Упр. 4. Поставив глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect, скажите, что действие уже выполнено.

Model: Why isn’t Igor doing his translation? – He has already done it.

1. Why isn’t Ann cooking dinner? 2. Why aren’t the boys learning the song? 3. Why aren’t you helping us? 4. Why isn’t he watching the film? 5. Why aren’t they learning the verbs? 6. Why aren’t you reading up for your exams? 7. Why isn’t he answering this question? 8. Why aren’t they typing the papers?

Упр. 5. Сравните времена:

Past Simple	Present Perfect
I finished my work two hours ago.	I have already finished my work.
Я закончил работу 2 часа тому назад. (В определенные момент в прошлом – 2 часа назад).	Я уже закончил работу. (В неопределенное время в прошлом).
It was in Europe last year (three years ago, in 1989, in 1992, when I was ten years old. (Действие произошло в определенный момент в прошлом).	I have been to Europe many times (several times, a couple of times, once). (Действие происходило раз или несколько раз, но не указано когда).

Упр. 6. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разницу в употреблении Present Perfect и Past Simple.

1. Has he come yet? When did he come? 2. Have you been to any museum lately? Yes, I have. I was in the Art Museum some days ago. 3. I have never been to Moscow, but my brother was there last year. 4. I have seen the new film. I saw it last week. 5. He began to read the book two weeks ago, but he hasn’t finished it yet. 6. When did you finish school? 7. Were you in England last year? No, I have never been to England. 8. Where were you born? 9. Your hair looks nice. Have you had a haircut? Yes, I had my haircut yesterday. 10. Where is Tom? He has gone out. He left his flat ten minutes ago. 11. Do you want to go to the cinema with us tonight? No, thanks. We have seen the new film. We saw it on Wednesday. 12. Have you ever eaten at the student canteen? Yes, I have. I have eaten there many times. I ate breakfast there an hour ago.

Упр. 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. We (to travel) around Europe last year. 2. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot. 3. I (to see) Pete today. 4. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 5. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago. 6. I just (to meet) our teacher. 7. The children already (to decide) what to do with the books. 8. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 9. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 10. She (to live) there last year. 11. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 12. The rain (to stop) half an hour ago. 13. Mary (to buy) a new hat. 14. I (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 15. The wind (to blow) off the man’s hat, and he cannot catch it. 16. The weather (to change), and we can go for a walk. 17. The wind (to change) in the morning.

Упр. 8. Прочитайте предложения и объясните употребление Past Perfect. Предложения переведите.

1. She had written the report by six o’clock. 2. By what time had the meeting been over? 3. I had not finished my work by Monday. 4. When we entered the hall, the performance had already begun. 5. As soon as I saw him I understood that something had happened. 6. I bought a new dictionary because I had lost my old one. 7. I told my friends a new joke which I had heard recently. 8. When I came out into the street I saw that the rain had stopped. 9. On my way home I met a friend of mine whom I had not seen for many years. 10. I didn’t recognize him because so many years had passed since we met last.

Упр. 9. Ответьте на вопросы, говоря, что действие уже произошло до того, как вас об этом спросили. Глаголы в скобках употребите в Past Perfect.

Model: - Why didn’t you watch that film on TV yesterday? (see)

- Because I had seen it before.

1. Why didn’t you see Ann when you came to Minsk? (leave) 2. Why didn’t you tell him my address? (forget) 3. What did Tom hear about Kate’s exmaination? (pass) 4. Why did Fred come home so soon from his holiday? (spend all the money) 5. Why couldn’t you get into your flat at once? (lose the key) 6. What did you learn about Bob? (marry) 7. What did he learn about Helen from the letter he received? (be ill for a month).