The Structure of the Alimentary Tract

Thistractconsists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver with gallbladder and pancreas are the large glands of this tract.

The first division of this tract is formed by it. Important structures of it are the teeth and the tongue, which is the organ of taste (вкуса). From it food passes through this place to the tube and then to that place.

That place is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. It measures about 21-25 cm in length, 8-9 cm in its great­est diameter. It has a capacity of from 2.14 to 4.28 1 (liters).

This muscular tubeis located in the lower and central portions of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. It is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

This portion is divid­ed into caecum, colon and rectum.

This gland is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the right upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. This gland is in the right side of the abdomen. Its weight is 1,500 g.

This bile reservoir is a hollow sac (мешок) lying on the lower surface of the liver.

Another gland is a long thin gland lying under and be­hind the stomach.

1.This- ………..

2.it- ………..

3.this place - ………..

4.the tube- ………..

5.that place- ………..

6.This muscular tube- ………..

7.This portion - ………..

8.This gland - ………..

9.This bile reservoir - ………..

10.Another gland - ………..

Замените латинские анатомические термины английскими словами. Обращайте внимание на число существительных. Переведите предложения.

1. The os is situated on one’s face below the nose.

2. The patient’s lingua was coated.

3. The gaster serves as a container of food.

4. The hepar secretes bile which participates in the digestive process and has a defensive function.

5. The vesica biliaris serves as a bile reservoir.

9. Вспомните, в какой последовательности располагаются части пищеварительной системы и составьте микродиалоги по следующей модели:

А:What comes after the oral cavity?

В:Pharynx comes after the oral cavity.

A:What comes below the pharynx?

В:……………………………………

THE URINARY SYSTEM

Прочтите ключевые слова (KEY WORDS).

adipose capsule	жировая капсула	Fig. 3. The urinary system
apex	вершина
bean-shaped	бобовидной формы
bladder	мочевой пузырь
capacity	емкость, объем
coating	оболочка, слой
connective tissue	соединительная ткань
cover	покрывать
excrete	выделять
fibrous capsule	волокнистая капсула
fluid	жидкость
fold	складка
fundus	дно
hilus	ворота органа
kidney	почка
margin	край
membrane	оболочка, пленка
metabolism	обмен веществ
mucous	слизистый
parenchyma	паренхима
perirenal fat	околопочечный жир
peristaltic	перистальтический
renal pelvis	почечная лоханка
solid	твердое вещество
surround	окружать
ureter	мочеточник
urethra	мочеиспускат. канал
urinary	мочевой
urine	моча
wall	стенка
waste products	продукты распада

Найдите слова латинского происхождения (интернационализмы).