The Past Simple Tense
1. Формы образования.
| I, You, He, She, They, We | lived taught | in St. Petersburg | last year. | |||
| I, You He, She, They, We | did not live (didn’t) teach | |||||
| Did | you, he, she, they | live teach | in St. Petersburg | last year? | ||
| Where | did | you | live teach | last year? | ||
| When | did | you | live teach | in St. Petersburg? | ||
| Who | lived taught | in St. Petersburg | last year? | |||
2. The Past Simple Tense обозначает действие, имевшее место в прошлом. Оно употребляется для выражения последовательно совершавшихся обычных, повторяющихся действий в прошлом.
Yesterday. Tom came to the laboratory at 8 and at once began to work. Вчера Том пришел в лабораторию в 8 и сразу начал работать.
3. Для предложений с глаголами в Past Simple Tense характерны следующие обстоятельства времени:
yesterday –вчера
the day before yesterday – позавчера
yesterday morning (evening, afternoon) – вчера утром (вечером, днем)
last week (month, year) – на прошлой неделе (в прошлом месяце, году)
two days (weeks, years) ago – два дня (две недели, два года) назад
in 1952 - в 1952 году.
Exercise1.
Read the sentences about the present and make up the sentences about the past.
Pattern: Tom usually gets up at 7.30. Yesterday morning he got up at 6.30
because he wanted to do some more things.
1. I usually get up early. Yesterday ……
2. I usually have a sandwich and a cup of coffee for breakfast. Yesterday….
3. It usually takes me 15 minutes to get to the university. But yesterday ……
4. I always come in time. But yesterday ...
5. We usually have 4 classes. Yesterday …
6. I usually return home at 3 p.m. Yesterday …
7. I watch video in the evening. Yesterday…
8. I go to bed late. But yesterday…
Exercise 2.
The detective alibi story.
The police believe that a certain man took part in a robbery in London last weekend. He tells them that he was not in London at the weekend. His alibi is that he was in Scotland. Fill in the missing word. Remember that the story took place in the past.
Use the following verbs: to travel, to see, to fly, to hire, to return, to cost, to buy, to stay, to have, to catch, to arrive, to pay, to drive, to go.
On Friday I … by tube to Heathrow Airport. I ... some magazines at the airport. I then … to Edinburgh on a British Airways flight. I … dinner at the Taj Mahal restaurant in Edinburgh. After dinner I … a film at the Odeon cinema. My ticket … $.5.00.
Then I … at the Cumberland hotel in room 546. On Sunday morning I … a car and … to Sf Andrews. I …a deposit of $20.00. In the afternoon I … fishing. In the evening I … to Edinburgh. On Sunday morning I … the 11.40 train to London. I … back in London at 17.50.
Exercise 3.
Make . the following sentences -negative;
-interrogative.
1. We translated this text at the previous lesson.
2. I was at the seaside last summer.
3. Mendeleev was a great politician.
4. I studied at school number 138.
5. We had seven lessons yesterday and we were very tired.
6. Newton opened the Periodic table of elements.
7. After fimshing school I entered the medical academy.
Exercise 4.
Ask questions to the underlined parts of the sentences.
1. Last year he didn’t go to the south because of the exams.
2. Yesterday I had breakfast at 8.30.
3. Paul ‘s mother came to our Dean and had a long conversation with him.
4. She left the book at home because she was in a hurry.
5. I began to study English 6 years ago.
6. He went to school at the age of 7.
7. Marya began her studies in Paris.
8. Soon they fell in love with each other.
9. Their marriage was a very happy one.
Exercise5.
Use the Past Simple Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
I (to get up) very late yesterday. I (to look) out of the window and (to see) that the weather (to be) bad. So I (to think) for some time and (to decide) that I (to have) time to myself. Suddenly the telephone (to ring). I (to come) up to it and (to take) the receiver. My friend Nick (to call). He (to say) that it (to be ) his day off and (to invite) me to his place. I (to spend) the whole day there. We (to talk) about our problems, then we (to watch) TV, there (to be) an interesting American film, then, we (to have ) tea and (to talk) again. When I (to look) at the watch I (to see) that it(to be) 8 in the evening I (to say) good-bye to Nick and (to go) home.
Exercise 6.
Translate into English.
A.Мой отец родился в 1958 году. Когда ему было 7 лет, он пошел в школу. В школе он учился хорошо и закончил её успешно. Ещё в школе отец заинтересовался химией, поэтому после окончания школы отец поступил в институт. Через пять лет он закончил его и стал инженером. Теперь он работает на заводе.
B.И вот мы продали дом и, как стая перелётных ласточек, унеслись на юг от хмурого английского лета. Мы путешествовали налегке, взяв с собой только то, что мы считали жизненно необходимым. Когда на таможне мы открыли для досмотра свой багаж, содержимое чемоданов ... продемонстри- ровало характер и интересы каждого из нас. Багаж Марго, например, состоял из вороха ... одежды и трёх книг с советами, как сохранить стройную фигуру. Я взял с собой в путешествие (to travel with) ... четыре книги по зоологии, сачок для бабочек и собаку.
(Дж. Даррелл)
Exercise 7.
The questions game.
One player chooses a famous person in history. The others try, to guess who he/she was by asking the first player questions. If they fail to guess correctly, the first player gives them hints.
Play this game asking: - only general questions;
- all sorts of questions.
Exercise 8.
Give a short account of:
a) what you did yesterday;
b) your life story;
c) a life story of an imaginary or real person.
The Future Simple Tense
1. Формы образования
| I, We | shall shan’t | go there next month. | ||
| He, She (It), You, They | will won’t | |||
| Shall | I, we | go there next month? | Yes, we shall No, we shan’t | |
| Will | he, she, (it), you, they | Yes, they will. No, they won’t. |
Note: в современном английском языке имеется тенденция к употреблению вспомогательного глагола will для всех лиц
I will do it tomorrow.
2. The Future Simple Tense употребляется для выражения обычных, привычных действий в будущем:
I’ll see you off there
3. Следующие обстоятельства обычно соответствуют данной временной форме:
tomorrow – завтра
the day after tomorrow – после завтра
next Monday (week, month, year) – в следующий понедельник (на следующей неделе ...).
in a day (three days) – через день (три дня).
some day / time – когда-нибудь
some other day / time – когда-нибудь в другой раз.
4. В придаточных предложениях времени и условия будущее время не употребляется; оно заменяется настоящим.
You will not get your scholarship, until you pass all exams.
Exercise1.
Make the following sentences negative Say the right sentences.
1. We shall graduate from the University next year.
2. I think, it will rain tomorrow.
3. We shall take 6 exams this session.
4. After holidays the students of our group will begin to study only in March.
5. I shall get my diploma next month.
6. In 4 years we shall become specialists in the field of philology.
7. I shall get up at 4 o’clock tomorrow morning.
8. I think, nobody will come to the University tomorrow.
Exercise2.
Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
1. He will get a good job after graduating from the University.
2. All the students will be busy at that time.
3. Their group will go to London next month.
4. They will write a test tomorrow at their German lesson.
5. I shall return the book in a week.
6. There will be a holiday soon.
7. I shan’t go to the University tomorrow.
8. He will have only two lessons tomorrow.
Exercise3.
Work in pairs. Ask the following questions and answer them. You may make up dialogues.
1. In how many years will you graduate from the University?
2. What diploma will you receive, what do you think?
3. What speciality will you get ?
4. What will you become?
5. Where will you work?
6. Will you work according to your speciality?
7. Will your job be interesting?
Exercise 4.
You are 17 or 18 years old now. What will you be like in 10 years from now?
How will your life be different then? Complete the sentences using shall or shan’t, will or won’t.
Pattern: I hope I shall have a job in 10 years time.
1. I hope I / have a job in 10 years time.
2. Perhaps , it / be a good job.
3. I probably / not / be very rich.
4. Certainly I / not / look the same as I do now.
5. I think I / be married.
6. I / probably/ have children.
7. I /perhaps/ have a house of my own.
8. I hope I / have a nice car.
Exercise 5.
Use the Future Simple instead of the infinitives in brackets.
1. I (to be ) very busy at the beginning of June. We (to have) our exams.
2. You (to go) to the Opera with me tonight? They (to sing) “Faust”.
3. Soon I (to know) English very well.
4. You (to help) me or not?
5. Next term we (not to study) physics.
6. You (to come) to my party, will not you?
7. In 4 years we (to become) specialists.
8. I hope, I (to use) English in my future speciality.
Exercise 6.
Translate into English.
1. Завтра у нас не будет урока физика. Учитель болеет.
2. Эта зима будет очень холодной.
3. Когда ты начнёшь писать реферат? – Думаю, сегодня. Я делаю доклад в понедельник
4. Я думаю, в моём диктанте не будет ошибок.
5. Когда ты начнешь учить английский язык?
6. Не приходи вечером. Я буду занята.
7. Мы закончим институт через 4 года.
8. Я не буду ждать тебя после занятий.
9. Когда ты будешь свободен?
10. Следующая лекция будет в четверг.
11. Какие предметы мы будем изучать в следующем семестре?
12. В январе мы будем сдавать 3 экзамена. После сессии у нас будут каникулы.
Exercise 7.
Translate into Russian.
1. Ifeverything is all right, my son will graduate from college next year.
2. I shall not do what you want unless you do what I asked you to.
3. We shan’t have dinner until father comes back from work
4. As soon as John gets a good job, he will get married and will have a family of his own.
5. Come to see me before you leave for the south.
6. When I arrive in London, I’ll see the Tower first of all.
7. I’ll come and see you after I have finished my work.
8. Let’s wait till the Professor comes.
Exercise 8.
Say what you will do:
1. If I know English very well, I’ll ……
2. If I am a millioneer, I’ll ……
3. Before I go to New York, I’ll……
4. We shall go to the country, if the weather ……
5. We shall go to the bar, if ……
6. I’ll help you with your English, if ……
Exercise 9.
Use the Present Simple or the Future Simple Tense.
1. It (to take) you ten minutes if you (to take) a taxi.
2. We (to catch) the train, if you (to hurry up).
3. Let’s wait till the green light (to be) on.
4. If you (to come) at five o’clock, we (to see) an interesting TV programme.
5. As soon as you (to get ) my letter, send me some money.
6. When I (to enter) this university, I (to study) two foreign languages.
7. If you (to read) this text, you (to know) why English is important to you.
8. Before you (to begin) to do this exercise, review the vocabulary. It (to help) you.
Exercise 10.
Translate into English.
1. Когда я приду домой, я буду отдыхать.
2. Перед тем, как он поедет в Лондон, он позвонит вам
3. Если я получу хорошую работу, я останусь в этом городе.
4. Он не переведёт этот текст, если ты не поможешь ему.
5. Вы не будете говорить по-английски очень хорошо, если не будете знать грамматику.
6. Подождите пока не придет преподаватель.
7. Когда я закончу институт, я пойду работать в крупное научно-исследовательское учреждение.
8. Вы не получите стипендию если не здатите все экзамены вовремя.
Exercise 11.
Choose the right variant.
1. I ... late last night.
a) arrive b) arrived c) will arrive
2. She always ... much work to do.
a) has b) had c) will have
3. I ... my book at home because I was in a hurry.
a) leave b) leaved c)left
4. I promise I ... you soon.
a) phone b) phoned c) shall
5. When ... you ... from the University?
a) will ... graduate b) do ... graduate
6. My boy-friend ... ... English well.
a) don’t know b) not know c) doesn’t know