Грамматика: формы причастий. Отглагольное имя существительное. Герундий, его форма и функции.

LESSON 30

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

Запомните:

1. Префикс intra-[intrə] означает внутри: cellular клеточный - intracellular внутриклеточный.

2. Префикс over-['əυvə] придает слову значение сверх, чрезмерно: dosage дозировка - overdosage передозировка.

I. Прочтите и переведите следующие слова:

a) intracranial, intramuscular, intravenous, intracardiac, intrapleural, intrathoracic, intratracheal, intraspinal; б) overweight, overgrowth, overestimate, overgrow.

II. Запомните чтение следующих слов. Переведите их:

hospitalize ['hɒspitəlaiz], intravenous [,intrə'vi:nəs], instruction [in'strAkʃn], electrocardiogram [i,lektrəυ'ka:diəgrfm], intramuscular [,intrə'mAskjələ], result [ri'zAlt].

III. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: department [di'patmənt] n отделение; in-patient department стационарное отделение; out-patient department амбулаторное отделение reception ward [ri'sepʃn'wɔ:d]приемная, приемный покой initial [i'niʃl] а начальный, первоначальный; предварительный apply [ə'plai] v применять, прикладывать; to apply cups ставить банки prescribe [pri'skraib] vпрописывать; предписывать dose [dəυs] n доза dosage ['dəυsie] n дозировка indicate ['indikeit] vуказывать, показывать; обозначать keep [kip] (kept, kept [kept]) v держать; хранить poisonous ['pɔiznəs] а ядовитый, отравляющий, токсический cause [kɔ:z] v причинять, вызывать; n причинаdeath [deθ] n смерть; death rate смертность round [raυnd] n обход (больных врачом); to make one’s daily rounds делать ежедневный обход relieve [ri'li:v] v облегчать; освобождать; снимать (боль) prevent [pri'vent]v предотвращать, предупреждать recovery [ri'kAvəri] n выздоровление; восстановление

IV. Переведите следующие словосочетания:

To be admitted to the in-patient department, to fill in a case history, to make an initial diagnosis, to estimate the initial findings, to apply a new method of treatment, over dosage of a drug may cause death, to take the patient’s temperature, to give injections, to take an electrocardiogram.

V. Найдите корень и определите часть речи корня и производного:

Hospitalize, unfavourable, instruction, injection, poisonous, reaction, direction.

VI. Переведите следующие однокоренные слова:

Prevent, prevention, preventive, preventing; indicate, indicated, indicating, indicative, indication; apply, applied, applying, application; recovery, recover, recovered, recovering.

VII. Сгруппируйте парами слова, близкие по значению (письменно):

A disease, to start, not to be able to do smth, to hospitalize, a medicine, a polyclinic, a hospital, to produce, a response, a trouble, a reaction, to begin, to cause, in-patient department, to admit to the hospital, a drug, an out-patient department, to fail to do smth.

VIII*. Измените время глагола-сказуемого придаточного предложения так, чтобы оно выражало действие, предшествующее действию в главном предложении:

We thought that you were hospitalized to the surgical in-patient department. 2. The surgeon considered that the new remedy was hot indicated in that particular case. 3. The patient said that the prescribed dose of the drug failed to relieve the pain.

IX*. Определите выделенные ing-forms и их синтаксические функции. Переведите их:

Any drug causing a strong reaction must be taken only if the doctor has administered it. 2. Hospitalizing a patient the doctor on duty examines him in the reception ward. 3. The approaching car will take the patient to the hospital.

The nurse was applying cups when the ward doctor entered the ward.

X. 1. Прочтите текст А. 2. Найдите и переведите предложения, в которых глагол to be выполняет роль модального глагола (3 случая).

Выпишите и переведите слова с префиксами intra- и over- (3 случая).

2. Напишите план текста и перескажите его.

Text A. Work of an In-patient Department

When patients are admitted to the hospital first of all they are received by a nurse on duty¹ at the reception ward.

Those patients who are to be hospitalized have already received the direction from the polyclinic. The nurse on duty fills in patients’ case histories in which she writes down their names, age, place of work, occupation, address and the initial diagnosis made by a doctor at the polyclinic.

Then a doctor on duty examines the hospitalized patients and gives his instructions what department and wards the patients are to be admitted to.

At the in-patient departments of a hospital life begins early in the morning. The nurses on duty take the patients’ temperature, give them intramuscular and intravenous injections, take stomach juice for analysis, apply cups and give all the prescribed remedies in the doses indicated by the ward doctors.

The nurses keep all the drugs in special drug cabinets². All the drugs have special labels (этикетки). The names of drugs are indicated on them. Patients are not allowed to take the medicines themselves because some drugs are poisonous, the overdosage of some other drugs may cause unfavourable reactions and even death.

At about 9 o’clock in the morning the doctors begin the daily rounds of the wards during which they examine all the patients. After the medical examination the doctors administer the patients different procedures: electrocardiograms are taken, laboratory analyses of blood, urine and gastric juice are made. Some patients are administered a bed regimen, others are allowed to walk; some are to follow a diet to relieve stomachache or prevent unfavourable results in case of stomach troubles. All the doctors always treat the patients with great attention and care. There is no doubt that such a hearty attitude of the doctors to the patients helps much in their recovery.

Notes

¹ a nurse (a doctor) on duty - дежурная сестра (дежурный врач); to be on duty - дежурить, бытьдежурным

² a drug cabinet - шкаф для лекарств, аптечный шкаф

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

XI. Use the active vocabulary of the lesson instead of the following:

To advise and order the patient some medicine; 2) to produce; 3) to put cups; 4) a definite amount of the drug; 5) to stop the spread of inflammation; 6) a toxic medicine; 7) to make the pain less; 8) to be allowed and used.

XII. Choose the sentences corresponding to Text A:

1. a) At the in-patient department the nurses give the patients intramuscular and intravenous injections. b) At the in-patient department the ward doctors give the patients intramuscular and intravenous injections. 2. a) Some patients are to follow a diet to decrease weight. b) Some patients are to follow a diet to relieve stomachache. 3. a) The overdosage of some drugs may cause a considerable change in the white blood cell count. b) The overdosage of some drugs may cause unfavourable reactions.

XIII. Read the passages and answer the questions:

1. Patient Ivanov was treated at the hospital. His temperature was taken every morning. He was given the prescribed medicine and the intramuscular injection of vitamin B. Who carried out the administrations?

2. My sister has a high temperature. Her blood analysis shows a considerable increase of the white blood cell count. Her first and second heart sounds are greatly decreased. Her electrocardiogram shows abnormal findings. Where must she be treated?

XIV. Make up the sentences corresponding to the Russian ones out of the words given in brackets:

1. Ядовитые лекарства могут вызывать неблагоприятные реакции, (reactions, poisonous, drugs, unfavourable, cause, may) 2. Названия лекарств указываются на этикетках (on, the, of, names, medicines, the, labels, are, indicated) 3. Назначенное лекарство не снимало боль в загрудиннойобласти (in, area, the, administered, the, drug, failed, substernal, pain, to relieve, the).

XV. Find the sentences in which ‘if̓ is translated as ʽеслиʼ and then - as particle ʽлиʼ: