Be be study speak stop stop start do eat pay realize
1. It’s time we ___________ home.
2. It’s about time you ___________harder.
3. It’s time you ___________ to your partner about the problem.
4. It’s about time you ___________ staying out so late.
5. It’s time you ___________ doing your homework.
6. It’s high time you ___________ more exercise.
7. It’s about time we ___________ more sensibly.
8. It’s high time you ___________ more polite.
9. It’s time you ___________ a visit to your friend.
10. It’s about time we ___________ we can’t finish the project on time.
11. It’s high time he ___________ pretending to be healthy.
Task 67. Look at the pictures. Describe them with the help of ‘it’s (high, about) time…’.
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
Task 68.Translate into English using ‘it’s time’ and ‘if only’:
| 1. Давно пора тебе принимать самостоятельные решения. | |
| 2. Мы опаздываем на ужин. Пора возвращаться домой. | |
| 3. Уже давно пора исправить эту ошибку. | |
| 4. Если бы я только знал, сколько времени на это потрачу! – Тебе уже пора научиться рационально использовать свое время. | |
| 5. Если бы только лейкемию умели лечить. Давно пора найти метод борьбы с этой болезнью. | |
| 6. Если бы только все случилось не так неожиданно. – Но тебе пора понять, что иногда проблемы могут возникнуть внезапно. | |
| 7. Если бы только отец помог мне собрать мой новый велосипед. Сегодня вечером я мог бы уже покататься. | |
| 8. Пора начать новую жизнь без лени и вредных привычек. | |
| 9. Если бы только я не был таким слепым. Я бы сразу все понял. | |
| 10. Если бы только я не принял то решение! |
3) in an adverbial subordinate clause of comparison introduced by the conjunctions as if, as though and used after the notional verbs:
| to do smth. | as if/as though | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect would + non-perfect infinitive |
E.g.: He loved the boy as if he were his own son.
She knew English so well as though she had lived in England.
She began to cry as though her heart would break.
Would + non-perfect infinitive is used in this case to express an action in the future.
Task 69.Translate into Russian. Analyze the form of the verb given in bold:
1. Don’t react as if nothing had happened.
2. You are smiling as if you didn’t understand what is going on.
3. When I entered there was silence as if everyone had fallen asleep.
4. You told it as if you hadjust made it up.
5. Robin didn’t answer as if he hadn’t heard my question.
6. Mr. Greenfield stopped as though he had realized what he was saying.
7. She closed her eyes as if she wantedto sleep.
8. Charles didn’t want to leave as if we would miss something important without him.
Task 70.Fill in the gaps with the necessary form of Subjunctive II in adverbial subordinate clauses of comparison introduced by ‘as if/though’:
1. When I opened the door I suddenly heard a noise as if something ______(fall).
2. Her voice was clear and loud as if she __________ (become) a famous speaker one day.
3. You behave as if you ___________ (be) in love.
4. She clutched the letter to her heart as if it ______ (be) the dearest thing of hers.
5. Sarah frowned as if she ___________ (not like) the idea.
6. She looked at me as if it ___________ (be) the end of the dinner and she wanted me to leave.
7. He was feeling better day by day as if he ___________ (recover).
8. She looked fresh and clean as if she ___________ (not walk) 5 miles 5 minutes ago.
Task 71.Complete the following sentences:
1. He stood speechless as if ___________.
2. He stared at his watch as if _________.
3. He greeted us as if ________________.
4. She was so proud of him as though ___.
5. He read each story in that book again and again as if _____________________.
6. Her words were short and bitter as though _____________________________.
7. She lay motionlessly as if __________.
8. Everyone tried to keep silent as if ____.
9. Whenever the phone rang she rushed to it as though _____________________.
4) in a predicative subordinate clause introduced by the conjunctions as if, as though. In this case the subordinate predicative clause is used after the link-verbs look, be, become, seem, feel, etc:
| to look to be to sound to seem to feel to smell | as if/as though | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect would + non-perfect infinitive |
E.g.: She looked as if she were ill.
It was as if nothing had happened.
Father sounded as if he would never agree with me.
Task 72.Fill in the gaps with the necessary form of Subjunctive II in predicative clauses introduced by ‘as if/though’:
1. She looked as if she ___________(be)very ill.
2. We felt as if we _________ (be)students again.
3. Whenever I met them it looked as if they ___________ (be) friends.
4. You look as if you __________ (have) neither food nor sleep the last two days.
5. He felt as if he ___________ (have) a cold.
6. He looked as though he just ___________ (step) from the pages of a fashion magazine.
7. It was as though somebody he knew ___________ (write) the story.
8. When he finally broke the unpleasant silence his voice sounded as if he never ___________ (speak).
9. She always smelled as though she always ___________ (carry) with her bunches of wild flowers.
10. His voice sounded as if he ________never _________ (forgive) me.
Task 73.Describe the pictures using the verb ‘look’ and the conjunction ‘as if/though’:
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
Task 74. Translate the following sentences into English paying special attention to the forms of the verbs in clauses introduced by the conjunction ‘as if/though’:
| 1. Вы так загорели, как будто все лето провели на юге. | |
| 2. У Вас такой вид, как будто Вам плохо. | |
| 3. Я помню все так хорошо, как будто все случилось вчера. | |
| 4. Он говорит так, как будто ему не 18 лет, а 80. | |
| 5. Она дышит так тяжело, как будто бежала всю дорогу. | |
| 6. У меня такое чувство, как будто меня обманули. | |
| 7. Мне вдруг стало грустно, как будто я уже никогда не вернусь в родной город. | |
| 8. Он не показал вида, как будто не заметил моего прибытия. | |
| 9. Он стоял у платформы, как будто ждал отправления поезда. | |
| 10. Она быстро собирала вещи, как будто не помнила своего горя. |
5) in an adverbial subordinate clause of unreal condition introduced by the conjunction if:
| if | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect |
E.g.: If it were summer now, I would go to the south.
If you had taken the medicine yesterday, you would be better now.
6) in an adverbial subordinate clause of concession introduced by the conjunctions even if, even though:
| even if even though | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect |
E.g.: Even if Sarah had married Larry, they wouldn’t have been happy.
Even ifit were true, he couldn’t say so.
Task 75. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form in the following clauses of concession and condition:
1. Even if we ___________ (meet) then, I wouldn’t have recognized him.
2. If you ___________ (be) me, what would you do?
3. If he ___________ (agree), would anyone notice the difference?
4. Even if I __________ (know) you were safe, I wouldn’t have fallen asleep.
5. If you ___________ (be) less busy, you would have noticed my worry.
6. She looks quite young, and even if someone ___________ (tell) you her age, you wouldn’t believe.
7. If you ___________ (promote), you would be running the whole company now.
8. If the city ______ (expand) the parking space, we wouldn’t have to park so far.
9. Even if Maya ________ (calm) down, she wouldn’t have passed her driving test last week.
10. We would be lying on the beach in California now, if I ________(be able) to get our visas on time.
Task 76.Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the subordinate clauses of condition and concession:
| 1. Если бы я была достаточно взрослой, я бы поняла серьезность той ситуации. | |
| 2. Даже если бы они начали работу сразу, они бы не смогли закончить ее вовремя. | |
| 3. Если бы ты обратился к декану за консультацией, ты бы не сделал столько ошибок в документах. | |
| 4. Даже если бы за это время возникли какие-то изменения, они бы не повлияли на наше решение. | |
| 5. Мы бы все были рады, если бы он имел успех на завтрашнем вечере. | |
| 6. Если бы вы были внимательнее на последнем уроке , вы бы владели материалом лучше. | |
| 7. Если бы он тогда не болел, он мог бы оказаться в более опасной ситуации. | |
| 8. Этот фильм понравился бы мне больше, если бы он был односерийным. | |
| 9. Если бы нам не сказали о заседании, мы бы не успели приготовить доклад. | |
| 10. Даже если бы ты ей помог, она бы не почувствовала ни капли благодарности. |
7) in an object subordinate clause after the verb to wish:
| to wish | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect would + non-perfect infinitive |
E.g.: I wish it weresummer now.
I wish you spoke some foreign language.
I wish I had seen this film.
I wish you would stop complaining.
In subordinate clauses after “wish” the second person pronoun + would can show a polite or impolite request depending on intonation:
I wish you would shut up! – Замолчали бы вы! I wish you'd give her a message for me. - Не могли бы вы передать ей мою просьбу?
Wish+ the third person + would can show a wish for the future, exclamation, irritation, anger:
I wish she wouldn't sing in the bath. – Когда же она перестанет петь в ванной? I wish the music would stop. – Когда же эта музыка прекратится?
To express regret for the future action in the subordinate clause the modal verb couldmay be used:
I wish they could come to see me tomorrow. – Жаль, что они не смогут посетить меня завтра.
Sentences with wish are translated into Ukrainian as ‘жаль, что’, ‘хорошо было бы, если’, ‘хотелось бы’:
I wish he were here. – Жаль, что его с нами нет. I wish he were here. – Мне бы хотелось, чтобы он был с нами. I wish he were here. – Хорошо было бы, если бы он был с нами.
Task 77.Comment on the use of the Subjunctive II in object clauses after the verb to wish and translate the sentences:
1. He wished he had answered differently.
2. I wish I knew how to reach reliable results.
3. I only wish that you could come with me, Margaret.
4. She wished that it had been possible not to cause those people such distress.
5. I wish you didn’t have such shrewd eyes.
6. I wished I hadn’t wasted so much money.
7. I wish I appreciated your compliment but I don’t.
8. He had nothing against snowboarding – he wished he had taken it up when he was a young man.
9. He wished he felt better.
10. Oh, I wish I hadn’t senthim that letter.
11. I know this is none of my business. But I wish I knew what it’s all about.
12. I wish we’d left old Miss Braver alone.
13. I wish you could stay and then we could talk over my work.
14. I wish it would stop snowing.
15. I always remember everything but I wish I didn’t.
16. I wish you didn’t have to go. Why should you?
Task 78. Study the information below and complete the sentences:
| There are three types of I wish sentences: |
| 1. REGRETS with the PAST PERFECT, e.g. I wish I hadn't got so angry. |
| 2. WANTING CHANGE FOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE with the PAST SIMPLE, e.g. I wish I had enough money to go to Miami this summer. |
| 3. COMPLAINTSor POLITE IMPERATIVE with WOULD + INFINITIVE e.g. I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the time. I wish you would be more attentive! |
| Regrets | |
| I wish I ____________ (not get) drunk and kissed Sam. | |
| I wish it ____________(not rain) so much. The garden's turned to mud. | |
| I wish I ____________ (not park) there, I wouldn't have to pay now. | |
| Wanting change | |
| I wish I ____________ (have) more time for my hobbies. | |
| I wish it ____________(rain) more often in Egypt. | |
| I wish I _____________ (not have) to go to your niece's wedding. | |
| Complaints | |
| I wish you __________ (not argue) so much. | |
| I wish it ____________ (rain). The garden's as dry as a bone. | |
| I wish he ___________ (not give) so much work. | |
| Mixed | |
| I wish George __________ (not be) so horrible to his brother. He's a really nice guy. | |
| I wish the council ___________ (not demolish) that beautiful old house. It was the symbol of the city. | |
| I wish I ____________ (have) enough money to go to John's wedding in the United States. | |
| I wish I ___________ (not tell) her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. | |
| I wish you ____________ (not speak) to your mother like this. | |
| I wish we ____________ (not buy) this printer. The cartridges are so expensive. | |
| I wish you ___________ (not drive) so fast. It's only a matter of time before you kill someone. |
Task 79.Complete the sentences using the proper form of the verb given in brackets. Mind that more than one variant may be possible:
1. I wish you ___________ (go) with us to the aquapark last Sunday.
2. I wish Pam ___________ (drive) to work. I’d ask her for a ride home.
3. I wish I _________ (can/swim) so I would feel safe in a boat.
4. I wish you __________ (stop) arguing and try to work things out.
5. I wish we ___________ (not lose) the game last night.
6. I wish Bill ___________ (get) the promotion.
7. I wish I ____________ (not quit) my job until I’d got another one.
8. I wish it __________ (be) winter so that I could go sledging.
9. I wish Andrew ____________ (sing) a couple of songs. He has a good voice.
10. I wish Natalie ___________ (take) her children with her tomorrow. They would be good company for Steve.
11. I wish someone __________ (offer) to help us when we got lost in the middle of this city.
12. Clare’s in trouble with the teacher. Now she wishes she ___________ (not miss) class three times this week.
13. Henry doesn’t like his job. He wishes he _____________ (go) to art school when he was younger. He wishes he ___________ (paint) canvasses instead of houses.
14. I wish I ___________ (not move) to this town. I seem to have made no friends, and everything is so congested.
15. I know I should quit smoking. I wish you ___________ (stop) nagging me about it.
16. I wish my husband __________ (not invite) the neighbours over for lunch when he talked to them this morning. I don’t feel like cooking at all.
17. A: Do you like the new head of our association?
B: I wish he __________ (not win). I shouldn’t have voted for him.
A: Then you probably wish I ____________ (not vote) for him. If you remember, he won by only two votes. You and I could have changed the result of the election.
18. A: I wish we always ____________ (get) everything we want.
B: Well, probably, you wish money ___________ (grow) on trees.
19. My twelve-year-old daughter wishes she ___________ (be) taller and that her hair _____________ (be) blond, long and curly.
20. I wish you __________ (go) to see a doctor today. You had better find out what’s wrong with you.
Task 80.Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use the Subjunctive Mood after the verb ‘to wish’:
1. He was sorry he couldn't accept the invitation to join us.
He wished he could accept the invitation to join us.
2. It’s a pity you were absent yesterday.
__
3. I'd like you to be more careful.
__
4. They are sorry they didn't invite her.
__
5. He was disappointed that he would not be able to see the film.
__
6. I regret now that I didn’t tell her all the truth.
__
7. What a pity you can't swim.
__
8. I'm awfully sorry I kept you waiting so long.
__
9. It's a pity I couldn't go to the theatre with you.
__
10. I'm very sorry that I have disturbed you.
__
11. It's a pity you are leaving so soon.
__
12. I'd like to see the film again.
__
13. It was a pity we could not see the stage well.
__
14. They were sorry they hadn't taken a taxi and had missed their train.
__
Task 81.Translate into English using the Subjunctive Mood in object clauses with the verb ‘to wish’:
| 1. Жаль, что вы были так неосторожны. | |
| 2. Жаль, что мы были вынуждены решить этот вопрос без тебя. | |
| 3. Жаль, что вы не интересуетесь искусством. | |
| 4. Сейчас я жалею, что не захватил таблетки от головной боли. | |
| 5. Ты пожалеешь, что не пошел со мной. | |
| 6. Жаль, что вы не сохранили письмо. | |
| 7. Хотя бы ты ей сказал, что это невежливо. | |
| 8. Хорошо было бы, если бы вы всегда приходили вовремя. | |
| 9. Жаль, что доктор уже ушел. Я не спросила его как принимать лекарства. | |
| 10. Жаль, что мы не знаем его адрес. | |
| 11. Жаль, что я не могу в подробностях описать вам сцену, которая случилась после этого. | |
| 12. Жаль, что я вынужден работать в праздник. | |
| 13. Жаль, что преподаватель не обращает никакого внимания на мое произношение. |
Task 82. A:Imagine that you have found a magic seven-petal flower and have been granted seven wishes. Think of your wishes and write them down on the petals:
 |
B:Compare your wishes with your groupmates’ ones and answer the following questions:
1. How many wishes were for the present (for the future or about the past)?
2. How many wishes were about money (family members, giving up some habit)?
3. What was the most popular topic of the wishes?
4. What was the most extraordinary wish?
Task 83.Write an essay of 200 words on one of the following topics:
1. I Wish I Could Read Thoughts.
2. I Wish I Were Invisible.
3. I Wish My Dream Came True.
______________________________
____________
8) in simple and composite sentences with had better expressing advice or the best thing to do in a particular situation:
| smb/smth. | had better | non-perfect bare infinitive |
E.g.: You’d better go at once.
I had better not tell you about this.
9) in simple sentences with would rather expressing preference:
| smb. | would rather | non-perfect bare infinitive perfect bare infinitive |
E.g.: I’d rather do my washing tomorrow. I would rather not have taken that flight yesterday.
10) in complex sentences with would rather when the subject of would rather is different from the subject of the following verb:
| smb. | would rather | smb/smth. | Past Simple Past Perfect |
E.g. I’d ratherJane stayed here tonight. I’d rather John hadn’t taken his father’s car yesterday.
Task 84.Translate the following sentences into Russian:
1. I’d rather you didn’t smoke in here.
2. We’d rather you spent your salary on something else.
3. You had better change the lock or your house will be robbed one day.
4. I’d rather my parents had never mademe go dancing.
5. You had better not leave now. You’ll miss everything interesting.
6. Would you rather have a big family or climb a career ladder?
7. I’d rather cook myself than eat in fast-food restaurants.
8. They had better book a hotel room.
9. Jack would rather not have decided to change his job.
10. I’d rather my mum lived closer to me.
Task 85.Complete the sentences with ‘had better’, ‘would rather’ and an appropriate form of the verb given in brackets:
1. The train is at six. You ____________ (start) packing.
2. Jack __________ (sleep) than worked last night.
3. She ___________ (not come) yesterday.
4. You look terrible. You __________(have) some hot milk with butter and honey.
5. The photographer __________we __________ (stand) closer to each other.
6. I __________ (die) than apologize to Helen.
7. I _________ you __________ (go out) alone tonight.
8. I ____________ (have) a quite evening in front of the TV.
9. The policeman __________ the crowd ________ (leave) the scene of the crime.
10. I ________ you __________ (not go out) with your friends.
11. She ________ his voice ___________ (not dominate) throughout the conversation that night.
12. I ________ they ___________ (not have) quarrels so frequently.
13. You _________ (have) a little rest.
14. I ___________ (not go) to that school when I was a child.
15. They __________ (discuss) it man-to-man.
16. You __________ (not talk) with your mouth full.
17. I __________ (die) than marry you.
18. You _________ (have) a massage.
19. I _________ my phone bill ________ (not be) so big last month.
Task 86. Paraphrase the following sentences using ‘would rather’ or ‘had better’:
1. I advise you not to take out a loan. You won’t pay it back.
You had better not take out a loan. You won’t pay it back.
2. I’ll phone Sandra. – No, don’t, please.
__
3. I suppose it would be better if George studied harder tonight.
__
4. You should have asked my permission first.
__
5. I’ll watch a thriller. I don’t like comedies.
__
6. You ask the policeman. I don’t want to speak to him.
__
7. I’d prefer Martha to stay in tonight.
__
8. Why doesn’t she want to work with Steven? I don’t want her to work with us.
__
9. You should see a public notary on this question.
__
10. I should have chosen the other option.
__
11. I’d like some fish, not meat.
__
12. You must do the job yourself.
__
13. I would prefer to live on the outskirts than in the city centre.
__
14. Can we talk about this over dinner? I have no time right now.
__
15. I’d prefer the boss not to find out I was late.
__
16. I don’t want you to wear so much jewelry.
__
17. Your essay is good, but you just need to polish it a bit.
__
Task 87. Answer the following questions using ‘I would rather … because…’:
1. You have a chance to go to GB or Australia on an exchange. Where would you prefer to go?
2. You’ve won 40,000 pounds in a lottery. Would you rather spend the money on a new apartment or on studying abroad?
3. You terribly need extra money. Would you look for a part-time job or ask your parents to give you some?
4. You have a chance to go on a trip around the world and take two people with you. Would you rather take your parents or friends?
5. After graduating from the university you’re offered two jobs: as an interpreter in a foreign company and as a teacher in a lyceum. Which one would you choose?
Task 88. You have the opportunity to choose the place to live in the rest of your life. Which place would you rather live in? Explain your choice in at least five sentences.
Oriental PalaceMountain Mansion
Medieval Castle Skyscraper
Task 89. Imagine you’re a form monitor at school. From time to time your students come to you to ask for help. Give them advice on the following problems:
1. It seems I have twisted my ankle. It hurts so much. What should I do?
______
2. I’ve got a bad memory. I can’t remember anything. How can I improve it?
______
3. Dwain, a senior student, is always making me give him all my pocket money. He threatens to beat me if I don’t. What am I to do?
______
4. My parents are busy all the time. They often have me look after my three-year old sister and, as a result, I have little time for my homework. I’m not making much progress. Could you help me?
______
5. It’s time I made up my mind about what I’m going to do in the future. I’m good both at exact science and humanities. Moreover, I like them both. Will you help me in making my choice?
______
Task 90. Translate into English using ‘would rather’ and ‘had better’ where possible:
| 1. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты пришел на следующей неделе. | |
| 2. Лучше бы мы в прошлом году провели свой отпуск в горах, чем на море. | |
| 3. Лучше бы ты здесь не курил. У меня аллергия на табачный дым. | |
| 4. Лучше я поеду на поезде – ненавижу летать. | |
| 5. Он очень волнуется перед операцией. Лучше бы тебе зайти к нему после 15 января, когда он полностью поправится. | |
| 6. Лучше бы тебе не портить мне настроение с самого утра. Это может привести к довольно серьезным последствиям. | |
| 7. Думаю, тебе нужно детальнее описать в резюме свои умения и достижения. | |
| 8. Не веди себя, как ребенок. Лучше бы тебе привыкать ко взрослой жизни. | |
| 9. Лучше бы я родился в XVIII веке, полного геройства и особого очарования. | |
| 10. Тебе не нужно было так категорично высказываться по поводу этой ситуации. Питер очень расстроился. | |
| 11. Лучше бы Джек вложил деньги в антикварную мебель. Он потратил все на акции того предприятия, но не заработал ни копейки. |