Matchthephrases (a-o) withcorrectvariant (1-15).

a) уважать права отдельного человека b) отражать изменяющиеся потребности общества c) иметь разногласия и кон­фликты d) верить в верховенство закона e) защищать основные права и свободы f) назначение (цель) права g) иметь право открыто выска­зать свое мнение h) жить в обществе i) выбирать что-либо наугад j) стремиться изменить закон законными средствами k) арестовывать и наказывать людей без суда и следствия l) охранять нашу собствен­ность и жизнь m) в соответствии с законом n) обращаться к закону o) решать споры миром

1) the purpose of law 2) to live in society 3) to choose at random 4) to safeguard our personal property and our lives 5) to have disagreements and conflicts 6) to resolve disputes peacefully 7) to turn to the law 8) to respect individual rights 9) to arrest and punish people without trial 10) to believe in the Rule of Law 11) in accordance with the law 12) to protect basic individual rights and freedoms 13) to reflect the changing needs of society 14) to have the right to speak out publicly 15) to seek to change the law by lawful means

Finishthesentencesaccordingto the text.

1. Almost everything we do is governed by ...

a) rules imposed by morality.

b) the courts.

c) some sets of rules.

2. If we didn't live in a structured society with other people ...

a) we would simply do as we please.

b) we would simply do with little regard for others.

c) laws would not be necessary.

3. Laws against criminal conduct help ...

a) to protect our property.

b) to take advantage of other individuals.

c) to safeguard our personal property and our lives.

4. We turn to the law ...

a) to resolve disputes peacefully.

b) to decide who is the real owner.

c) to force people to keep their promises.

5. Another goal of the law is...

a) to protect certain basic individual rights and freedoms.

b) fairness.

c) to provide for benefits.

Showyouragreement / disagreementwiththefollowingstatements. Uselanguagesuchas:

Model:а) I fully agree with the statement.

b) I am afraid, I can't agree with it.

1. Not everything we do isgoverned by some set of rules.

2. We need rules that everyone must obey.

3. Laws against criminal conduct don’t help to safeguard our personal property and our lives.

4. In a well-ordered society conflicts never arise.

5. It is impossible to resolve disputes peacefully .

6. If individual’s rights are respected it means that we live in a safe and peaceful society.

7. Totalitarian governments have cruel and arbitrary laws.

8. Strong-arm tactics may provide a great deal of order ensuring the society operates in an orderly manner.

9. Laws should be applied to every person in the society.

10. The only goal of the law is fairness.

5. Answer the questions.

1. What kind of society do we live in?

2. What is the society governed by?

3. What is the difference between laws and rules of morality?

4. Why do rules of morality and custom play an important role in our life?

5. Why are laws designed to control our behaviour?

6. What are the goals of law?

7. When do people turn to the law?

8. Why do we need law?

Retell the text using the following plan.

1. The author believes...

2. Firstly the author points at...

3. Secondly the author supposes...

4. Thirdly the author thinks...

5. Finally the author concludes...

ChangeRussianwordsintoEnglishequivalents.

The aim of (права) is to regulate the conduct of human beings in soci­ety. The aim of (правовой) theory is (рассмотреть) the nature, origin and reclassification of law. The theory of natural law is based on the belief that there is a set of perfect (юридическихнорм)for human conduct and (за­коны) devised by men must be induced by these rules. (Закон) is a term which is used in many different senses. To (юриста) law has a far narrower meaning - the principle recognized and applied by the state in (суде). The English (правоваясистема) has still been copied by many nations. (су­дебныйпроцесс) becomes the center of a contest between both parties in which one emerges as the winner. By the time of (судебногоразбиратель­ства) each (сторонадела) should gain as much information as possible.

Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

1 What are some different jobs in the legal profession?

2 Which legal job would you prefer, and why?

Read and listen to the passage.