Смешанный тип условных предложений (Mixed Conditional)
Условные предложения смешанного типа представляют собой сочетания второго и третьего типов. В таких предложениях либо условие, либо следствие относятся к прошлому.
Если к прошлому относится условие, а следствие – к настоящему, в придаточном предложении (условия) используется Past Perfect (как в 3-ем типе), а в главном предложении – Future-in-the-Past(как во 2-ом типе):
If you had done your job properly, we wouldn't be in this mess now. – Если бы ты сделал свою работу как надо, мы не оказались бы сейчас в таком положении.
If I hadn't married Kelly, I wouldn't live in Scotland now. – Если бы я не женился на Келли, я бы сейчас не жил в Шотландии.
Если к прошлому относится следствие, а условие не ограничивается прошлым, в придаточном предложении (условия) используется прошедшее время (Past) (как во 2-ом типе), а в главном предложении – время Future-in-the-Past Perfect, то есть вспомогательные глаголы would have и смысловой глагол в третьей форме(как в 3-ем типе):
If we were soldiers, we wouldn't have done it like that. – Если бы мы были солдатами, мы бы тогда сделали всё по-другому.
Возможны и другие вариации.
Примечание:
Вместо союза if могут употребляться и другие слова или словосочетания, близкие ему по значению: unless (если не), in case (в случае, если), provided that (при условии, что) и т.д. На использование времен и грамматических конструкций в условных предложениях это никак не влияет.
I. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate tense
1. I wouldn't have brought the umbrella if I (know) that it was not raining.
2. If he is there he (answer) the phone.
3. I (not buy) these things if I were you.
4. I (bring) you some food if I had known that you were hungry.
5. If I had known you didn't like the food, I (not buy) it.
6. You will smell if you (not change) your clothes.
7. If you (wear) this coat, nobody would have recognized you.
8. She (not have) so many accidents if she drove more carefully.
9. I'll get lost if you (not go) with me.
10. If you shake that bottle, it (not be) fit to drink.
11. We'll have to walk if we (run out) of petrol here.
12. If you were unemployed, what (you do)?
13. Unless you turn that music down, I (go) mad.
14. I could repair the roof myself if I (have) a longer ladder.
15. If you (read) the article carefully, you wouldn't have asked anything.
16. What (you do) if you heard the alarm?
17. Someone (steal) your glasses if you leave them there.
18. If someone offered to buy you one of those cars, which one (you choose)?
19. If you go to London, where (you stay)?
20. If you pass the exam, we (celebrate) it.
21. If the weather had been better, we (come) by bike.
22. If Alice (have) more money, she would go to Africa.
23. They will stay longer in Paris if they (find) a cheap hotel.
24. If Sarah (not eat) so much junk food, she could have been in the school hockey team.
25. John's mother (have) more time for him if he does the washing up.
26. If Steven had taken his camera, he (take) nice pictures.
27. If you listened carefully, you (know) about it.
28. If Brian (like) horses, he could ride well.
29. He can write good stories if he (feel) like it.
30. If you were older, you (go) to the party.
II. Open the brackets
1) (If / When) I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work out.
2) She hates TV. She thinks television is a waste of time. (If / When) she watches any television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program.
3) My friend always keeps in touch by mail. (If / When) I get a letter, I usually write back immediately.
4) If I (have) enough money, I (go) on safari to Kenya. However, my bank account is empty!
5) I love to travel! When I (have) enough money, I (go) abroad. I do it almost every year.
6) I really wanted to go on safari to Kenya with my friends, but I couldn't afford to go. If I (have) enough money, I (go) with them.
7) I'm sorry, I didn't know you were allergic to chocolate. If I (know), I (make) you a vanilla birthday cake.
8) Stop asking me what Amanda bought you for Christmas. Even if I (know) what she bought you, I (tell, not) you.
9) Nobody here speaks English. Too bad Gloria isn't here. If she (be) with us, she (can) act as our interpreter.
10) I am afraid I won't be able to come to your wedding next week because my company is sending me to New York to attend a trade show. I (miss, never) your wedding if I (have) a choice in the matter.
11) If the weather is nice tomorrow, she (walk) along the river to school.
12) If you help me move tomorrow, I (treat) you to a dinner and a movie.
13) If you were to help me move tomorrow, I (treat) you to a dinner and a movie.
14) If I were in Tahiti right now, I (snorkel) along a beautiful reef. I wouldn't be stuck here in this office with mountains of paperwork.
15) If Jerry hadn't stopped to pick up that quarter, he (cross) the street when the bus ran the red light. He might have been killed!
16) Tina's train arrived ahead of schedule. If I hadn't decided to go to the train station early, she (wait) there for more than twenty minutes before I arrived.
17) If I (pass) the test, I (get) an "A" in the class. Instead, I got a "C." I really should have studied more.
18) If I (be) rich, I (buy) that new Mercedes we saw yesterday. Unfortunately, I can't even afford a used car.
19) We (go) skiing this weekend, but there's no snow. Oh, well! We will just have to find something else to do instead.
20) If Heather spoke Chinese, she (translate) the email for you yesterday.
III. Fill in the gaps
1. If you come tonight, I ________ really happy. (to be)
2. I ________ that if I were you. (to try)
3. His mother ________ to him if she had known that he had a problem. (to talk)
4. If I were you, I ________ that job. (to quit)
5. If she calls me, I ________. (to answer)
6. If I had known this test would be so difficult, I ________ harder. (to study)
7. I ________ to work if I hadn't been so sick. (to go)
8. If I wake up before 8:00 AM, I ________ you breakfast. (to make)
9. If he knew, he ________ you. (to tell)
10. If I had gone there, I ________ her. (to see)
Приложение
Таблица неправильных глаголов
| I | II | III | Значение |
| be | was; were | been | быть |
| bear | bore | born; borne | родить |
| beat | beat | beaten | бить |
| become | became | become | становиться |
| begin | began | begun | начинать |
| bind | bound | bound | связать |
| bite | bit | bit; bitten | кусать |
| bleed | bled | bled | кровоточить |
| blow | blew | blown | дуть |
| break | broke | broken | ломать |
| bring | brought | brought | приносить |
| build | built | built | строить |
| burn | burnt; burned | burnt; burned | жечь; гореть |
| buy | bought | bought | покупать |
| can | could | could | мочь; уметь |
| catch | caught | caught | ловить, хватать, успеть |
| choose | chose | chosen | выбирать |
| come | came | come | приходить |
| cost | cost | cost | стоить |
| cut | cut | cut | резать |
| do | did | done | делать |
| draw | drew | drawn | рисовать, тащить |
| dream | dreamt; dreamed | dreamt; dreamed | грезить; мечтать |
| drink | drank | drunk | пить |
| drive | drove | driven | водить (машину etc.) |
| eat | ate | eaten | кушать; есть |
| fall | fell | fallen | падать |
| feed | fed | fed | кормить |
| feel | felt | felt | чувствовать |
| fight | fought | fought | сражаться; бороться |
| find | found | found | находить |
| fit | fit | fit | подходить по размеру |
| fly | flew | flown | летать |
| forbid | forbad; forbade | forbidden | запрещать |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | забывать |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | прощать |
| freeze | froze | frozen | замерзать; замораживать |
| get | got | got | получать |
| give | gave | given | давать |
| go | went | gone | идти |
| grow | grew | grown | расти |
| hang | hung | hung | вешать |
| have | had | had | иметь |
| hear | heard | heard | слышать |
| hide | hid | hidden | прятать(-ся) |
| hit | hit | hit | ударять; попадать |
| hold | held | held | держать |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | причинить боль |
| keep | kept | kept | хранить; содержать |
| knit | knit; knitted | knit; knitted | вязать |
| know | knew | known | знать |
| lay | laid | laid | класть; положить |
| lead | led | led | вести |
| learn | learnt; learned | learnt; learned | учить |
| leave | left | left | оставить; покинуть |
| lend | lent | lent | одалживать |
| let | let | let | позволять |
| lie | lay | lain | лежать |
| light | lit; lighted | lit; lighted | освещать |
| lose | lost | lost | терять |
| make | made | made | делать; производить |
| may | might | might | мочь; иметь возможность |
| mean | meant | meant | подразумевать |
| meet | met | met | встретить |
| misspell | misspelt; misspeled | misspelt; misspeled | писать с ошибками |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken | ошибаться |
| misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood | неправильно понимать |
| overlay | overlaid | overlaid | покры(ва)ть |
| pay | paid | paid | платить |
| prove | proved | proved; proven | доказывать; оказаться |
| put | put | put | класть |
| read | read | read | читать |
| rid | rid; ridded | rid; ridded | избавлять |
| ride | rode | ridden | ездить верхом |
| ring | rang | rung | звонить |
| rise | rose | risen | подняться |
| run | ran | run | бежать; течь |
| say | said | said | говорить; сказать |
| see | saw | seen | видеть |
| sell | sold | sold | продавать |
| send | sent | sent | посылать |
| set | set | set | ставить; устанавливать |
| shake | shook | shaken | трясти |
| shave | shaved | shaved; shaven | брить(-ся) |
| shine | shone | shone | светить; сиять |
| shoot | shot | shot | стрелять; давать побеги |
| show | showed | shown | показывать |
| shut | shut | shut | закрывать |
| sing | sang | sung | петь |
| sink | sank | sunk | погружаться; тонуть |
| sit | sat | sat | сидеть |
| sleep | slept | slept | спать |
| smell | smelt; smelled | smelt; smelled | пахнуть; нюхать |
| speak | spoke | spoken | говорить |
| speed | sped | sped | ускорять; спешить |
| spell | spelt; spelled | spell; spelled | писать / читать по буквам |
| spend | spent | spent | тратить |
| spoil | spoilt; spoiled | spoilt; spoiled | портить |
| spread | spread | spread | распространить(-ся) |
| stand | stood | stood | стоять |
| steal | stole | stolen | красть |
| strike | struck | struck | ударить; бить; бастовать |
| swear | swore | sworn | клясться; присягнуть |
| sweep | swept | swept | мести; промчаться |
| swim | swam | swum | плавать |
| take | took | taken | взять; брать |
| teach | taught | taught | обучать; преподавать |
| tell | told | told | рассказывать; сказать |
| think | thought | thought | думать |
| throw | threw | thrown | бросить |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | проходить; подвергаться |
| underlie | underlay | underlain | лежать в основе |
| understand | understood | understood | понимать |
| undo | undid | undone | уничтожать сделанное |
| upset | upset | upset | опрокинуть(-ся) |
| wake | woke | woken | просыпаться; будить |
| wear | wore | worn | носить (одежду) |
| wed | wed; wedded | wed; wedded | выдавать замуж |
| wet | wet; wetted | wet; wetted | мочить; увлажнять |
| win | won | won | выигрывать |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | взять назад; отозвать |
| write | wrote | written | писать |