Страдательный залог (The Simple Passive Voice)

Прочтите § 14 Раздела Страдательный залог (The Simple Passive Voice), стр. 290-291.

Passive Voice(страдательный залог) обозначает, что предмет или лицо, являющееся подлежащим, не выполняет действие, а испытывает на себе действие другого предмета.

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Hebroke hisleg. – Он сломал ногу.	His legwas broken. –У него была сломана нога.

Страдательный залог образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени и Participle IIсмыслового глагола.

Спряжение глаголов в Simple Passivt Voice

	Present Simple	Past Simple	Future Simple
Утвердительная форма	I am examined	I (he, she, it) was examined	I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will be examined
He (she, it) is examined
We (you, they) are examined	We (you, they) were examined
Вопросительная форма	Am I examined ?	Was I (he, she, it) examined ?	Will I (he, she, it, we, you, they) be examined
Is he (she, it) examined ?
Are we (you, they) examined ?	Were you (we, they) examined ?
Отрицательная форма	I am not examined	I (he, she, it) was not examined	I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will not be examined
He (she, it) is not examined
We (you, they) are not examined	We (you, they) were not examined

Предлоги ‹by› и ‹with› в Passive Voice.

The letter is written by my brother. (by – перед исполнителем действия)
Письмо написано моим братом. (кем?)

The letter is written with a pen. (with – перед инструментом действия)
Письмо написано ручкой. (чем?)

Задание 4.Прочтите и переведите следующие пары предложений:

1. We call three major types of blood vessels arteries, veins and capillaries. – Smaller branches of arteries are called arterioles.

2. The heart pumps the blood into the lung by circulatory system. – From the left heart the blood is pumped into the aorta.

3. Pulmonary artery divides into two branches. – The upper extremity is divided into the shoulder, the upper arm, the forearm and the hand.

4. The right carotid artery distributes blood to all parts of the right side of the neck, face, head and brain. – The blood from the aorta is distributed throughout the body.

Задание 5.Прочтите следующие предложения. Определите время и залог сказуемого. Предложения переведите.

1. These operations are performed by me.

2. Anatomy is taught in practical class.

3. The lecture in Biology is delivered on Monday.

4. They are taught Anatomy.

5. He was told some interesting news.

6. The lecture will be attended by all the students of our group.

7. The heart muscle is nourished by coronary arteries.

8. These textbooks will be distributed among all the students of our group.

Задание 6. Составьте вопросительную и отрицательную форму предложений предыдущего задания.

Задание 7.Передайте следующую информацию в Passive Voice:

1. The students greeted the famous lecturer warmly.

2. We will discuss this report at the next conference.

3. The arm, forearm and hand form the upper extremity.

4. They make a number of experiments in this laboratory.

5. The scientists will conduct a controlled trial.

6. Our professor will deliver the lecture in Physics next Monday.

7. He stole a lot of money from the shop.

8. Bones compose the skeleton.

9. The doctor asked the patient about his age and profession.

10. The students will revise all the rules for the test.

11. She gave us a course of lecture last year.

12. The reporter will demonstrate the advantages of this method.

13. The doctors administer an appropriate treatment to the patients.

14. The students received instructions yesterday.

15. The pelvis connects the lower extremity with the trunk.

16. The doctor will give you some advice.

Задание 8.Переведите следующие предложения:

1. Нам дают книги.

2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.

3. Операции проводятся хирургами.

4. Учебники пишутся для студентов.

5. Ее часто видят в библиотеке.

6. Курсовые собрания проводятся в конце семестра.