Fill in the missing words in the sentences below. Choose from the following list.

Life boy, life jacket, immersion suit, lifeboat, hand flare, thermal protective aid, rocket parachute flare, rigid liferaft, buoyant smoke signal, inflatable liferaft, rescue boat.

1. The _______ shall permit the wearer to remove it in the water in not more than 2 min., if it impairs ability to swim.

2. The _______ shall have a rate of descent of not more than 5 m/s.

3. The _______ shall be constructed with waterproof materials such that it will cover the whole body with the exception of the face.

4. A _______ shall be so constructed that a person can correctly don it within a period of 1 min. without assistance.

5. The _______ shall emit smoke of a highly visible colour at a uniform rate for a period of not less than 3 min. when floating in calm water.

6. Every _______ shall have an outer diameter of not more than 800 mm. And an inner diameter of not less than 400 mm.

7. _______ shall be capable of carrying at least five seated persons and a person lying down.

8. The main buoyancy chamber of _______ shall be divided into not less than two separate compartments, each inflated through an inflation valve on each compartment.

9. A _______ shall be of such form and proportions that it has ample stability in a seaway and sufficient freeboard when loaded with their full compliment of persons and equipment.

10. The buoyancy of the _______ shall be provided by approved inherently buoyant materials placed as near possible to the periphery of the liferaft.

Retell the text “Life-saving appliances”.

Lesson 2.

Ship’s drills.

Define the variants of ship’s drills translation.

1. Abandon ship a) Учение по входу в замкнутое пространство

2. Fire drills b) столкновение

3. Man overboard drills c) обучение действиям экипажа при

4. Oil\Chemical spills временном отключении электроэнергии

5. Enclosed space entry d) пожарные учения

6. Flooding e) покидание судна

7. Collision f) посадка на мель

8. Grounding drills g) человек за бортом

9. Blackout training i) обучение аварийному управлению судна

10. Emergency steering drills j) нефтяные \ химические разливы

k) затопление

Translate into Russian.

Proper training, to proceed to the lifeboat, verbal order, the major source, fight fires, to be familiar with, can perform their best, to train, to be trained, when the need arises, fire fighting apparatus, the effectiveness of the entire team, to keep a lookout for, to take an immediate action, a distress message, the rescue operation, a rescue boat, to control ship board pollution, to reduce the risk, the watertight integrity of ship.

Read and translate texts.

There are some drills on board merchant vessels like Abandon Ship, Fire Drills, Man Overboard Drill, Oil / Chemical Spills, Enclosed Space Entry, Flooding, Collision, Grounding Drills, Blackout Training, Emergency Steering Drill. A Drill is an exercise performed on board (or during training ashore) which may be supervised by a competent authority or personnel. Mostly such exercises are specialized for a particular event, or emergency. Such drills ideally should be practiced again and again so that everyone on board is well versed with the situation and is trained enough to tackle if such a situation arises.

Here are Drills On board Merchant Vessels:

Abandon the ship. We all sincerely hope no one ever has to experience abandoning the ship but proper training ensures if such an incident occurs, all the crew members are able to safely abandon the ship in any condition and proceed to the lifeboat.

Upon hearing the auditory signal – Seven Short Blasts, One Long Blast, all crew members and passengers are to report to their assigned muster stations and stand in order of their numbers in the Muster List. The Master gives a verbal order to abandon the ship and the crew members enter the lifeboat according to their numbers in the Muster List.

According to SOLAS ‘ Every crew member shall participate in at least one abandon ship drill every month. The drills of the crew shall take place within 24 hours of the ship leaving a port if more than 25% of the crew has not participated in abandon ship and fire drills on board that particular ship in the previous month.

Fire drills. Fires are the major source of accidents on board. Efficient and regular drills ensure the crew members are properly trained to tackle and fight fires. All crew members are assigned tasks so that everyone works as a team, drills ensure that all members are familiar with their tasks and can perform their best during a real emergency.

All crew members are trained in specialized Fire Fighting Appliances like CO2 release system, SCBA, Fireman Outfit Donning etc by Senior Officers.

The crew members are trained to use emergency escape routes when the need arises and also made aware of the company policies regarding such emergencies. A mock drill using all essential fire fighting apparatus is performed so that the effectiveness of the entire team can be gauged and improved systematically.

Man overboard drill.Drills ensure if such emergencies are encountered, it is possible to safely recover the overboard crew member (or passenger). Crew members are trained to keep a lookout for spotting the overboard crew member or passenger and are to shout ‘Man overboard!’ loudly upon spotting. Make sure that the watchkeeping officer gets your message about the man overboard. The watchkeeping officer will inform the Capitan and will take an immediate action. He will turn or stop the ship to rescue the person as soon as possible. If necessary he will send a distress message to other ships in the area and Rescue Center, so that they can help in the rescue operation. Then the officer will give the command to prepare a rescue boat to bring the person onboard back again. Or the man overboard marker is thrown towards the victim from the bridge wing. After this the rescued man should be taken to the sick-bay immediately.

If you get overboard get clear of the ship and continue shouting and splashing water as long as there is a chance that you will be heard or seen. Then swim on your back to keep your body warm. Do not panic!

Oil \ chemical spills.Under stringent legal frameworks of modern times, it becomes very important to be trained to control ship board pollution. Most oil and pollution due to noxious substances occur by oil and chemical spills. It is very important to train the crew members to react fast and ensure the pollution is contained. Modern ships contain all apparatus required for such operations.

Strategic planning is necessary to minimize the effects of such spills, like positioning of booms and using rubber antistatic boots and other equipments. Such equipments reduce the risk of a fire hazard. Some companies require preparedness to control oil / chemical spills before commencing STS Operations.

Enclosed space entry procedures.One of the leading causes of accidents while entering such places is ignorance. Use of portable oxygen analysers, tankscopes and explosimeters should be demonstrated to the crew members.

Rotation of personnel is of prime importance, an entrance attendant is required to ensure logging of entry and exit times of personnel. Oxygen deficient atmospheres can lead to asphyxiation and eventual long term irrevocable damage to brain cells, even if personnel are rescued and resuscitated. Communication is the key. All companies nowadays have an enclosed entry check list, all precautions should be discussed with all crew members and all doubts cleared.

Flooding, collision, grounding drills.Flooding can affect the watertight integrity of ship. Flooding can happen due to leaking valves of shipboard machinery and equipment leaks. Grounding can also lead to cracks or failure of ship’s hull in areas such as welded joints which may lead to flooding.

Collision may lead to damage to ship structure and affect the stability and watertight integrity of the ship. In all cases, drills ensure that crew members are trained to respond immediately to such situations.

Although every crew member is assigned a task which is explicitly mentioned in the Muster List, it is of utmost importance to ensure they are trained in specific tasks.

If the engine room is flooded, water must not be allowed to ingress the ship board machinery generating power required for running the ships like shaft generators and alternators. Operating the emergency bilge ejector valve may help in pumping out the water to control the situation. But it is not to be operated without the consent of the Chief Engineer and an entry in the ORB is required with the date, time and position of the vessel. Crew members should be trained during drills to ensure the function of bilge ejector valve is clear.

Vocabulary.

To abandon – покидать

To verse – изучать что-л

Auditory signal – звуковой сигнал

Blast – гудок

Assigned Muster Station – предназначенное место сбора

To tackle – (энергично) взяться за дело

CO2 release system – система выпуска углекислотного газа

SCBA - self-contained breathing apparatus – автономный дыхательный аппарат

Fireman outfit donning – одевание пожарного снаряжения

Escape routes – пути выхода

Mock drill – обучение на тренажере