Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на время глагола в действительном и страдательном залоге.
1) Мы всегда обсуждаем наши проблемы с родителями.
2) Как называется журнал, который вы читаете?
3) Пока мама разливала чай, я просматривал утренние газеты.
4) Вы бывали в США?
5) Эти люди смотрят на нас. Вы их знаете?
6) Он закончил читать доклад, когда я вошел в зал.
7) Это письмо только что подписано директором.
8) Когда пришел директор, все было готово: документы были проверены, и письма были напечатаны.
9) Я уверен, что товары уже будут доставлены в порт, когда мы получим их телеграмму.
10) Когда был построен этот вокзал?
11) Его скоро пошлют в Саратов.
12) Мне еще ничего не говорили об этом.
13) Мне предложили билет на концерт, но я отказался.
14) На них смотрели с большим интересом, когда они появились в зале.
15) На эту статью часто ссылаются.
2. Вставьте следующие количественные определители: little,(a) little, few, (a) few., переведите предложения.
1. It’s no use asking him about it. He has ..... knowledge of the subject.
2. He had very ..... friends (hardly any friends).
3. He had ..... friends (some friends).
4. He drank ..... water and felt much better.
5. There was very ..... water in the glass; so he poured in some more.
6. ..... people understand what he said (hardly any people).
7. The chairman said ..... words (some words).
8. May I have ..... wine, please?
3. Вставьте следующие количественные определители: much, many, a lot (of), plenty (of), переведите предложения.
1. Nick always puts ..... salt on his food.
2. Did it cost ..... too?
3. We’ll have to hurry. We haven’t got ..... time.
4. Mary drinks ..... coffee.
5. They didn’t spend ..... money.
Заполните пропуски, выбрав соответствующие формы местоимений some, any, no и их производных. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. She always tells her problems to ..... who will listen.
2. ..... knows ..... about it.
3. She didn’t tell the associates ..... relevant to the problem.
4. I’d like to know ..... more information about economic situation in the region.
5. They don’t get ..... profit at all.
6. ..... students attended the class.
7. There was ..... there, but I couldn’t see who exactly.
8. There wasn’t ..... extraordinary in the securities department.
9. We’ve got E-mail from ..... but our boss.
10. I knew ..... about his failure.
В условных предложениях поставьте глаголы в нужной форме.
1. I (to come) and see you off if I not (live) so far away.
2. If you (to stay) here a little longer you (to see) the boss.
3. We not (to go) out unless it (to stop) raining.
4. The man (to be killed) if the train not (to stop) quickly.
5. The manager said the company (to suffer) losses last month if the stand-attendant not (to work) efficiently.
Часть 2.
ЗАДАНИЕ: Ответьте на вопросы несколькими предложениями
1. What can you tell about your family?
2. What sort of man is your friend?
3. What is your hobby?
4. Have you got a flat or a house of your own?
5. Can you describe it?
6. What is the role of sports in the life of people?
7. What is your favourite kind of sport? Why?
8. What kinds of art do you know?
9. Why do you think so many people like travelling?
10. Have you ever been abroad?
11. What kinds of public transport do you know? Which do you prefer?
12. What is your favourite holiday?
13. What are the most important public holidays in Great Britain?
14. What do you prefer to read?
15. What kinds of books do you know?
16. Who are your favourite modern authors?
17. What qualities do you most admire in people?
18. What characteristics annoy you most in people?
19. What are your future plans?
20. Why did you decide to study at our college?
21. What professions do you know?
22. What is the main role of mass media?
23. What are the advantages of the Internet?
24. Do you like watching TV?
25. What TV programmes are most popular with young people?
Часть 3.
ЗАДАНИЕ: Прочитайте текст, письменно переведите на русский язык. Подготовьте текст на чтение и устный перевод. Выпишите в тетрадь незнакомые слова с транскрипцией и переводом. Выполните задания к тексту.
The economic environment
(Экономическая среда)
The economy comprises millions of people and thousands of firms as well as the government and local authorities, all taking decisions about prices and wages, what to buy, sell, produce, export, import and many other matters. All these organizations and the decisions they take play a prominent part in shaping the business environment in which firms exist and operate.
The economy is complicated and difficult to control and predict, but it is certainly important to all businesses. You should be aware that there are times when businesses and individuals have plenty of funds to spend and there are times when they have to cut back on their spending. This can have enormous implications for business as a whole.
When the economy is enjoying a boom, firms experience high sales and general prosperity. At such times, unemployment is low and many firms will be investing funds to enable them to produce more. They do this because consumers have plenty of money to spend and firms expect high sales. It naturally follows that the state of the economy is a major factor in the success of firms.
However, during periods when people have less to spend many firms face hard times as their sales fall. Thus, the economic environment alters as the economy moves into a recession. At that time, total spending declines as income falls and unemployment rises. Consumers will purchase cheaper items and cut expenditure on luxury items such as televisions and cars.
Changes in the state of the economy affect all types of business, though the extent to which they are affected varies. In the recession of the early 1990s the high street banks suffered badly. Profits declined and, in some cases, losses were incurred. This was because fewer people borrowed money from banks, thus denying them the opportunity to earn interest on loans, and a rising proportion of those who did borrow defaulted on repayment. These so-called "bad debts" cut profit margins substantially. Various forecasters reckoned that the National Westminster Bank's losses in the case of Robert Maxwell's collapsing business empire amounted to over £100 million.
No individual firm has the ability to control this aspect of its environment. Rather, it is the outcome of the actions of all the groups who make up society as well as being influenced by the actions of foreigners with whom the nation has dealings.
VOCABULARY NOTES
| to comprise– включать в себя, составлять local authorities– местные органы власти to take (syn. to make) decisions– принимать решения to play a prominent part– играть заметную (значительную) роль to shape the environment– формировать обстановку, среду, окружение to predict (syn. to forecast)– предсказывать to be aware– осознавать, знать to cut back on spending– сокращать расходы enormous implications– большое значение, смысл, влияние general prosperity– всеобщее процветание to enable smb to do smth– делать возможным для кого-то, позволять кому-либо что-либо делать consumers– потребители to alter– изменяться a recession– упадок total spending– общие, суммарные расходы to decline– снижаться income–доход unemployment – безработица to purchase (syn.tobuy) –покупать to cut expenditure – сокращать расходы | luxury items –предметы роскоши to affect (syn.toinfluence smb. smth) – влиять the extent –степень to some extent –в некоторой степени the high street banks –центральные банки to suffer badly –сильно пострадать profits –прибыль to incur (syn.to bear, to suffer) losses –нести убытки, потери to borrow from –занимать, брать взаймы to deny the opportunity –лишать возможности to deny –отрицать to earn interest –получать процентный доход loans –ссуды, займы to default on repayment – не выполнять обязательств по выплате (долгов, процентов и т. п.) a debt –долг profit margins –размеры прибыли the outcome of the actions –результат действий to make up society –составлять общество to have dealings –иметь торговые (деловые) связи |
ЗАДАНИЯ К ТЕКСТУ