Simple present. Present progressive.

Упражнение 1. Выберите правильный вариант из двух предложенных.

1. Michaelworks\is working as a costume designer for the local theatre company.

2. Computecholds\is holding a five-day seminar on computers for all its employees next week.

3. Lauren doesn’t\isn’t leavingher house before 9 o’clock in the morning.

4. No wonder the phone bills are so high! You always talk\are always talking on the phone!

5. The rate of unemployment is decreasing\decreasesslowly.

6. Bill and Rob repair\are repairingthe cottage at the moment.

7. Do bats live\ Are bats livingin caves?

8. Chris and Helen are having\have a party on Sunday afternoon.

9. They prefer\are prefering to go on holiday in spring when the resorts are less overcrowded.

10. Sheila plays\is playing tennisthree days a week.

11. My mother listens\is listening her favourite radio programme right now.

12. Water boils\is boiling at 100 C.

TEXT A.Прочтите текст, переведите его.

MICROECONOMICS VS. MACROECONOMICS

Economists have two ways of looking at economics and the economy. One is the macro approach, and the other is the micro. Microeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole; microeconomicsis the study of individual consumers and the business firm.

Macroeconomics examines issues such as how fast the economy is running: how much overall output is being generated; how much total income. It also seeks solutions to macroeconomic problems such as how employment can be increased, and what can be done to increase the output of goods and services.

Microeconomics examines cause-and-effect relationships that influence choices of individuals, business firms and society. It is concerned with things such as scarcity, choice and opportunity costs, and with production and consumption. Principal emphasis is given to the study of prices and their role in the economy.

Factors of Production.The resources that go into the creation of goods and services are called the factors of production.The factors of production include natural resources, capital andentrepreneurship. Each factor of production has a place in economic system, and each has a particular function.

Natural Resources or “Land”. Natural resources are the things provided by nature that go into the creation of goods and services. They include such things as mineral, wildlife and timber resources. Our country has been especially rich in natural resources.

Human Resources or “Labour”. Economists call the physical and mental effort that people put into the creation of goods and services labour.

Capital.To the economist capital is something created by people to produce other goods and services. A factory, tools and machines are capital resources because they can be used to produce other goods and services. The term capital is often used to refer to money they can use to buy factories, machinery and similar productive resources.

Entrepreneurship. Closely connected with labour is the concept of entrepreneurship, the managerial or organizational skills needed to produce goods and services. The entrepreneur brings together the other three factors of production. When they are successful, entrepreneurs earn profits. When they are not successful, they suffer losses.

The central problem of economics is to determine the most efficient ways to allocate the factors of production and solve the problem of scarcity created by society’s unlimited wants and the limited resources.

ТЕМА 4. ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫ PERFECT (THE PRESENT PERFECT. THE PAST PERFECT. THE PRESENT? PERFECT CONTINUOUS.

Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски в предложениях сказуемым в форме Present Perfect. Воспользуйтесь глаголами в скобках.

1. I ___ my driving test. (pass)

2. She still ___ my letter. (not\answer)

3. I saw her in May, but ___ her since. (not\see)

4. I ___ never ___ papaya before. (taste).

5. This is the worst storm I ___ ever ___ (see)