Past Simple - Прошедшее Простое

Как образуется:

II форма глагола, т.е. глагол+окончание –ed (правильные глаголы), либо II форма неправильного глагола.

To work – worked to tell - told

Вопросительная и отрицательная форма образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола «did».

Did I work? Did we work?

Did you work? Did you work?

He Did they work?

Did { she } work?

it

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) didn’t work.

Когда употребляется:

1. Наличие обстоятельств времени yesterday (вчера), last (прошедший, прошлый) или иных.

He visited doctor last week. - На прошлой неделе он был у врача.

I met him when I studied at the University. - Я встретила его, когда училась в университете.

2. Действие произошло в прошлом без каких-либо условий.

I knew you would come. - Я знала, что ты придешь.

3. Последовательность действий.

He took the taxi, asked to stop at the Time Square, looked through the window etc. - Он взял такси, попросил остановить на Тайм Сквер, посмотрел в окно и т.д.

Future Simple - Будущее Простое

Как образуется:

Will (shall) + I форма глагола.

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) will work

Вопросительная форма образуется путем инверсии

Will I (you, he, she, it, we, they) work?

Отрицательная форма

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) will not (won’t) work.

Когда употребляется:

Действие произойдет в будущем.

Употребляется с временными маркерами tomorrow, next, либо указан срок.

I will write to you tomorrow. - Напишу тебе завтра.

He will visit us in 3 weeks. - Он навестит нас через 3 недели.

Употребление и перевод времен Simple Tenses (Active)

Время	Модели сказуемых	Выражает	Переводится	Примеры
Present	V (без to) для всех лиц кроме 3-го лица ед.ч. V + -s(-es)	Действие, обычно повторяющееся, не ограниченное временными рамками	Настоящим временем	I You We They     He She It	interview witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice
interviews witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice
Past	V + -ed	Однократное или повторяющееся действие, имевшее место в прошлом	Прошедшим временем совершенного или несовершенного вида	I You He She It We They	interviewed witnesses and interrogated criminals at our practice last year
Future	shall will + V (без to)	Однократное или повторяющееся действие, которое произойдет в будущем	Будущем временем совершенного или несовершенного вида	I   You He She It They	shall	interview witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice next year
will

Неправильные глаголы

Infinitive	Past Simple	Past Participle
Неопределенная форма глагола	Прошедшее время	Причастие прошедшего времени
Be beat become begin bend bite blow break bring burn build buy can catch choose come cost cut do draw dream drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forget forgive freeze get give go grow hang have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know lay lead learn leave lend let lie lose make mean meet pay put read ride ring rise run say see sell send set shine shoot show shut sing sink sit sleep smell speak spell spend spread stand steal sweep swim swing take teach tear tell think throw understand wake wear win write	was/were beat became began bent bit blew broke brought burnt built bought could caught chose came cost cut did drew dreamt drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forgot forgave froze got gave went grew hung had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew laid led learnt left lent let lay lost made meant met paid put read rode rang rose ran said saw sold sent set shone shot showed shut sang sank sat slept smelt spoke spelt spent spread stood stole swept swam swung took taught tore told thought threw understood woke wore won wrote	Been beaten become begun bent bitten blow broken brought burnt built bought (been able) caught chosen come cost cut done drawn dreamt drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forgotten forgiven frozen got given gone (been) grown hung had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known laid led learnt left lent let lain lost made meant met paid put read ridden rung risen run said seen sold sent set shone shot shown shut sung sunk sat slept smelt spoken spelt spent spread stood stolen swept swum swung taken taught torn told thought thrown understood woken worn won written

Exercises

1. Поставьте глаголы в The Past и The Future Indefinite, употребляя соответствующие индикаторы.

1. He plays tennis twice a week. 2. She learns French and German. 3. We keep our car in the garage. 4. They often make mistakes. 5. I help my mother about the house. 6. They do their shopping every day. 7. We go to the University by metro. 8. The classes begin at. 9. I stay at school till 2 o'clock. 10. If often rains in October. 11. Tom gets excellent marks in English.