Fill in the missing words from Vocabulary List.

The first letter of the word is given.

1. In modern-day China, highly skilled lacquer workers continue to e________a wide variety of traditional techniques.

2. When an e_________or e_________desires to terminate or modify an existing agreement, a waiting period of specified length must be observed.

3. The post-World War II period in Europe was characterized by sharp rises in u_________resulting from the wartime destruction of many industries.

4. Other techniques include the questionnaire and the i_________. both used widely in public opinion polls and studies of consumer preferences.

5. During the 1950s and '60s Pozner worked for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, becoming well known as a television i_________and commentator in French as well as English.

6. Departments of foreign affairs have an administrative section that is in charge of running the agency. This section deals with internal matters such as budget allocations, personnel r_________ and m________________, training, and logistics.

7. The Bolshoi's ballet school is admired for the quality of its training and r_________system.

8. The karate t_________toughens hands and feet by driving them into containers of sand, rice, or gravel and by striking sandbags and special punching boards.

9. For a time the British extended their rule to the Transvaal, but in 1852 they granted its people "the right to m_________their own affairs."

10. Roosevelt was a very s_________political leader.

11. After he was restored to his throne with the aid of the U.S. in 1953, Shah became increasingly c_________and secure in his ruling position.

12. While I ate he continued to talk, making me to my surprise a present of his full c______.

13. Every state had an academy or institute for the p_________of arts and sciences.

14. During the 1890s several trade unions finally achieved the long-sought g _________of the 8-hour day.

15. Economists focus on the way in which individuals, groups, business enterprises, and governments s_________to achieve efficiently any economic objective they s_________.

16. He is e_________in a bank, but his brother is u_________at the moment.

9. Translate into Ukrainian.

1. A trade union represents its members in determining wages and working conditions through the process of collective bargaining with the employer.

2. In the USA in 1933 about 20 percent of the labour force was unemployed.

3. For the whole day she'd been thinking about the interview, but only two people came.

4. The Peace Corps has its headquarters in Washington, D.C.; there are 16 regional recruiting offices.

5. The goal of the Peace Corps is to promote world peace and friendship by training American volunteers to perform social and humanitarian service overseas.

6. Doubleday was placed in command of the defences of Washington. D.C.. in 1862, earning promotion to major general in the same year.

7. The manager of a chain store, unlike the independent retailer, does not make policy decisions.

8. To maintain wartime levels of production the government sought to build up the basic industries, but the depression of 1929 cut deeply into the health of the Australian economy.

9. The British were confident that in a conventional battle they could defeat the American militia (ополчение).

10. Espionage involves the recruitment of agents in foreign nations; as well as the use of a full range of modern photographic, sensing, and detection devices, and other techniques of eliciting secret information.

11. The lady is a true enthusiast, skilful and daring.

12. Mr. Kentish was promoted to the position of managing director.

10. Translate into English:

1.Наша компанія найняла нового працівника , він тільки-що закінчив університет.

2.У нашій країні економічна криза і ми спостерігаємо високий рівень безробіття.

3.Його підвищили до завідуючого відділом кадрів.

4.Роботодавець має піклуватися про своїх працівників.

5.Де працює твій тато? Він працює на фірмі “Funny money”, у нього керівна посада, він виконавчий директор.

6.Безробітні отримують допомогу по безробіттю, хоча та сума грошей, яку вони отримують не рятує їх від бідності.

7.Я шукаю роботу з перспективами кар’єрного росту.

8.Таня змогла закінчити проект вчасно і мене підвищили на роботі.

9.Я працюю у відомій фірмі і відповідаю за рекламу газованих напоїв.

10.Стажерам на фірмах дуже складно, вони мають самі зрозуміти, що і як робити.

11.Наш університет стимулює співробітництво з закордонними вузами.

12.Як знаю, що Паша ходив до професійного училища і він кваліфікований сантехнік.

13.Катя керує фірмою, вона дуже талановита і працьовита. Кожного року вона проводить співбесіду, щоб взяти когось нового працівника.

14.Хто такий виконавчий директор? Це головна людина, яка керує фірмою.

15.Я не впоратися з роботою і мій роботодавець був дуже злий, а я дуже засмутилася.

16.Підкажіть, будь ласка, де кабінет завідуючого відділом кадрів?

17.Він майстерний музикант, він дуже добре грає на піаніно та гітарі.

18.Кожний роботодавець зацікавлений в кваліфікованій робочій силі.

19.Подивись на нього! Він так майстерно готує. Звичайно він кваліфікований шеф-повар.

20.Чому він завжди до тебе звертається? Він просить (шукає) поради.

21.Вона впевнена у своєму успіху.

22.Маша не погана студентка, але їй бракує впевненості в собі.

23.Він втратив впевненість коли отримав 2 за тест.

24.Тамара дуже скритна , вона ніколи нікому не довіряється.

25.Скажи ти ж мій найкращий друг?- Так. Я скажу тобі по секрету, що вчора знайшла роботу.

26.Вчора я вибрала найкраще плаття з 20.

TEACHING PROFESSION

Teaching as a career

1. Read an Interview with Michael Beresford

— Well, Michael, is teaching as a career popular with young people?

— Well, it's hard to say. I think, teaching of some kinds is still popular as it ever was, and I think, teaching small children teaching in nursery schools and in primary schools - that is still quite popular. More, of course, among women than amongst men, and the vast majority of teachers in nursery schools and primary schools are women. That is still a career which many take up with enthusiasm. And I mean that they are good at it, and that women are probably better teachers at this level because they're a kind of a substitute for the mother. When the child is learning to go away from the family, a woman figures more than others, like a mother figures for the child, and I think that's a natural development. When we come to secondary education, I think their position is rather different. I think, until very recent time, teaching in secondary schools of all sorts was still regarded as a good career, because it is a good career if it is a good school But there is no doubt, that these days, the life of a secondary school teacher is harder than it was, say 20 or 30 years ago, when I started my teaching career. Those who have been in teaching for a long time, tend to put up resistance, they know how to cope with problems better than the young ones, who often get disillusioned and give up teaching So, we are short of good teachers This is not true, of course, of the independent schools There they can recruit people and pay them better salaries, and so they have few problems of recruitment So, it's really the main problem in the state secondary schools and the comprehensive schools. I would say.

— And what is your idea of a good teacher then?

— It'll take a lot of time to describe. I think, a good teacher has not only to know his or her own subject, to be skilful with the subject he or she is teaching, but also to be a good person, to be a person with a pleasant nature, pleasant personality, sympathetic, particularly sympathetic to young people and their problems, to be kind and good, and understanding and also not to be full of sarcasm. In the old days, and too quite recently, like the time when I was being educated it was fashionable among teachers to put scorn on children even if they made a slight mistake. They were taught with great scorn and contempt, as if they were fools: children were made to look foolish and ignorant and shown in class in front of others. It made children feel uncomfortable. The opposite approach is required with children who are most lacking confidence, I mean, to encourage them from the part of a teacher, which will improve the child's learning. The child will not, of course, learn from a teacher he or she doesn't like. And I think, that is because the children want to learn, they want to please the teacher when they like. So, the matter of personality, I think, is the most important problem of teaching. Even a teacher, who doesn't know the subject perfectly well, can be a good teacher, if a pupil wants to follow him, and this is the essence of it. I think that being a good and sympathetic person is first and foremost; training and skill and knowledge come second, in my opinion.

(from Практика английской речи. С. 53)

2. Speculate on the following:

1. What problems are British schools faced with? Compare them with the problems facing Ukrainian schools.

2.Michael Beresford says that a good teacher should have a pleasant personality, be sympathetic, kind and understanding. What other personal qualities should a good teacher have?

3. Michael says that a teacher should not be full of sarcasm. Can you name a few other traits of character a teacher must not possess?

4.You surely have come across two types of teachers, kind and mild persons, and very strict, even authoritarian ones. Whose lessons did you enjoy more? Where did you show better standards of achievement? When were there fewer breaches of discipline⁷

5.What makes many young people take up teaching as a career? Does teaching appeal to you? Give your reasons

6. Why do many teachers quit their jobs? Make a list of advantages and disadvantages of the teaching career,

3. Rank the ten qualities of a good teacher in order of importance and compare your results with those of your partner's. Give examples to back up your statements.

A Good Teacher

§ Keeps in contact with the parents of his / her pupils and lets them participate in the life of the school (in a primary or secondary school).

§ Is able to maintain discipline and order

§ Let’s the students share his / her own life with all its ups and downs.

§ Works hard to remain up-to-date in his / her subject.

§ Openly admits when he / she has made a mistake or does not know something

§ Is interested in his / her students, asks them about their homes and tries to help where possible.

§ Makes the students work hard and sets high standards.

§ Is friendly and helpful to his / her colleagues.

§ Uses a lot of different materials, equipment and teaching methods and attempts to make his / her lessons interesting.

§ Helps the students become independent and organize their own learning.

4. All teachers would like to have well-behaved classes. After all, teaching a class with little or no disciplinary problems is a great joy. How well-behaved a class is depends to a large extent on how well a teacher can encourage good disciplinary habits.

Teacher N. has strong opinions about what is and what is not allowed in a classroom. The problem is that these opinions often take into account only one type of student and one type of learning. All other forms are not acceptable and need to be eliminated at the expense of squashing a student's motivation to study Her method tends to unjustly reward students that fit the mold and punish those that do not. What frequently happens is that some students resist being forced to fit the mold and rebel in any way they can. They even band together to disrupt class just to upset the teacher or become impassive rebels that think they can do what they want. Role-play the situation when Teacher N. describes what happens during her classes and asks her colleagues for advice because she doesn't know how to react to breaches of discipline. Her more experienced colleagues give her advice how to maintain control without hampering the student's freedom. You may enlarge on the following:

§ discipline works best when

§ it is meted out immediately and fairly;

§ no one is above the rules;

§ it is consistent;

§ the teacher keeps a cool head and deals with the problem with little or no emotion;

§ the degree of punishment fits the crime;

§ the teacher focuses the attention of the entire class on the problem student and brings

§ into action the dynamic forces of peer pressure,

§ the teacher never insults a student, never attacks character

5. Read the poem and speak on how a teacher should teach his / her students.

A Teacher’s Prayer

James J. Metcalf