How to use the Ginseng Root

ВАРИАНТ 13

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.Plant constituents are of medical importance.

2. Scientists have found new chemicals.

3. The brain plays the main role in the formation and expression of emotions.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. Pushkin, the famous Russian poet, was born in 17999.

2. Moscow, the capital of Russia, was founded in the twelfth century.

3. The house is in the village of Gossington.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них функ­цию инфинитива и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. It is the only thing to do.

2. I have no time to visit the museum.

3. To read a lot is to know much.

4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми артиклями.

1. When I was ... young boy, I wanted to play ... trumpet, but I wasn't very good at it. So I decided on architecture. When I told my father that I wanted to be ... architect, he said, "Are you crazy? ... builder is much more important." He was ... builder and for him, ... son of ... builder should be ... builder.

2. …Moscow is in … Europe. It is … nice city.

3. In … north-west and west the country is washed by … Atlantic Ocean and … Irish sea.

4. Why is ... earth hottest at the equator? – Because it is the part of ... earth that is closest to ... sun.

5. … heartache is deep sorrow and emotional suffering.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы и залог глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The rain has stopped.

2. The sun is shining now.

3. I am not in a hurry.

4. My question was answered yesterday.

5. This bone will be given to my dog tomorrow.

6. Lost time is never found again.

6. Перепишите предложения и поставьте: 1) общий вопрос к нему; 2) специальный вопрос ко всем членам предложения.

1. The child is taken care of.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них Participle I, Participle II, Gerund и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно (он) определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. A person taking a sunbath must be very careful.

2. A fish taken out of the water cannot live.

3. Sending a telegram, she forgot to write her name.

4. I like seeing a good film.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She needs to get up early.

2. He should remember to take the medicine.

3. He may be in his office now.

4. You are to go straight into the room.

9. Переведите предложения.

1.Наша лаборатория часто разрабатывает новые методы профилактики.

2. Я рекомендовал бы удвоить дозу этого лекарства.

3. Вы должны опубликовать результаты вашего эксперимента.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите тек­ст.

How to use the Ginseng Root

Ginseng is a perennial herbaceous plant. It grows in the eastern parts of our country. It was found, to contain substances of the glycoside series: saponin, panaquilene; in addition to these its roots contain other oils -panacene and also panaxic acid, ginsenin, a small amount of alkaloids of unknown composition, cane-sugar, phytosterols, resins, ferments (amylase and phenolase), the vitamins B and B .

Ginseng preparations have been shows experimentally to have a very low toxicity and possess a wide therapeutic activity. They excite the nerv­ous system, particularly the cortex, acting upon the stimulating and in­hibitory process, increase the reactive processes of the organism, stimulate cardiac activity, increase blood pressure, reduce the sugar content of the blood, excite the endocrine apparatus. Besides this, they render a positive effect in case of inflammatory and wound processes.

Various publications conic, in numerous indications of the use of gin­seng in the treatment of various diseases. Yet, it should be noted that gin­seng is not a specific remedy for any particular disease. One of the first indications for the administering ginseng as a time is hypotension, physical and mental fatigue, overstrain, neurasthenia and recently endured ex­hausting disease. Ginseng is also used in the treatment of nervous and mental diseases. In these cases it completely removes general weakness, headache, high irritability, insomnia and poor appetite. Under the effect of ginseng, depression and headaches decrease and an increase in activity is observed.

The positive effect of ginseng was marked also in functional distur­bances of the cardio-vascular system; the heart tones of. the patient be come clearer, the heart contractions- rhythmical, hypotensive symptoms disappear, the blood pressure rises, general condition improves and pains in the region of the heart disappear.

The positive effect of ginseng has been established in the treatment ofvegetative dystonia, general neurosis with symptoms of progressive emaciation, vasomotos lability. There are indications of the use of ginseng also in the treatment of diabetes, tuberculosis, malaria, Botkin’s disease, in this case a more rapid restoration of the function of the liver is obtaqined.

Ginseng is prescribed after consulting the physician administered orally in the form of an alcohol tincture, 15-25 drops 3 times a day or in powder form by 0.25 -'0.3 gm.

ВАРИАНТ 14

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. New medications are used to control epilepsy.

2. Pharmacy deals with medical substances.

3. Dissolved air’s bubble may come out of the solution.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. A shoe shop is near his house.

2. A ten mile walk gave Marry strength.

3.There was no one at the top of the hill.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них функ­цию инфинитива и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. To read the book I went to the library.

2. It is a book to read and remember.

3. He was too busy to see anyone.

4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми артиклями.

1. I remarked that if there was . . . leak in . . . gas pipe there might be . . . explosion while he was reading . . . meter.

2. He said, 'As . . . matter of . . . fact, there was . . . explosion in . . . last house I visited; and Mr. Smith, . . . owner of . . . house, was burnt in . . . face.

3. Mr. Smith was holding . . . lighted match at . . . time of . . . explosion.

4. To prevent . . . possible repetition of this accident, I lent him . . . torch.

5. He switched on . . . torch, read . . . meter and wrote . . . reading down on . . back of . . . envelope.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы и залог глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. They want to publish their book.

2. My question was answered yesterday.

3. The postbox will be emptied tomorrow.

4. It is November now.

5. Mike eats ice cream every day.

6. You can do the work in three days.

6. Перепишите предложения и поставьте: 1) общий вопрос к нему; 2) специальный вопрос ко всем членам предложения.

1. This name was seldom mentioned in his novels.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них Participle I, Participle II, Gerund и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно (он) определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Leaving the door open, she went into the room.

2. The man playing the piano is Kate’s uncle.

3. The exercises done by the pupils were easy.

4. Seeing a good film is a pleasure.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I had to go to hospital.

2. You needn’t hurry.

3. He is able to do it.

4. We will be allowed to stay here.

9. Переведите предложения.

1. Вы должны принять надлежащие меры лечения.

2. Ученые узнают о структуре клеток, так как проводят много экспериментов.

3. У меня немного обзоров по этому вопросу.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите тек­ст.

Filtration

Filtration is the process of separating liquids from solids with the view of obtaining the liquids in a transparent condition.

The intervention of a porous substance, called the filter, is necessary in performing the process of filtration. The filter may be made of paper, paper pulp, sand, ground glass, charcoal, porous stone, etc.

The liquid, which has passed through the filter is called the filtrate and it should be perfectly clear.

Paper filters are the most useful of all filters for the pharmacist, and they are employed in all the finer operations requiring filtration, She solid particles are much more completely separated by filtration through good paper filters than through strainers, owing to the pores of the paper being smaller and more numerous. The paper used for this purpose is specially prepared and is called filter paper.

The filter in the runnel should, be moistened with the liquid to be fil­tered or with a liquid corresponding to the solvent employed. This pro­motes rapid, filtration, and washes the filter besides. If the liquid to be fil­tered contains free acid or alkali, or a very fine precipitate, or is very dense or hot, a double filter should be used.

One of the most important uses of precipitation is in testing as it af­fords the most ready means of identifying chemical substances or of ascer­taining their purity. A great many pharmacopoeia! tests are based upon this process. The colour, quantity and character of the precipitate are all taken into account. The terms «curdy», «granular», «flocculent», «gelatinous», «crystalline», «bulky» and others, which are sufficiently distinctive, are used to define the particular form which the precipitate assumes.

If solutions containing albuminous matter are heated, a flocculent pre­cipitate of coagulated albumin will be thrown down while if solutions of the silver salts are exposed to light, powdered precipitate will be thrown down.

ВАРИАНТ 15

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Salts are dissolved in water.

2. Some chemical change takes place in the mixing gases.

3. Sodium hydroxide’s molecule is required for neutralization.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. He had a race horse.

2. Children like milk chocolate.

3.There is a book case in the middle of the room.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них функ­цию инфинитива и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I stayed here to see what would happen.

2. To be recognized gave her great joy.

3. She is a woman to suffer in silence.

4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми артиклями.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы и залог глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The letter will be posted in an hour.

2. Yesterday he was told to make a speech.

3. She lived there three month ago.

4. I have not seen you for a long time.

5. He is working now.

6. She had come home by two yesterday.

6. Перепишите предложения и поставьте: 1) общий вопрос к нему; 2) специальный вопрос ко всем членам предложения.

1. The people looked at the little boy with interest.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них Participle I, Participle II, Gerund и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно (он) определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Translate the words written on the blackboard.

2. We saw two boys coming towards us.

3. Working at his desk, he listened to a new CD.

4. Repairing cars is his business.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Mother has to cook dinner after work.

2. They can never appreciate your kindness.

3. Smoking is not allowed here.

4. You shouldn’t treat me like this.

9. Переведите предложения.

1. Я смогу сократить период лечения.

2. В данной статье дается описание применяемых методов.

3. Результаты лечения этого заболевания повлияют на создание новых лекарств.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите тек­ст.

Methazid

White crystalline powder of bitter taste. Melting point is 175-180°. Soluble in mineral and organic acids, insoluble in water and the usual or­ganic solvents.

In its antitubercular potency methazid is close to phthivazid. It is con­siderably less toxic than tubazid and is readily absorbed from the gastroin­testinal tract, penetrating into the spinal fluid.

Indications for use are the same as for phthivazid. Methazid is used in all forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adults, both in fresh cases of the disease and during exacerbations of a chronic process and the presence of symptoms of intoxication. It is likewise indicated in tuberculo­sis of the larynx and oral cavity, tuberculosis of the serous membranes, tuberculosis of the peripheral lymph nodes, bones and joints, skin. In miliary tuberculosis and tubercular meningitis, methazid is used in con­junction with streptomycin.

Methazid is prescribed orally, before meals. During the first few days adults are given 0.2 gm twice a day, if the drug is tolerated well, the dose is increased to 0.3-0.5 gm 3 times daily. Children are given methazid in a daily dose of 0.02 gm per kg body weight, this being prescribed in 2-3 di­vided doses. The duration of treatment is the same as for phthivazid.

Methazid can be used in hospitals and sanatorium conditions, and also in outpatient conditions. The duration of treatment depends on the peculi­arities of the disease in each case, the effectiveness of treatment, and so on. She course of treatment may last from 2 or 3 months to a year or more.

There is usually good tolerance to the drug. During lengthy use the same complications may set in as during the reception of other derivatives of isonicotinic acid. Hydrazide: vertigo, headache, pain in the region of the heart, dermatitism paresthesia, dysuric symptoms, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. In such cases the dose must be reduced or the drag temporarily withdrawn.

Methazid is contraindicated in stenocardia and decompensated heart disease, organic diseases of the central nervous system, and diseases of the kidneys of a nontuberculous character which are accompanied by a de­rangement of the secretory function.