FOCUS 5. Fill in the gaps with prepositions/particles where necessary.

   
1. … reference … your telex and letter, we are to inform you that the MV BIRGITTA you required collided … another vessel … bad weather conditions; she was towed … a tug … Hamburg, where she has been laid … … repairs.
2. … the itinerary we have attached our sailing card …the MV Orion, which loads … the Raffles Docks.
3. A dock receipt, which is a receipt issued … cargo deposited … dock warehouses, will be returned … the consignor confirming that the goods are stored and awaiting … shipment.
4. A freight account is an invoice sent … the shipping company … the exporter stating … their charges.
5. All charges are payable … us and the Bs/L are to be marked … "freight prepaid".
6. As forwarding agents handle … many shipments and they collect consignments … the same destination and get competitive "groupage rates" … sending a lot … consignments … one shipment.
7. As we can quote favourable groupage rates our freight rate … crated consignments is $45.00 per metric tonne or 10 cubic metres, … steamer’s option.
8. Bill … lading is a receipt … shipowners giving details … the shipment … question and the conditions … which they accept it.
9. Bills are marked … “clean” to indicate that the goods were taken … board … “the like good order and condition”.
10. Carriage … sea can be a complicated business, since the exporter and the importer both have to observe … a variety … rules and regulations which involve a great deal … paperwork.
11. Clean, shipped … board Bs/L … complete set, together … a commercial invoice and Certificate … Origin, both … triplicate, have been handed … Delta Bank together … our sight draft … accordance … the requirements … the LC opened … them.
12. Container vessels offer facilities to move containers … one country … another, and have special lifting gear and storage space … the huge steel boxes they transport.
13. Dirty B/L indicates that … inspection something wrong was found … the consignment, e.g. packing, or the goods were damaged.
14. Enclosed you will find details … the NEA Shipping Lines sailings … July-August … Singapore … Vladivostok.
15. … view … general slackness … the market … the moment we hope that you can get us a really good offer.
16. Many forwarding agents … importing countries also act as clearing agents ensuring that the goods are cleared … the customs and are sent … the importer.
17. Once the bill has been signed … the master … the vessel, it is known as a shipped bill … lading or “shipped … board”, which means that the goods have been loaded … board and the shipping company will now accept responsibility … accordance … the clauses … the back … the document.
18. Once the goods are received … the dock, a shipping note … a receipt, is handed … the Superintendent … the docks, advising him that the goods are to be shipped.
19. Other vessels can be chartered, … a time basis (time charter covers a period … time) or voyage basis (voyage charter covers the carriage … goods … one specified port … another) or … a mixed charter, … shipbrokers (e.g. … the Baltic exchange) who will negotiate rates … their clients.
20. Passenger cargo vessels concentrate … cargoes, offer more facilities … loading and unloading, but carry few passengers.
21. Please advise us … the loading dates and let us know … which day the ship closes … cargo.
22. Roll-… roll-… ferries are vessels which allow cars and trucks to drive … … one port and … … another … having to load and unload their freight.
23. Shipped bills are usually required … transactions involving payment … a bank.
24. Shipped, clean Bs/L, … a set … 3, are to be made … “… order”, and are required … 22 August … delivery … Delta Bank, … … the requirements … a LC.
25. The bill … lading is the most important document … shipping as it is a document … legal title … the consignment.
26. The consignment is arriving … Vladivostok … 20 August, … the MV Orion, which sailed … Singapore … 10 August.
27. The contract … the shipowner and the charterer is called … the charter party.
28. The exporter's forwarding agents also inform … the importer's forwarding agents that the shipment is … its way … sending an advice note, and they, … turn, will inform their client, send the goods … … him, or arrange … them to be stored … collected.
29. The shipowners may belong … the Shipping Conference and will charge fixed rates … transporting goods.
30. The words “… order” written … a bill … lading mean that it is a negotiable instrument and can be traded. … this case it will be endorsed … the back … the exporter and if the endorsement is blank there will be no restrictions … ownership.
31. There are also barges, large flat-bottomed boats, which transport goods inland … canals and waterways, and lighters which do the same work as a barge, or are used … taking goods … a port … … a ship, or vice versa.
32. This letter is to confirm our telex … you this morning … which we asked if you could find a ship … six … seven thousand tons which we could charter … six months to take shipments … ore … St.Petersburg … Hamburg.
33. Time charter charges are calculated … the tonnage … the ship.
34. Tramps travel anywhere … the world … unscheduled routes, picking … any cargo and delivering it.
35. Voyage charter charges are calculated … the tonnage value … the cargo.
36. We are about to make … an order … our customer.
37. We hope that you will be more than satisfied … the order, and look forward … hearing … you again.
38. We will need a ship that is capable … making a fast turn round and will be able to manage … least twenty trips … the period.



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