Б) о составе зерна пшеницы;

в) о роли злаковых/зерновых культур в жизни людей.

Работа над текстом № 8 «VARIETY OF FOODS IN OUR DIET»

Active Vocabulary:

to elaborate, elaboration; developments; manufacturing, processing, packaging, delivering, storing; preservation, preserves; shelf-life; to extend; to prolong; to displace; effort; advanced; counterpart; convenient; cooking; to supplement; to enjoy popularity

Notes:

counterpart – дубликат, двойник, копия;

controlled and modified atmosphere packaging – вакуумная упаковка

wholly formulated products – продукты с заранее заложенными качествами

dietary (dietetic) bread – диетический хлеб

fat-free milk products – обезжиренные молочные продукты

quick-serve products – продукты быстрого приготовления

semi-product – полуфабрикат

pre-cooked foods – продукты, подвергнутые предварительной кулинарной обработке (варке и др.)

instant – быстрорастворимый

instant noodle snacks – лапша быстрого приготовления

quick-cooking pasta – макароны быстрой варки

ready-to-eat (ready-prepared) snacks – завтрак, готовый к употреблению

potato crisps – хрустящий картофель

crisp rice – хрустящий рис

extrusion – экструзия; формование выпрессовыванием

puffing – взрывание

puffed products – воздушный/взорванный/зерновой продукт

Nowadays, there is a great variety of foods due to the advanced technology developed all over the world. Therefore scientific and engineering developments in the food industry are mainly aimed at the elaboration of different efficient methods of food manufacturing, processing, packaging and delivering.

One more problem, however, is storing. The problem of extending the shelf-life of processed foods is extremely significant. Much attention is being paid to food preservation in order to keep good quality and nutritive value. Manufacturers can already apply controlled and modified atmosphere packaging, ionising radiation, cold sterilization and other methods. Thanks to these methods, new materials and equipment for packaging the foodstuffs for prolonged storage have appeared: vegetable and meat preserves, sauces, mayonnaises, dry confectionary mixes, pasta products, etc.

As a result of the efforts of food manufacturers it has also become possible to displace the so-called traditional foods by frozen counterparts – frozen cake dough, frozen vegetables and fruit, frozen yeast, and many others.

Now, food manufacturers can supply people with wholly formulated products. As an example, first came flour, then cake mix, then ready-to-eat cakes. Another aspect of food manufacturing is the production of purpose-oriented foods: dietary bread or fat-free milk products.

Then, it is necessary to mention quick-serve products including semiproducts and pre-cooked foods that help to shorten the period of cooking and make the process more convenient. This group of foods includes instant soups, coffee and juices as well as quick-cooking pasta, instant noodle snacks, etc.

At last, it is impossible not to say about ready-to-eat (ready-prepared) snacks, potato crisps, crisps rice and, first of all, cereal breakfasts. Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals can be made through the use of extrusion or puffing. Usually wheat and rice are mostly used as raw material.

One can see that all these kinds of foods enjoy great popularity with the people of different age as they greatly supplement their diet and make easier the process of cooking.

Задания

1. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the aim of food manufacturers today? 2. How is the problem of storing being solved? 3. What foods for prolonged storage have appeared? 4. What new types of foods can you speak about? 5. Why do new types of foods enjoy great popularity? 6. What foods do you prefer?