really sorry, (stronger than 1)
3) I ..............................what she's talking about. She's crazy! (even stronger than 2)
SPEAKING
1. Imagine a friend is going away to University. Give him or her some advice by completing these sentences. The first one has been done as an example:
1) In the first week, go to all the meetings to … (get to know other students).
2) When you meet the staff, ask lots of questions to …
3) Go for a walk around the university campus, so …
4) Find out what your timetable is, so as not to …
5) Make lots of notes in every lecture, so that …
6) Do as much work as you can now in case …
7) Buy all the recommended books straight away in case …
2. a) Read the dialogue. Make up 10 questions and answer them.
A college instructor from abroad is interested in the training and employment of Belarusian school leavers.
College instructor. How do you cope with the army of young people who leave your secondary schools?
Correspondent: Thousands of higher, special secondary and vocational schools, plants, construction sites, collective farms in all parts of the country are always eager to receive the young people. There is a suitable place for every school leaver.
College instructor: Are there any changes in the admittance rules and the programme of entrance examinations in connection with the increased number of school leavers wishing to attend higher school?
Correspondent: There are no particular changes. The only criterion for admittance to higher and special secondary schools is knowledge and ability. The majority of students receive a monthly state scholarship. If the student comes from another town or from a village, he is given a place in a hostel. There are many opportunities for every leaver to find work or continue to study.
b) Dramatize the dialogue with a partner. Make up your own dialogue about your University.
3. Suggested topics for conversation:
1) Education in Belarus. BSEU. (A dialogue between a Russian and an English student)
2) Your first day at the University.
3) The examination you have failed at.
4) Your favourite lecturer.
WRITING
1. You are members of the University Council. You’ve worked out new University Rules for students and for teachers. Suggest and write down a set of sensible rules. These modal expressions are sure to help you:
Should (not)…, be (not) allowed to …, be (not) supposed to …
Do & Don’t Do & Don’t
for students for teachers
2. Read the text, single out the main facts from it and present your summary in English.
Meждународные связи
Международная деятельность является неотъемлемой составляющей жизни БГЭУ и строится по следующим основным направлениям:
o прием на учебу иностранных граждан на контрактной основе и в рамках двусторонних межправительственных соглашений;
o двустороннее академическое сотрудничество с зарубежными университетами и фондами;
o работа в рамках международных академических проектов/программ с зарубежными университетами и организациями;
o рекламная работа по привлечению иностранных граждан на учебу и стажировку в БГЭУ;
o анализ международной информации, поступающей через электронную почту, Интернет и поиски новых партнеров для реализации совместных академических проектов.
Международная деятельность университета направлена на развитие международных связей, содействующих модернизации образования, становлению вузовской науки, освоению мирового опыта в сфере высшего образования, привлечению иностранных инвестиций и расширению экспорта образовательных услуг.
Свыше 30 лет БГЭУ осуществляет подготовку специалистов из-за рубежа. В университете обучается около 500 иностранных граждан из 22стран Азии, Африки, Ближнего Востока, Европы, Балтии и СНГ. В последние годы это число постоянно увеличивается на 80-100 человек. В свою очередь, наши студенты, аспиранты и преподаватели направляются на учебу и стажировку в Китай, Францию, Германию, Италию, США.
Университетом подписаны двусторонние соглашения об академическом сотрудничестве в области образования более чем с 70 зарубежными вузами и научными организациями из 17стран мира. Это направление деятельности БГЭУ постоянно укрепляется и расширяется. Сегодня Белорусский государственный экономический университет является членом ряда международных ассоциаций и объединений.
International relations
International activities are an integral part of life BSEU and based on the following main areas: o admissions of foreign nationals on a contract basis and in the framework of bilateral intergovernmental agreements; o bilateral academic cooperation with foreign universities and foundations; o work within the international academic projects / programs with foreign universities and institutions; o promotional efforts to attract foreign students and internships in BGEU; o analysis of international information received via e-mail, the Internet and search for new partners for joint academic projects. International activities of the University focused on the development of international relations, promote the modernization of education, the establishment of university research, the development of international experience in the field of higher education, attracting foreign investment and export expansion of educational services. Over 30 years BGEU provides training from abroad. The university has about 500 foreign nationals from 22 countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS. In recent years, this number is increased by 80-100. In turn, our students, graduate students and teachers are sent to study and internships in China, France, Germany, Italy, USA. University has signed bilateral agreements on academic cooperation in the field of education with more than 70 foreign universities and research organizations from 17 countries. This activity BGEU continuously strengthened and expanded. Today the Belarusian State Economic University is a member of several international associations and unions.
SUPPLEMENTARY READING
Text 1 University Degrees
A university or college awards a degree to a person who has completed a required course of study. The institution presents the degree in the form of a diploma, a document which certifies the award. The basic kinds of degrees are called bachelor, master, and doctor. An honorary degree may be awarded for an outstanding contribution in a certain field.
Most students wishing to take a degree course seek entrance to a university. In some countries students can take degree courses as external students, through correspondence and television courses.
Most universities require a good pass in the final secondary school examination, and competition is keen for entry into such faculties as medicine and law. If possibly, a student planning to study in a university should seek information two years before completing a secondary school course. This will permit a choice of subjects appropriate for the intended course.
First degrees. First degrees are generally called bachelor's degrees. They include the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and the Bachelor of Science (BSc). The BA is given for such subjects as history, literature, line arts, and, in some universities, for science. The BSc is given for science, engineering, and economics. Law students receive the Bachelor of Laws (LIB) in some universities, and the BA in others.
Until the late 1950's, students could take only two main types of the course: a general, or pass, course, or a special, or honours, course. Many universities still offer such courses, which last for three years. Students following the general course take three or four related subjects. Those taking the special course generally study one subject. The general courses were designed for students who wished to have general knowledge of a group of related subjects, such as science. The special courses were intended for those who wished to specialize in a specific subject, such as chemistry.
Some newer universities have tried to avoid rather narrow training provided by the special courses. They plan their studies so that all students follow the same broad course in the first year, and then study at least one science and one arts subject for another three years. Students do not specialize until the second year at the earliest. They may also study both scientific and non-scientific subjects, because the division into families common in many universities, has been abandoned.
In non-English-speaking countries, there is no standard name for the first degree. In France, the first degree is called the licencie es lettres. In Germany, it is called the staatsexamen. In Sweden, it is called the filosofie kandidatexamen (FK). The Italian Laurea takes the place of the first and second degrees in other countries. In Japan, the bachelor's degree is called gakushi. It is awarded after four years of study. In the countries of the former Soviet Union, students receive a diploma after studying for four or five years. The Candidate of Science degree is equivalent to a PhD.
Graduation. When the student has passed a final examination, he or she is qualified to receive a degree. But students cannot use the letters BA, BSc, and so on, until they have been formally admitted to the degree. This process is called graduation, and at a university or similar institution it is a dignified ceremony. For many students, the first degree marks the end of their university education.
Higher degrees. In most universities, students must complete one or two years of advanced study beyond the first degree to obtain a second or higher degree. Many universities require a thesis, a written report of a special investigation in the student's main subject of study. In most English-speaking universities, second degrees are called master's degrees. Such degrees include the Master of Arts (MA), Master of Arts and Economics (MEcon), and Master of Science (MSc).
Doctorates. The doctor's degree is the highest earned degree in many countries. There are two distinct types of doctor's degrees. One is a professional degree required to practise in certain professions, such as medicine. The other is a research degree that indicates the candidate has acquired mastery of a broad field of knowledge and the technique of scholarly research. The research doctorate may require at least two or three additional years of study beyond a master's degree. The candidate may be required to complete examinations and present a written thesis or dissertation. The doctoral thesis represents an original contribution to knowledge, and is a more detailed study of a research problem than that required for master's degree. In many English-speaking universities, the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree is the most important research doctorate and may include specialization in almost any academic subject. In some European countries, students of nonprofessional subjects also take a doctor's degree as the second degree. For example, the German degree of Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) is the equivalent of the MA in English-speaking countries. In Russia and in Belarus, the Doctor of Science (doctor nauk) degree is awarded by a special commission. To receive this degree post-graduate students must research new and important material. In Japan the doctorate degree is called nakushil.
Honorary degrees. Many universities have adopted the custom of awarding honorary degrees to persons for achievement in their chosen fields. Chief among these are the Doctor of Letters (DLitt) and the Doctor of Laws (LLD). These degrees are often given to prominent authors, scholars, and leaders in professions, business, government, and industry.
THE MASTER OF ARTS (MA.) DEGREE IN ECONOMICS
The M.A. in economics prepares students for careers as professional economists in business and government. It is also excellent preparation for continued graduate study in economics.
Requirements: strong motivation, aptitude and basic intellectual ability are needed for success in graduate study in economics.
Program requirements: all students are required to take courses in advanced economic theory and economics. Students preparing for professional careers choose additional applied courses in industrial organization, international economics, natural and human resources, and urban and public economics. Students preparing for doctoral studies select from these and additional courses in economic theory and mathematics.
Students must satisfy all University requirements for the M.A. degree. Courses should be selected with the approval of graduate advisor.
Required courses:
- microeconomics: microeconomic behaviour of consumers, producers, and resource suppliers; price determination in output and factor markets; general market equilibrium.
- aggregate economics: advanced macroeconomics analysis of income; employment; prices; interest rates and economic growth rates.
- econometrics I.
- econometrics II.
THE MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEGREE (M.B.A.)
The Master of Business Administration (M.B.A.) is a professional degree designed to prepare graduates for managerial roles in business and non-profit organizations. Graduates will develop the necessary skills and problem-solving techniques that will permit them to make an early contribution to management and eventually to move into broad, general management responsibilities at the executive level.