Read the sentences, match them with the functions
Modal verbs and their equivalents
Ex. 1 Complete the chart with your own examples
| Notion verbs | Modal verbs | Auxiliary verbs | Linking verbs |
 |
Modal Verbs of necessity------ Modals verbs ------Modal Verbs of possibility
The modal verbs of necessity
| Глагол | Present | Past | Future | С перфектной формой |
| Must Долженствование | Must | -- | -- | -- |
| To have to Вынужденная необходимость ввиду сложившихся обстоятельств | Have/has to | Had to | Shall/will + have to | -- |
| Ought to Моральный долг, вежливое настояние | Ought to | -- | -- | Обозначает действие, которое требовалось и должно было состоятся, но не состоялась |
| Should Необходимость, чье-либо субъективное мнение или совет | Should | -- | -- | То же |
| Need Отсутствие необходимости, нецелесообразность | Need | -- | -- | Обозначает действие, в совершении которого не было необходимости, надобности |
| To be to Необходимость предусмотренная планом | Am/is/are to | Was/were to | -- | Обозначает действие, которое должно было совершиться, но не совершилось |
The modal verbs of possibility
| Глагол | Present | Past | Future |
| Can/ To be able to Выражает реальную возможность, физическую или умственную способность | Can Am/is/are + able to | Could Was/were + able to | Shall/will + able to |
| May/ be allowed to Выражает допущение возможности, разрешение совершить действие | May Am/is/are + allowed | Might Was/were + allowed | Shall/will + be allowed |
Modal verbs with Simple Infinitive and Perfect Infinitive
Simple Infinitive
Some corrections must be made in the program.
Perfect Infinitive
Some mistakes must have been made in the program.
COMPARE
| This result may be extended to all the cases. | This result may have been extended to all the cases. |
| The difficulty must be overcome. | The difficulty must have been overcome. |
1.Read a web page, find the modal verbs. Match them with their meanings – a. not necessary, b. necessary, c. not allowed/ not possible, d. allowed/ possible
Wacky Weddings. com
Do you want a wedding with a difference? Here’s a list of wacky weddings we can arrange. Click on a wedding for prices and more information.
1. 
Say ‘I do’ with tropical fish as your uninvited guests! You don’t have to be an expert diver but inexperienced coupes have to take lessons. A seaweed bouquet is included in the price.
2. Are you a fan of the ‘King of Rock and Roll’? Then we think this is the wedding for you. You can get married outside the front gates of Graceland, his old mansion home. We have just one rule – the groom mustn’t dress up like him.
3. Get married on a river or in a quiet cave. You needn’t be experienced canoeists but you must be able to swim. Non-swimmers can’t choose this wedding.
4. Exchange rings 4.000 m above sea level – then ski down together after the ceremony! But you don’t have to – instead, you can ride down in a snowmobile or ski lift.
5. Skydive and parachute to the ceremony! You can’t do this without going on a course of skydiving lessons.
Read the sentences, match them with the functions
1. You have to collect the flowers before five o’clock – the shop closes at five. 2. You must wear a suit ant a tie. 3. Can you park the cars in the town car park, please?
a. request b. obligation c. strong obligation from the speaker
3.Listen to a conversation on the beach. Complete the gaps.
¾ Hey, look at that yacht.
¾ They must be seriously …
¾ Yes. Do you recognize them? They could be …
¾ Or they may have won the lottery! And look! There’s a girl swimming near them.
¾ She might know them.
¾ I don’t think so. She’s a long way from the …
¾ She may not realize that. She might be snorkeling.
¾ One thing’s for sure, she can’t be … about swimming back. Or she might not know about the …!
¾ 
Can you see that guy over there? He’s horribly sunburnt!
¾ Wow! She must have been in the sun all day.
¾ Mm. he might have fallen …
¾ Well, he can’t have put any sun cream on, that’s for sure.