Industrial accidents. Injuries and treatment.

With health care costs rising higher and higher, health insurance is becoming a near necessity.

To protect their employees from financial disaster and to protect themselves from the potential loss of employees – most businesses provide their employees with some kind of health insurance. Almost 75 percent of the US population is covered by employer-provided health insurance.

Also some companies offer wellness programs such as emphasize nutrition [‘ньютришен], physical fitness, cessation [се‘сейшн] of smoking, weight loss and stress reduction.

Health care coverage generally includes: 1. Hospital expenses such as room fees, emergency room fees, operating room charges, prescription drugs ordered by doctor. They are covered by hospitalization insurance. 2. Surgical (хирургические) and medical payment insurance covers the fees of surgeons, anesthesiologists and other attending physicians, the cost of doctor’s visits before and after surgery. 3. Major [‘мейдже] medical insurance covers expenses associated with serious illnesses such as cancer [к’энсер – рак]. Because the probability of having a serious medical problem is small, major medical insurance is reasonably priced. 4. Disability insurance provides steady payments while a worker is sick or disabled to work.

Blue Cross and Blue Shield are probably the best-known sources of health insurance.

The way of increasing productivity.

To identify the most effective way of increasing productivity you need to conduct a work study. That did mr.Grand, he decided to engage consultants who are specialists in work study, because he is worried about productivity.

Work study is analyzing job throughout the firm with a view to reorganizing then in order to decrease time and expenditure. The consultants propose to start work study in conjunction a scheme under which the employees could share some of the benefits of improvement. But despite on conducted survey mr. Grant didn't like it cause somebody would tell him how to run his own business. There are two main ways to increased productivity: 1. Robotics - robots have taken over many of the tasks previously carried out by workers, part of process of automation. This may be Computer Aided Design or Computer Assisted Manufacturing. 2. Re-engineering -more efficiently organized production process or re-design of a product. This concept has been applied to business and parts of business other than manufacturing and in this context is referred to as re-engineering or BPR.

Pension schemes

A pension is money paid to an employee when he retires, leaves on reaching a certain age. In Britain there is a compulsory scheme in which the employee pays a fixed amount every week and the employer a larger amount. Then on retirement, the worker gets his state pension.

Nowadays, however, an increasing number of companies operate their own pension schemes to give their employees more money to retire on. These schemes are usually governed, or ruled, by a trust deed. The trust is separate from the company.

Trustees are appointed and they hold meetings regularly to approve money for pensions, examine the fund accounts and so on. We can consider the pension scheme as an example of Harper & Grand. Every employee working for Harper & Grant, for example, pays a certain amount of his wages into the fund.

This money is invested to increase its value, and after a certain period of employment the employee qualifies for a pension. In this company according to the articles of the trust, if an employee leaves the firm for a time he must then work a certain number of years in order to qualify for the full pension. Thus, each company has its own pension scheme that you want to know when applying for a job.

Downsizing and dismissing

Middle managers are those in the hierarchy between senior management and front-line managers or line managers, the people managing employees.

Middle managers are now most often mentioned in the context of re-engineering, delayering, downsizing or rightsizing: all these expression describe the recent trend for companies to reduce the numbers of people they employ. Often by getting rid of layers of managers from the middle of the hierarchy.

When people lose their jobs, they are dismissed or made redundant. When people are laid off like this? Commentators talk about the number or dismissal or redundancies involved.

The language of dismissal appear to have as many euphemisms as that of sex and death. Those unfortunate enough to find themselves on the street may often wonder if they have been let go, terminated, discharged, fired, sacked, axed, given the boot, pushed or chopped.

The euphemisms for executives we more gentle. They retire, leave by mutual consent, part company to spend more time with their family, pursue an alternative career or accept a fresh challenge.

One of the most subtly disguised dismissal appeared in the film Philadelphia, where the actor Tom Hanks, playing an Aids victim, was told by his bosses: "We can't make the best use of your talents. At least the words “You’re fired" have a certain nag to them.