B) Наиболее типичные указатели времени, помогающие правильно выбирать время глагола
| ВРЕМЯ | УКАЗАТЕЛИ ВРЕМЕНИ |
| Present Simple | always, usually, as usual, as a rule, ever, never, often, seldom, rarely, sometimes, every day (month, year…) |
| Past Simple | yesterday, the day before yesterday, ago (two minutes ago, 5 days ago), on May 19th, 1987 (конкретная дата в прошлом), last week (month, year…), last time |
| Future Simple | tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in a week (month, year…), next week (month, year…), on May 19th, 2025 (конкретная дата в будущем), one of these days |
| Present Progressive | now, at the moment, at the present moment, still |
| Past Progressive | at 3 o'clock yesterday (at 5 pm last Sunday…), from 5 to 7 pm (from March to September…) (в прошлом), while, the whole day yesterday, all day long |
| Future Progressive | at 8 o'clock tomorrow…, from 10 to 11 am (from April to June…) (в будущем), while, the whole day tomorrow |
| Present Perfect | just, already, yet, never, ever, lately, recently, since, for 2 years (for ages), today, this week (month, year), all one's life, before |
| Past Perfect | by 11 o'clock, by Saturday, by the time/before something happened |
| Future Perfect | by 5 o'clock, by the end of this week (month, year…), before/when (something happens) |
| Present Perfect Progressive | for 3 days, since morning, all day long, lately, the whole month. How long…? |
| Past Perfect Progressive | for some time (for two hours…), when something happened… |
| Future Perfect Progressive | when/by the time something happens,…for 2 hours eg. By the time you return home, he will have been working for two hours. …, он будет работать уже два часа. |
C) Вопросительные слова. Структура специальных вопросов
| К подлежащему – Who… – What… – Which of + местоимение/существительное… – How many + существительное… – How much + существительное… – Whose + существительное… – What + существительное… – What kind of + существительное… – What sort of + существительное… | + сказуемое | |
| eg: | Who speaks English better than I do? Whose sister drives to work? How much coffee is sold every day? (Passive) How many books are borrowed from the library? (Passive) What kind of weatheris goodfor skiing? What sort of people enjoyed their holidayin Africa? | |
| К остальным членам предложения – Who… – Whose + существительное… – What… – What + существительное… – What kind of + существительное… – What sort of + существительное… – How… – How well… – How often… – How much… – How much + существительное… – How many + существительное… – How long… – What time… – When… – Why… – Where… | + общий вопрос | |
| eg: | Who areyou waiting for? What books doyoulikereading? Whose car didthe thiefstealyesterday? What sort of peopledoyou usuallymeetin your club? How many apples doyoueatevery day? How longhaveyoubeen learningEnglish? | |
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Напишите сокращенные формы (she's / we aren't и т.д.).
| 1. she is ..................... 2. they are.................. | 3. it is not.................... 4. that is...................... | 5. I am not..................... 6. you are not................ |
2. Вставьте am, is или are.
| 1. The weather is nice today. 2. I...............not tired. 3. This bag...............heavy. 4.These bags.............. heavy. | 5. Look! There...............Carol. 6. My brother and I.....good tennis players. 7. Ann.....at home. Her children.....at school. 8. I......a taxi driver. My sister......a nurse. |
3. Напишите предложения полностью, употребляя is/isn't/are/aren't.
1. (your shoes very dirty) Your shoes are dirty.
2.(my brother a teacher) My...............................
3. (this house not very big).........................................
4. (the shops not open today) ...................................
5. (my keys in my bag) ...................................................
6. (Jenny 18 years old)....................................................
7. (you not very tall)........................................................
4. Посмотрите на предложения Лизы (Unit 1 A). Составьте предложения о себе.
| 1. (name?) My.............. 2. (from?) I ....... 3. (age?) I ....... 4. (job?) I ....... 5. (married?) I ... | 6. (favourite colour or colours?) My ................................................. 7. (interested in...?) I....................................................... |
5. Составьте предложения для каждой картинки. Используйте слова: afraid angry cold hot hungry thirsty
| 1. She's thirsty. 2. They.................. | 3. He....................... 4. ............................. | 5. .............................. 6. .............................. |
6. Напишите верные на данный момент предложения, утвердительные или отрицательные. Используйте am / am not / is / isn't / are / aren't.
1. (I/interested in politics) I'm interested (I'm not interested) in politics.
2. (I/hungry) I ..............................................................................................
3. (it/warm today) It......................................................................................
4. (I/afraid of dogs) ......................................................................................
5. (my hands/cold) ......................................................................................
6. (Canada/a very big country) ...................................................................
7. (diamonds/cheap) ....................................................................................
8. (I/interested in football) ...........................................................................
9. (Rome/in Spain) ......................................................................................
Подберите правильные ответы на вопросы.
| 1. Where's the camera? 2. Is your car blue? 3. Is Linda from London? 4. Am I late? 5. Where's Ann from? 6. What colour is your bag? 7. Are you hungry? 8. How is George? 9. Who's that woman? | A London. B No, I'm not. C Yes, you are. D My sister. E Black. F No, it's black. G In your bag. H No, she's American. I Very well. | 1. ....G............ 2. ................... 3. ................... 4. ................... 5. ................... 6. ................... 7. ................... 8. ................... 9. ................... |
8. Составьте вопросы с этими словами, используя is или are.
| 1. (at home/your mother?) 2.(your parents/well?) 3. (interesting/your job?) 4. (the shops/open today?) 5. (interested in sport/you?) 6. (near here/the post office?) 7. (at school/your children?) 8. (why/you/late?) | Is your mother at home? Are your parents well? ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... |
9. Задайте вопросы, используя What... /Who... /Where... /How....
| .................How are your parents? .....................................the bus stop? .................................your children? .................................these oranges? .........................your favourite sport? ...............the man in this photograph? ............................your new shoes? | They're very well. At the end of the street. Five, six and ten. £1.20 a kilo. Skiing. That's my father. Black. |
Составьте вопросы. (Сначала прочтите ответы).
| 1. (name?) What's your name? 2. (married or single?) ........................ 3. (American?) ................................... 4. (how old?) ..................................... 5. (a teacher?) .................................... 6. (wife a lawyer?) ............................. 7. (from?) ........................................... 8. (her name?) .................................... 9. (how old?) ...................................... | Paul. I'm married. No, I'm Australian. I'm 30. No, I'm a lawyer. No, she's a designer. She's Italian. Anna. She's 27. |
11. Напишите краткие ответы (Yes, I am / No, he isn't и т.д.).
| 1. Are you married? No, I'm not. 2. Are you thirsty? .......................... 3. Is it cold today? .......................... | 4. Are your hands cold? ................... 5. Is it dark now? ............................. 6. Are you a teacher? ........................ |
12. Посмотрите на картинки. Где были эти люди в 3 часа дня вчера?
| 1. George was in bed. 2. Carol and Jack............................... 3. Sue ................................................ | 4. ...................................................... 5. ...................................................... 6. And you? I.................................. |
13. Вставьте am/is/are или was/were.
1. Last year she was 22, so she.........23 now.
2. Today the weather..............nice, but yesterday it...............very cold.
3. I.......................hungry. Can I have something to eat?
4. I feel fine this morning but I.......................very tired last night.
5. Where.......................you at 11 o'clock last Friday morning?
6. Don't buy those shoes. They.......................very expensive.
7. I like your new jacket........................it expensive?
8. This time last year I.......................in Paris.
9. "Where........the children?' I don't know. They..........in the garden ten minutes ago.'
14. Вставьте was/were или wasn't/weren't.
1. We weren't happy with the hotel. Our room was very small and it wasn't very clean.
2. George.............at work last week because he................ill. He's better now.
3. Yesterday......a public holiday so the shops.......closed. They're open today.
4. '............Sue and Bill at the party?' 'Sue..............there but Bill...............'
5. "Where are my keys?' I don't know. They.........on the table but they're not there now.'
6. You.......................at home last night. Where.......................you?
15. Задайте вопросы. Поставьте слова в скобках в правильную форму + was/were.
| 1. (late/you/this morning/why?) Why were you late this morning? 2. (difficult/your exam?) ............................................................... 3. (last week/where/Ann and Chris?) ............................................................... 4. (your new camera/how much?) ............................................................... 5. (angry/you/yesterday/why?) ............................................................... 6. (nice/the weather/last week?) ............................................................... | The traffic was bad. No, it was easy. They were on holiday. Sixty pounds. Because you were late. Yes, it was beautiful. |
16. Напишите краткую форму (we've got / he hasn't got и т.д.).
| 1. We have got we've got 2. he has got..................... | 3. they have got............ 4. she has not got.......... | 5. it has got.................. 6. I have not got........... |
Задайте вопросы.
(you/an umbrella?) ............Have you got an umbrella?...................
(you/a passport?) ...............................................................................
(your father/a car?) ............................................................................
(Carol/many friends?) ........................................................................
(you/any brothers or sisters?) .............................................................
(how much money/we?) .....................................................................
(what/kind of car/Julia?) ...................................................................
18. Вставьте have got ('ve got), has got ('s got), haven't got или hasn't got.
1. Sarah hasn't got a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle.
2. They like animals. They've got three dogs and two cats.
3. Charles isn't happy. He .................................................. a lot of problems.
4. They don't read much. They ................................................ many books.
5. 'What's wrong?' 'I ................................................. something in my eye.'
6. 'Where's my pen?' 'I don't know. I ..................................................... it.'
7. Julia wants to go to the concert but she ......................................... a ticket.
19. What has Tina got? What have you got? Посмотрите на информацию и напишите предложения о Тине и о себе.
TINA YOU?
1. (a camera) Tina has got a camera. I've got (OR I haven't got) a camera.
2. (a bicycle) Tina..................................................................................
3. (long hair) ..........................................................................................
4. (brothers/sisters) ...................................................................................
20. Закончите предложения, используя have/has got или haven't/hasn't got + одно из выражений:
| lot friends four wheels six legs |
1. I'm not feeling very well. I've got a headache.
2. It's a nice house but it hasn't got a garden.
3. Most cars ..................................................................................
4. Everybody likes Tom. He......................................................
5. I'm going to the dentist this morning. I..................................
6. He can't open the door. He.....................................................
7. An insect....................................................................................
8. We must hurry. We................................................................