What problem is regarded to be a serious social one in the countries all over the world?

1. Probation service is regarded to be a serious social problem in the countries all over the world.

2. Juvenile delinquency is regarded to be a serious social problem in all the countries all over the world.

3. The League of Women is regarded to be a serious social problem in all the countries all over the world.

Задание № 3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Businessmen are to organize their business successfully if they want to get profit.

2. Solicitors may represent their client in Magistrates’ court.

3. The US President must be a native-born citizen of at least 35 years old.

4. The Acts of the Parliament can be interpreted by the court.

5. According to the Constitution our president is to be the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог.

1. A man had been murdered outside his house.

2. This case is being discussed at the seminar at the moment.

3. Ignorance of law was not accepted as an excuse of breaking it.

4. In every country relations between people are regulated by laws.

5. That law problem will be solved by the end of the year.

Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитива в определенной функции. Из каждого предложения выпишите форму инфинитива и укажите его функцию в предложении.

1. To detect the criminal is very often not an easy task.

2. A person should be elected to become a member of the Parliament.

3. The problem to be solved was too complicated.

4. Laws tell people what they must do and what they must not.

5. To speak in the court he prepared for his speech carefully.

6. He would rather die than betray his friends.

Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода объектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Object). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. We saw the public meet the verdict with satisfaction.

2. The juvenile court wants the child to have a guardian.

3. The court allowed him to stay at home.

Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода субъектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Subject). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. He was never heard to complain of difficulties.

2. This lecturer seems to know a lot about criminology.

3. The court is unlikely to give a different sentence.

Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитивного оборота c предлогом “for”. Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. It was very difficult for the judge to sentence that man.

2. The law is important for the people to abide it.

3. It was rather difficult for her to adapt in that new atmosphere.

Вариант № 3

Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Magna Charta

Magna Charta can be said to be a landmark in the development of constitutional government. In 1215 King John and barons of England, though being Democrats, signed the document which changed all the law system of the country.

In the 13^th century barons of England had considerable autonomy in their dealings with the monarch. But King’s abuses of traditional feudal law and his refusal of their demands made barons of England raise an army and force the King to sign Magna Charta (the Great Charter). Magna Charta contains 63 Articles. Most of the Articles were a list of rights that chiefly benefited the land­owning nobility and the church.

Nevertheless, a number of provisions were later applied to all the peo­ple of England. Some of them later became the foundation for the country’s legal system. Magna Charta states, for example, that the King must seek the advice and consent of the barons in all important state matters, including tax increase. In later centuries, these provisions were used to assert that no law could be passed or tax risen without the consent of the body representing all the people, the Parliament. The guarantees of due process of law and trial by a jury can also be given to provisions of Magna Charta.

The evolution of Magna Charta’s feudal rights into constitutio-nal rights of ordinary people took centuries, since many English Kings successfully ignored the Great Charter. Only in the wake of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 England could succeed in establishing a durable constitutional monarchy with Parlia­ment as the nation’s supreme law-making body. The task of reforming Parlia­ment itself into a broadly representative democratic institution took much time, more than another century.

Vocabulary

Magna Charta (the Great Charter) the law system dealings King’s abuses of traditional feudal law refusal 63 Articles a list of rights that chiefly benefited the land­owning nobility and the church a number of provisions the foundation for the country’s legal system the advice and consent state matters tax increase the guarantees of due process of law and trial by a jury Magna Charter’s feudal rights constitutional rights the nation’s supreme law-making body

Магна Чарта (Великая Хартия) юридическая система деловые отношения злоупотребления короля в области традиционного феодального права отказ 63 статьи перечень прав, которые главным образом были в пользу землевладельцев и церкви ряд положений основа юридической системы страны совет и согласие государственные вопросы увеличение налогов гарантии надлежащей правовой системы и судебного процесса с судом присяжных права феодалов, закреплённые в Великой Хартии конституционные права высший законодательный орган страны

Задание № 2. Выберите правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос по тесту “Magna Charta”.