Materials in car body design
are… / are characterized by… / exhibit features …
| fiber -reinforced composites | metal alloys | |||||||||||
| Pro | contra | Pro | contra | |||||||||
Useful language :stiff/ stiffness
durable/ durability
environmentally friendly
impact resistance/resistant
waterproofing (гидрофобный)
corrosion resistance/ resistant
easy to process
cost effective / cost savings
weight effective / weight savings
fuel efficient / fuel efficiency
recyclable
recoverable / recyclability
noise suppression
safety protection
Exercise 6. Open the brackets and put the verb in Active or Passive Voice
1. Recently the layers of woven Kevlar (to combine)____________ with the layers of resin, the resulting ‘rigid’ material is light and has twenty times the strength of steel.
2. Since its invention Kevlar _________ (to use) with 4 x 4 vehicles, especially when the vehicle is used off road and far away from recovery services.
3. Kevlar is ideal because it is lightweight and non-flammable and it ________ (to offer) protection from high temperatures and excellent impact resistance.
4. Kevlar is used as reinforcement material for some car tyres and bicycle tyres. This standard of tyre is more expensive than ordinary road tyres. They are of particular use with 4 x 4 vehicles, especially when the vehicle (to use) ___________ off road and far away from recovery services.
5. The first active suspension system with the ability to recapture energy (to develop) ____________ by the Levant Power Corp. It features modest power consumption, minimal complexity and affordable cost.
Exercise 7.Complete the following sentencesusing the words in the box
| a. reduced/ b.advancement/ c.strength/ d.performance/ e.durability/ |
1. Composites are still too expensive, but many experts believed that continued technical ___________could bring low-cost, mass-produced auto chassis and bodies that could save fuel.
2. To improve car ____________ would require more powerful and more efficient combustion.
3. Composite materials allow engineers to create very complicated structures with _____________weight and increased strength at a lower-cost than can be achieved with conventional metal structures.
4.Theshape of the material determines its stiffness without affecting its ultimate __________ .
5. The new and improved air suspension seating today provides drivers with a smooth vibration -free environment by focusing advancements in technology and _______________.
Exercise 8. Read thefollowing text without a dictionary and speak on the benefits of polymer composites in auto bodies and chassis.
Researchers continue to believe that further work on cheaper fibers, new resin systems such as liquid crystal polymers, and automated processing equipment will eventually cut costs and improve the final product.
Potential benefits derived from the adoption of structural composites are manifold. Improved crash safety could be achieved when engineers take advantage of the materials' higher specific energy absorption.
Composites contribute to simpler assembly operations. Polymer composite structures offer better long-term durability than metal ones and superior environmental sustainability through enhanced end-of- life recyclability.
(640 characters)
Exercise 9.Make reports supported by slides on the following topics (your speech should last for 5-7 minutes)
Topics for reports
1. Application of composite materials in automotive research.
2. Aspects of lightweight car design.
3. Advances in car design
4. Composite materials and car performance.
Text 3 B. UK Specialist Drives Composite Advance
Read text 3 B and render it in English:
1. For some time, the automobile industry has been searching for cost-effective lightweight carbon fiber technologies capable of improving speed and fuel efficiency. In the unique body panels developed by UK advanced composites specialist SP and used on the newly-launched MG X-Power SV sports car, it could just have found what it is looking for.
2. Until now, carbon fiber used in performance vehicles has proved complex and costly to manufacture. Not surprisingly, it has only been used on cars that cost at least £200,000 ($366,600). The demand for customized performance cars at series production costs has, however, fuelled a global drive to develop a solution that will address the two most important requirements: performance and looks. SP has been at the heart of this activity - and has come up with a technique that reduces the average cost of a carbon body shell from more than £40,000 ($73,327) to around £10,000 ($18,331).
3. SP's expertise derives from its involvement in revolutionary changes in boatbuilding techniques in the 1980s. SP has become a leading supplier of advanced composites for the marine, wind energy and automotive markets. It has also built a reputation for the skill with which it combines material science, structural design and process engineering. In the automobile market, its reputation owes much to SPRINT® CBS, a material that weighs 20% that of steel for the equivalent stiffness, and SF95, a surfacing film that matches the car's performance. For mass producing 20,000 cars, steel and aluminum are still likely to be the cheapest option, but for 5 to 2,000 production, carbon fiber could be the answer.
(1381 characters )
Notes: SP - a leading supplier of advanced composites for the marine, wind energy and automotive markets.
Unit 4
New words
Nouns
| axle | ось | |
| welding | сварка | |
| predecessor | предшественник | |
| lubricant | смазка | |
| torque | вращающий момент | |
| joint | соединение (шов) | |
| ribbing | ребристость, неровность | |
| distribution | распределение | |
| feature | особенность | |
| compatibility | совместимость |
Verbs
| weld | сваривать | |
| allow | позволять | |
| eliminate | сокращать, устранять | |
| involve | предусматривать | |
| join | соединять | |
| incorporate | включать |
Adjectives
| pneumatic | пневматический | |
| available | имеющийся | |
| rear | задний | |
| parasitic | избыточный | |
| autogenous | газовый | |
| remaining | остающийся | |
| sacrificial | присадочный | |
| smooth | гладкий | |
| stiff | жесткий | |
| single | монолитный, единый | |
| sliding | скользящий |
Word combinations
| a design and manufacturing revolution | прорыв в конструировании и производстве | |
| a manufacturing facility | производственная установка | |
| heavy duty applications | сложные условия | |
| one-piece casting | цельная отливка | |
| a 'smart lubrication' system | умнаясмазочнаясистема | |
| tocutsplashlosses | зд. предотвратить выбросы лишнего масла | |
| 44 ton-plusapplications | осевые нагрузки свыше 44 тонны | |
| thedifferentialcasedesign | разработка корпуса дифференциала | |
| bolts for ring gear to differential case | болты крепления ведомой шестерни к корпусу дифференциала | |
| bolts for diff case to diff case | болты соединения половинок корпуса дифференциала | |
| bolts for pinion housing to carrier casting | болты крепления гнезда подшипника шестерни к корпусу (главной передачи) | |
| the bolts for differential side gear bearing cover | болты крепления крышки подшипника ведущей шестерни | |
| a sacrificial filler metal | присадочныйметал | |
| a single, exceptionally stiff, one-piece component | цельная жесткая неразъемная деталь | |
| the hypoid offset | гипоидное смещение, рассогласование | |
| current and future braking and chassis control strategies | cовременные прогрессивные подходы куправлению тормозной системой и работой шасси | |
| an solenoid-driven electromechanical differential lock | механизм блокировки дифференциала с соленоидным приводом | |
| the associated valves and pipework | соответствующие клапаны и разводка труб |
Glossary