Present Perfect vs Past Simple

PRESENT PERFECT (настоящее завершенное) 1.действие связано с настоящим, нас интересует результат. 2.способ образования: have has + III-я форма глагола 3.обстоятельства: This year (month, week) Today Always – всегда Already – уже Never – никогда Ever – когда–либо Just – только что Yet – еще не So far – до сих пор Recent = lately – недавно Since May – с мая Have you ever been to London? I have not seen you for ages. He has just translated the text. – Он только что перевел текст. 4.вопросительное слово: How long have you known him?

PAST SIMPLE (простое прошедшее время) 1.действие несвязано с настоящим, действие было в прошлом. 2. способ образования: а) правильные глаголы: V + ed (translated) б) неправильные глаголы: 2-я колонка по таблице. 3.обстоятельства: yesterday last year (month, week) 2 days ago the day before yesterday-позавчера He saw this film yesterday. She wrote a letter 2 days ago. 4.вопросительное слово: Whendid you see him?

Exercise 1

Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect.

1. She is very happy: her son (to finish) school. 2. My brother (to train) at the stadium from six till eight yesterday. 3. My sister (to buy) a pair of nice model shoes this month. 4. I (not to dance) for ages. 5. When Nick (to come) from school, his friends (to play) in the yard. 6. When your sister (to go) to London? 7. My friend just (to recover) after a serious illness. 8. I never (to be) to the Bahamas. 9. At this time yesterday we (to talk) about you. 10. I (to speak) to my friend yesterday. 11. Look! Kate (to wash) all the dishes. 12. Your mother (to return) from work? Can I speak to her? 13. She (to do) her flat the whole day on Saturday. 14. The cat (to drink) all the milk which I (to give) it. 15. You ever (to be) to Piccadilly Circus? 16. He (not to read) Turgenev since he was a pupil. 17. They (to reach) the river by sunset. 18. I (not yet to receive) an answer to my letter. 19. Only when she was going to bed, she remembered that she (to forget) to ring up her friend. 20. We already (to study) seven English tenses. 21. He (to spend) two weeks in Scotland two years ago. 22. I (to buy) a lovely fashionable dress. Now I shall look smart at the party. 23. He (to learn) English before he (to go) to the USA. 24. When she (to spend) all her money, she (to go) home.

Exercise №2

Put the verbs in brackets into: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. My friend (to like) pies. He (to eat) pies every day. When I (to meet) him in the street yesterday, he (to eat) a pie. He (to tell) me that he (to buy) that pie at the corner of the street. Look at my friend now! He (to eat) a pie again. 2. I always (to come) to school at a quarter to nine. 3. Yesterday I (to come) to school at ten minutes to nine. 4. Tomorrow Nick (not to go) to the cinema because he (to go) to the cinema yesterday. He already (to be) to the cinema this week. He (to stay) at home and (to play) a computer game. 5. What your brother (to do) now? 6. My father (to work) in an office. It (to be) Sunday now. He (not to work), he (to read) at home. 7. I (not to see) you for a while! You (to be) busy at work? – I (to have) an awful week, you (to know). 8. What he (to do) at ten o’clock last night? – He (not to do) anything really. He just (to look) at some magazines. 9. We (to have) rather a difficult time at the moment. – I (to be) sorry to hear that. 10. Something awful (to happen). Her little daughter (to swallow) a coin. 11. She (to ask) me if I (to see) her glasses. 12. After the boys (to do) all the work, they (to go) to the pictures.

PASSIVE VOICE

(страдательный залог)

to be +Participle II (V₃)

Passive Voice	Present	Past	Future
Indefinite( Simple)	am is given are	was given were	shall be given will be
Continuous	am is + being given are	was +being given
	were
Perfect	has + been given have	had been given	shall will + have been given
Perfect Continuous

1.Обратите внимание на то, что в сказуемом, стоящем в страдательном залоге, спрягается только вспомогательный глагол «to be», а смысловой глагол в форме Participle II остается без изменений.

Например:

l. This experiment was done by all first-year students.

2. The problem will be solved next month.

3. The machine is being tested in the laboratory now.

4. New powerful ventilators will have been installed in our shop by October.

2.Укажите цифровой и буквенный индекс, где выделенное слово входит в состав сказуемого в страдательном залоге:

a) The text translated by him is interesting.

b) The texts given by our teacher are easily translated.

c) We translated the text yesterday.

d) The translated text was given to our teacher.

a) The plant has already increased the production of new machines.

b) The increased production of new machines is of great importance
for our industry.