Ex. 9. Translate into Russian the following word chains.
Food problem, food provision, healthy diet, commodity producers, meat production, grain crops, plants cultivation sector, vegetation period, soil fertility, plant protection, fertilizer and lime application, farm vehicles, harvest campaign, oil seeds, grain harvester, maintenance service, cattle breeding., feedstuffs production, sunflower oil feeds, corn production, corn cultivation methods, summer pasture forage, meat and diary products, perennial grass seeds, food plains, meat cattle breeding, soil tillage equipment, plant protection works, field works.
Ex. 10. Answer the questions.
1. What is the title of the article? 2. What are the sub-headlines? 3. Into whch parts can the article be divided? What are they? 4. What is the position of Belarus among the CIS countries in meat and milk production? 5. What are the latest achievements of our agricultural industry? In your answer use the Present Perfect Tense (have, has + V3). Use the following prompts.
Meat production (to come up) close to Germany.
Belarusian scientists (to create) new varieties of agricultural crops.
Soil fertility (to be improved).
Agricultural industry (to start) applying integrated system of plant protection.
Belarusian producers (to start) manufacturing new farm vehicles and equipment.
6. What are tomorrow’s reference points of agriculture? In your answer use the structure: modal verb +Passive Infinitive (must, should, ought to be +V3).
More attention … (to pay) to the production of leguminous plants.
The corn cultivation methods … (to improve).
The system of cultivation of perennial grass seeds … (to restore).
The natural pastures … (to use) effectively.
Power intensive tractors and soil tillage equipment … (to supply).
Field works … (to speed up).
Harvest … (to gather) without losses.
Ex. 11. Try to retell the article using the following word combinations.
To rank first among…;
to be introduced effectively into production (the latest technologies and developments);
to create new varieties of agricultural crops (Belarusian scientists);
to improve soil fertility using fertilizer and lime application;
to start manufacturing farm vehicles and equipment (Belarusian producers);
to invest the efforts into specialization and adjustment of the structure of cultivated areas;
to be the main sector of agricultural industry (cattle breeding);
to enhance the production of leguminous plants;
to improve the corn cultivation methods;
to restore the system of cultivation of perennial grass seeds;
to allow speeding up field works;
to gather the harvest without losses;
to bear well on the yield of agricultural crops.
Ex. 12. You are going to read the article about the extraction of potash salt in Belarus. Before reading the article answer the following questions:
1) Have a look at the title of the article. Why do you think the article is entitled so? 2) Are there any potash deposits in Belarus? Where are they? 3) Do you know which enterprises extract and process potash? 4) Do you know anything about the activity of Belaruskali?
Read the article and find the answers to these questions.
Text B
Potash Horizons: Salt of the Earth and its People.
Every seventh ton of the potash fertilisers in the world is manufactured at the Production Amalgamation Belaruskali.
It is not by chance that Belaruskali is well-known all over the world. There are a few regions in the world (Antarctica, Greenland and Iceland) where the company’s products are not delivered. Belaruskali has a few competitors on the foreign markets. Besides Belarus the potash salts deposits are found in Canada, Russia, Germany, Jordan and Israel.
The republican unitary enterprise production amalgamation Belaruskali is one of the world leaders in production of potash fertilisers. Belaruskali comprises 4 mine complexes, each including a mine, where potash ore is extracted and a processing plant, where the ore is processed and potash fertilisers are manufactured. Besides, Belaruskali manufactures halite, white and agricultural salt. It employs about 20,000 people.
Belaruskali remains the third largest company in the world in extraction volumes of salts and production of potash mineral fertilisers. At present the potash fertilisers produced by Belaruskali are destined for Europe, East Asia, the Mediterranean states, South Africa, India, China, South and North America, a total of almost 60 countries. On the whole, the exports of Belaruskali account for about 90 % of the company’s total production output. Today Belaruskali is the biggest Belarusian exporter, making every third dollar of the Belarusian export revenues.
The production of Belaruskali used to be cheaper than the German or Canadian just because it legged behind in quality. Unfortunately due to objective natural factors Belarusian ore contains a lot of insoluble sediment. The company strived to achieve the necessary quality elaborating hi-tech equipment, attracting scientists and specialists and finally managed to improve the situation. Constant renovation of mining and technological equipment at factories also significantly contributes to enhancing the quality of the Belarusian potash fertilisers. Of course, the market of potash fertilisers, as any other market, develops in accordance with its own laws prone to fluctuations like rise and fall. But Belaruskali has not only managed to preserve its production potential over the years, but also continues to develop it. All above-mentioned infuses confidence that the captain of the Belarusian economy will keep an opening up new horizons.
Ex. 13. Find the English equivalents for the following:
1) мировой лидер в производстве калийных удобрений; 2) добывать и перерабатывать; 3) месторождения калийной соли; 4) производство калийных удобрений; 5) общий выпуск продукции; 6) уступать по качеству; 7) привлекать ученых; 8) постоянное обновление оборудования; 9) способствовать повышению качества.
Ex. 14. Try to recall as many word combinations with the word”potash” as possible and translate them into Russian:
Eg.:potash mineral fertilisers – калийные минеральные удобрения.