Read and translate the following word-combinations and phrases.

The largest part in Europe; the territory of 400 square miles; more than 20 centuries old; the Celts gave London its name; to destroy the city; the Germanic invaders; Llyn-din means a «lonely port»; vast urban area; Greater London; governmental office; is famous for its historical associations; the finest Renaissance church; fashionable part; a densely populated district; smog hangs dark in the sky.

Fill in prepositions if necessary.

1. London is situated … the river Thames.

2. London covers … the territory of 400 square miles.

3. Modern London is a number … cities, towns, villages.

4. Every block of the City is famous … its historical associations.

5. Londoners are proud … being called Cockneys.

6. Karl Marx lived … many years in London.

7. Lenin visited London … several times.

Fill in articles if necessary.

1. London is the capital of … Great Britain.

2. London is one of … biggest port in the world.

3. London is situated on … river Thames.

4. … Romans made the city the centre of their colony.

5. … main traditional parts of … London are…City, … West End and East End.

6. … many banks, offices are situated in … City.

7. … St. Pau’s Cathedral is … finest Renaissance church.

Paraphrase the italicized words.

1. London is the major trade centre of the country.

2. London occupies the territory of 400 square miles.

3. Modern London consists of several cities, towns, villages, that have grown together.

4. The Tower of London is an old fortress.

Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. London is the largest city in Europe.

2. London is the main political, commercial, transport centre of Great Britain.

3. The population of London is about 9 million.

4. London is more than 20 centures old.

5. Modern London is a number of cities, towns, villages that have grown together to make one urban area.

6. «Great London» consists of many parts but the main parts are: the City, the West End and East End.

7. The City is the commercial and business centre of London.

8. The West End is the richest, fashionable and most beautiful part of London.

9. The East End is the poorest district of London, its industrial part.

Reading

Study the following text.

London

London, the capital of Great Britain, and the largest city in Europe, is situated on the river Thames. It is the main political, commercial, transport centre of the country and one of the biggest ports in the world.

London covers the territory of 400 square miles. It’s population is about 9 million people. London is a very old city. It is more than 20 centuries old. The old Celts gave London its name. The Romans made the city the centre of their colony, the Germanic invaders tried to destroy it and the Normans made London the capital of the country. Llyn-din was the original name of the settlement which means a «lonely port».

Modern London is not one city. It is a number of cities, towns and villages that have grown together to make one vast urban area. «Great London» consists of many parts but the main traditional parts are: the City, the West End and the East End.

The City is an oldest and very important part of the capital, it’s commercial and business centre. Many banks, governmental and newspaper offices are situated in the City. People do not live in the City, they only work there. The heart of the City are 3 buildings: the Manshion House, the Royal Exchange and the Bank of England. Every block in the City is famous for it’s historical associations. St. Paul’s Cathedral, the finest Renaissance church in Europe, and the Tower of London, an ancient castle, are the most famous places of interest in the City.

The West End is a symbol of wealth, the richest, fashionable and most beautiful part of London. It is situated between the City and Hyde Park. Here you can see wide streets, fine theatres, cinemas and concert halls, the best hotels and restaurants. Among all historical places of the West End the most interesting are: Westminster Abbey and Westminster Palace, known as the Houses of Parliament, with 2 towers: the Victoria Tower and the Clock Tower with Big Ben.

The East End is the poorest district of London, it’s industrial part with many plants, factories, workshops. It is a densely populated district. Workers, dockers, handicraftsman live in the East End. They produce the wealth of the West End and are proud of being called true Londoners. The port of London is also in the East End. The smog hangs dark in the sky over the East End. It is often said: «The City is the money of London, the West End is it’s goods, the East End is the hands of London».

The main industries of London are shipbuilding, textile and machine-building industries.

Many famous people lived in London: Heinrich Heine, the German poet; Mozart, the German composer; Alexander Herzen, the Russian writer; Ivan Pavlov, the famous Russian physiologist and many other scientists, artists, writers, painters. Karl Marx worked and lived for many years in London and is buried in the Highgate Ceremony.