Lesson 10. IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND
REMEDIES II
Notes:
| faulty | неисправный |
| penetration | проникновение |
| cutoff valve | запорный (отсечный) клапан |
| valve disc | тарелка клапана |
| to shut down | выключить, остановить |
| to light | зажигать |
| sediment | осадок, отстой, отложение |
| Symptom: | Cause: | Remedy: |
| The water level in the boiler is rising | 1. Faulty automatic water regulating arrangement. | 1.Repair the automatic water regulating arrangement or change to manual control of the water level. |
| 2.Penetration of solid particles under the water level regulator valve. | 2.Shut off the cutoff feed valve, dismantle the water level regulator, remove the particles from the valve seat and the disc. | |
| Loss of water level | 1. Faulty automatic water level regulator. | l. Repair the regulator or change to manual control of the water level. |
| 2. The blow down valves are not tight enough. | 2. Shut down the boiler, let it cool, drain the boiler, repair or replace the valve. | |
| 3. The boiler tubes and manifolds are not tight. | 3.Shut down the boiler for repairs. | |
| 4. Faulty feed pump. | 4.Eliminate the fault and put the spare pump in operation. | |
| Safety valve is closed | 1. Steam pressure in the boiler is rising. | 1. Lower the steam pressure to the required level. |
| 2. Faulty safety valve. | 2. Shut down the boiler, repair or replace the safety valve. | |
| 3. Wrong adjustment of the safety valve. | 3. Adjust the safety valve to the required pressure. | |
| The boiler won't light | 1. There is some water in the fuel. | 1. Drain the sediment out of the fuel tank. |
| 2. Faulty oil – burning arrangement. | 2. Repair or replace the oil - burning arrangement. | |
| Boiler automatic operation program is effected wrongly | Faulty automatic system. | Eliminate the fault or change to manual control. |
Exercise 1. Найдите синонимы среди перечисленных слов.
Main, to increase, to be fitted, to generate, to be needed, to reduce, to indicate, to include, to be able, to drain, to connect, to be installed, to be located, to be placed, donkey, to be necessary, basic, to show, to join, to be capable, to contain, auxiliary, to produce, to raise, to decrease, to release.
Exercise 2. Compose sentences in a right way. Translate into Russian paying attention to ‘ing’ forms.
| 1. | Boilers are used | depending on the size of the boiler. |
| 2. | The steam may be used | for generating steam for main engines. |
| Water-tube boilers have replaced fire-tube boilers | causing the water to circulate round the system. | |
| 4. | Two or more furnaces may be fitted | for producing steam. |
| 5. | Because the steam drum provides a reservoir of relatively cool water, convection currents are set up | for driving the main engines. |
Exercise 3. Make up a dialogue of your own based on the dialogues given below.
Notes:
| main stop valve | главный стопорный кран |
| to grind | притирать (клапан) |
| crack detection | дефектоскопия |
| in the course of | в ходе, в течение |
| automatic feed water system | система автоматического питания |
| automatic firing system | система автоматического регулирования горения |
Mr. Wilson - If I am not mistaken, the next item is connected with the repair to the main stop valve and safety valves. You know, of course, that this kind of repair usually requires boring the valve seats. For that reason we must know if the seats have been bored before.
Ch, Eng. - Oh, yes, they have.
Mr. Wilson - Still I think I'd better have a look at the valve seats and we'll decide if boring is necessary.
Ch.Eng. - All right. Well, I'd like to point out that the safety valves should be ground and adjusted afterwards.
Mr. Wilson - By the way, is the hydraulic test of the steam boiler stipulated in the list of repairs? What about the magnetic- crack detection of the tube plates? We can carry it out too.
Ch.Eng - Certainly, the hydraulic testing is obligatory. As to the magnetic crack detection we'll see if it is necessary in course of repairs.
Mr. Wilson- All right, I've said it just in case.
Ch.Eng - And last but not least The automatic feed water and firing systems must be replaced completely. Can you do it?
Mr. Wilson - Oh, yes. Everything will be done it your satisfaction.
Exercise 4. Translate the sentences.
1) В котел дополнительно добавлены перегреватели, чтобы увеличить его эффективность.
2)Предохранительные клапаны необходимы, чтобы выпускать излишек пара из котла.
Lesson 11. PUMPS
Notes:
| to flow out | вытекать |
| direction | направление |
| rotation | вращение |
| to indicate | указывать |
| arrow | стрелка |
| acquirement | требование |
| ammeter | амперметр |
| to exceed | превышать |
| possible | возможный |
| rating | расчетная величина |
| tightness | герметичность, зд: затяжка |
| packing gland | сальник, уплотнение вала |
| drop | капля |
| to prevent | предотвращать |
| harmful | вредный |
| output | производительность |