Which chemicals are used in mites man.

Agriculture exam

1) Infrared radiation is:

· Is popularly known as heat radiation

2) Organic farming:

· Is using biological pest control methods

3) Flooding occurs when:

· Large volume of rain falls over a short period of time

· Rain cannot be absorbed by soil

4) A relationship between species where one species benefits at the expense another called:

· Parasitism

5) C4 plants have a competitive advantage over plants possessing the more … carbon fixation pathway under conditions:

· High temperature

· Drought

6) In the Czech Republic ,predominant type of agriculture according to water supply is :

· -rainfed agriculture

7) Which crops cannot be successfully grown in potatoes production area?

· Sunflower

· Cucumbers

8) Main vectors of virus-born diseases in plants are:

· Aphids

9) Temperature is influenced by:

· Season and topography

10) Which chemicals are used in weed management?

· Herbicides

11)What does it mean physical weathering:

· -use of different forces for rock disintegration

· -use of frost for rock disintegration

·

11) Colorado beetle is very important pest of:

· Potatoes, tomatoes and eggplant

12) Conservation tillage includes:

· No-tillage

· Mulch tillage

14) Cambisol is defined as:

· Type of soil with large horizon differenation

15) Biological sorption refers to statement:

· Nutrients are mainly captured in plant tissues and soil microorganismus

16) Conservation methods of biological weed management involved:

· Modifying the environment to retain or increase populations and intensify the damage they inflict on weeds.

17) Non-selective herbicide:

· Is toxic to all plants

18) Mark noninfectious agents of plants damages:

· Bacteria

19) Flax grassing is:

· Decomposing of upper layers of the flax stem by special bacteria

20) Ridging of potatoes by the special ploughshare is made several times:

· From germination to the beginning of buds formation

21) Methyl-esters of oilseed rape in the Czech Republic:

· Are commonly used as an addition to the bio-diesel

22) To the main producers of sugar beet doesn’t belong:

· Sweden

23) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:

· During July

24) Potato is cultivated for production of:

· Saccharides (starch)

25) Among the fast-growing trees suitable for cultivation on plantations don’t:

· Lime trees

26) Soil PH can affect:

· Actsorption and desorption

· Solubility of macro and micro

27) Spring barley:

· Does not require exposure to winter temperatures and can be sown in spring

28) Inert silica compounds and primary and secondary aluminosilicates belong among:

· Mineral solid soil portion

29) As a biological method for managing insect pests in agriculture can be used:

· Predators, parasitoid and pathogens

30) As a source of poppy for pharmaceutical industry is used:

· Empty dry poppyhead with upper part of stem

31) Cereal crop suitable for dry soil-climatic conditions:

· Sorghum

32) Commercial energy crops are:

· High yielding crop species

· eg. willows and poplars

33) The world’s most important protein feed:

· Soybean meal

34) The most widespread cereal crops in Europe are:

· Wheat and barley

35) Rye is predominantly cultivated on:

· Light, sandy, slightly acidic soils

36) Mineral solid soil portion consist of:

· Organomineral complexes

37) Winter cereal crop with the highest frost-resistance is:

· Rye

38) Main purposes for primary time of plants:

· Production of food

39) Norfolk four-course system is:

· Four crops were planted simultaneously

· First crop was beat followed by turnips and third barley with clover understown

40) Oilseed rape is not used for productions of:

· Bread making

41) Organic farming is the form of agriculture that:

· Relies on technique such as crop rotation and biological pest control

42) N fertilizers in winter oilseed rape are not applied:

· During the ripening

43) As renewable energy resources are planted:

· Oat

· Maize

44) Soil Horizon B is described as:

· soil materials are transformed and clays or oxides accumulated there

· alluvial

45) Which agricultural productions area is situated in the coldest regions of the Czech Republic?

· Maize production area

46) Soil organic matter is a source of:

· Nutriets

47) GM crops:

· have specific genes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques

· are allowed to grow in some European countries

48) Poppy:

· can be the source of many opiates

· is the source of edible poppyseed oil

49) Rhizomania:

· is a disease of sugar beet caused by virus

50) Secondary tillage is used to:

· Seed bed preparation

51) Which group of crops is fertilized by organic manures at most?

· Root crops

52) Crop pests include:

· Insects

53) Which group of crops enriches the soil nitrogen content by biological fixation, provided by bacteria from the genus Rhizobium?

· Cereal

· Legumes

54) The acquisition of a plant’s ability to flower or germinate in the spring by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter is called:

· Vernalization

55) Selective herbicide:

· Is much more toxic to some plants than to others

56) PAR:

· 400- 760 nm

57) Toxic….

· Herbicides

58) As renewable energy resource an present in plants:

· Oil-seed rape

59) Where major nutrient an present in plants:

· are part of protein, nucleic acid, vitamins, phospholipids

60) Main vectors of virus-born diseases in plants are:

· Aphids

61) Sugar beet does not prefer:

· Light sandy soils

· Warmer growing regions

62) Weeds are:

· Solely crop parasits

63) Which elements belong…. potentially toxic:

· Cd, Hg, Pb

64) How much individual macronutrients is commonly present in dry matter of plant biomass:

· 0.10- 2.5%

65) IR radiation:

· Can be used as a heating source

· Is popularly known as heat radiation

66) Photosynthesis is the process:

· converting light energy to chemical energy

67) Gaseous phase (soil air) contains:

· elevated amounts of oxygen and nitrogen

68) Norfolk four-course system is:

· First crop was wheat followed by turnips and third barley with clover undersown

· Fallow field was omitted and system emphasized fodder crops

69) The world’s most important protein feed, accounting for more than two- thirds of world supplies is:

· Soybean

70) Urban Based Farming system is represented by:

· Production of vegetables, in particular leaf vegetables

· Small livestock is usually grown there as well

71) Irrigation:

· Is an artificial application of water to the land or soil

· is used in cultivation of fruits and vegetables

72) Nutrient uptake is caused by:

· Root tips and hairs as well leaves and stems of plants

73) To the cereals of II group belong:

· Maize

· Sorghum

74) Among the most important crops that feed the world belong:

· Maize and barley

75) Cereal crop suitable for sodden conditions is:

· Rice

76) Rice is the most widespread cereal crop in:

· Asia

77) Flax seed is used for:

· Production of technical and industrial oil

· Productions of Fibre

78) Organic solid soil portion consist of:

· Primary and secondary aluminosilicates

79) Polychlorinated biphenyls belong among main:

· organic pollutants

80) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:

· During July

81) What does it mean rhizosphere environment:

· layer of soil touch to plant roots

82) Which elements belong to major nutrients:

· N P K Ca Mg

· N P K Ca S

83) Spring barley:

· Does not require exposure to winter temperatures

84) Which components belong among outputs of nutrient cycle:

· Volatilization leaching denitrification erosion

85) Plant cells differ from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms:

· Have vacuole, cell wall

· Have plastids and cell membrane

86) Organic farming is the form of agriculture that excludes or strietly limits:

· Use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides

· Use of livestock feed additives and genetically modified organisms

87) Main steps of soil development are:

· Transition of unstable minerals into more stable ones

· Living organisms appeared in mixture of inorganic and organic materials

88) Soil horizon O is described as:

· A surface layer, dominated by the presence of large amounts of organic materials

· Layer with presence of high organic matter

89) Winter oilseed rape overwintering is in vegetation stage of:

· Leaf rosette

90) A symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant is called:

· Mycorrhiza

· Mutualism

91) Main producers of sugar cane are:

· Brazil, India, China

92) Primary tillage is used for:

· Break and loose the soil

93) To the basic quality parameter of sugar beet roots doesn’t belong:

· Vitamins content

· … ash content

94) Crops with shallow root systems are:

· Flax

· Potatoes

95) Optimum of C:N ratio fluctuates between:

· 15:1-23:1

96) The world’s most important protein feed, accounting for more than two-thirds of world supplies is:

· Soybean meal

97) Potatoes do not prefer:

· Lower temperatures during vegetation

98) Sunflower is not used for:

· Production of starch

99) Ridging of potatoes by the special ploughshare is made several times:

· From germination to the beginning of buds formation

100) To the medical plants used like antidepressives doesn’t belong:

· oak bark

101) Achene is source of oil in:

· sunflower, safflower, cotton

102) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:

· during July

103) The best harvest time of the leaf drugs is:

· beginning of the buds formation

104) C₄ carbon fixation is:

· typical for maize, sugar cane, millet and sorghum

105) The most suitable cereal crops for bioethanol production are:

· wheat and triticale

106) Horticulture Mixed Farming System is represented by:

· farm size is small and has a diversified production pattern

· cultivation of fruit, nuts and vegetables, partly irrigated

107) Term of winter wheat sowing in European conditions is usually in:

· September and October

108) UV radiation is the light with wavelengths betwee

· 100- 400 nm

109) Long day plants

· typically flower in the northern hemisphere during late spring or early summer

110) The process where a population of animals or plants is changed through a process of artificial selection at the genetic level, desired by humans, is called

· Domestication

111) UV radiation

· can not be seen (non-visible)

· can not be harmful to plant tissues and eyes

112) Minimum oil content in the seeds of oilseed rape should be:

· 42%

113) Environmental importance of plants are:

· sequestration of CO2

· water reservoirs protection

114) Positive effects of the weeds:

· weeds can provide food for crop pollinators and pest bioregulators

115) Main purposes for primary use of plants

· production of food, production of fabrics

116) Farming system is defined as:

· horizontal and vertical integration of crop livestock, trees and aquaculture

117) Sparse (cold) Farming System is represented by:

· limited cultivation of rye and oats, as well as for potatoes and some vegetables

· short growing season, very low temperatures and poor soils

118) Main objectives of organic farming are:

· production of healthy food under regulated procedure

· development of soil fertility mechanical weed control

119) Gaseous phase (soil air) contains .... compare to atmospheric air:

· elevated amounts of oxygen and nitrogen

120) Which main factors are required for plant growth:

· water, sun radiation, temperature, nutrients

121) Recommended sowing rate of winter wheat is:

· 400-500 kernels per 1m2

122) Which organism belong to pathogens:

· Salmonella, Clostridium, Mycotoxins, Leptospira

123) Choose characteristics, which does not belong to the characterization of the 1st group of cereals:

· they create only spring forms

124) The average growing area of rye in Czech Republic is about:

· 45 000 ha

125) The average yield of sugar beet roots in the Czech Republic is about:

· 40-50 t*ha-1

126) Potatoes of the cooking type D are:

· intensely mealy

127) Average sugar content in the sugar beet root in the conditions of the Czech Republic is about:

· 16-19%

128) Oilseed rape is not used for production of:

· Bioethanol

· bread making

129) To the antidiabetics does not belong:

· golden-rod

130) Convention tillage comprises all tillage types that:

· leave less than 15% crops residues on the soil surface after planting the next crop

· leave less than 1100kg ha-1 of small grain residues through a critical erosion period

131) Mark shallow rooting crops:

· Flax

· potatoes

132) Conservation methods of biological weed management involve:

· modifying the environmental to population of resident control agents and intensity the damage they inflicts on weeds retain or increase

133) Urban Based Farming System is represented by:

· production of vegetables, in particular leafy vegetables

· small livestock is usually grown there

134) Classification of farming system is based on the:

· available natural resources

· landscape (soil type, soil depth, slope)

135) Irrigated Farming System is represented by:

· high value crops

· intensive irrigation, soil desertification and degradation

136) Large-scale Cereals-Vegetable Farming System is represented by:

· large farms ranging from 500 - 4000ha

· farmers grow mainly wheat, barley, maize, sunflower, sugar beet

137) Liquid phase (soil solution) contains:

· elevated amounts of sulphates and low amount of phosphates

· usually low amounts of phosphates and high amounts of calcium

138) Main objectives of sustainable agriculture are:

· reduction of unnecessary inputs keeping relatively high primary production

· minimization of environmental risks and high quality of products

139) Which are main physical parameters of soil fertility:

· soil structure, texture and soil porosity

· soil temperature and susceptibility to soil erosion

140) How you can describe the importance of water:

· as an universal solvent, due to hydrogen bonds and its polarity

141) Which elements belong to trace (micro) nutrients:

· Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, B

· Zn, Fe, B, Mo, B

142) Sources of pathogens:

· Manure, slurry, sewage sludge

143) Choose characteristic, which does belong to the characterization of the 1st group of cereals:

· they have hollow stalk

· they need long day (14 - 16 hours) for formation of generative organs (ears)

144) The average grain yield of winter wheat in CR is about:

· 4-5 t.ha-1

145) Which elements belong among potentially toxic:

· Cu, Cr, Cd, Zn, Ni, Ba

· Be, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Tl

· Cd, Hg, Pb

146) To the afrodisiacs does not belong:

· peppermint

147) Wheat for bread, baking purposes (proofing dough) should have:

· the highest possible content of protein

148) The average consumption of sugar per person and year in the CR is about:

· 40kg

149) Sugar beets is usually harvested during the:

· October and November

150) The best harvest time of the fruit drugs is:

· in full maturity

151) Conservation tillage comprises all tillage types:

· leave more than 30% or more soil surface with crop residues after planting

152) Which groups of crops is fertilized by organic manures at most?

· root crops

153) In general, food foreceptors are:

· oil seed crops (oil seed rape)

154) Which agriculture production area is situated in the coldest regions of the Czech republic?

· fodder crop production area

155) Soil organic matter is a source of:

· Nutrients

· carbonates

156) How can you describe nutrients:

· specific elements required for plant growth

· elements soluble in water

157) Mark non-infectious agents of plant damages:

· nutrient deficiencies

· frost

· (pesticides/ surfactants, lightening)

158) In organic (ecological) farming:

· only selective herbicides can be used

159) Climate:

· is commonly considered to be the weather averaged over a long period of time, typically 30 years

160) C3 plants:

· prefer areas with moderate temperature

· (wheat, barley, potatoes, sugar beet)

161) Most economies of the developing world are predominantly:

· agrarian

162) As a renewable energy resources are planted:

· oil-seed rape

· maize

163) How much individual macronutrients is commonly present in dry matter of plant biomass:

· 0, 1 – 2,5 %

164) Photosynthesis is the process:

· converting light energy to chemical energy

· occurring in plants and some algae

Test А

2) The main group of crops under irrigation in CZ:
- cereals

- vegetables

3) The most widespread seedy oil crop worldwide is:

- soybean

4) Main contemporary agricultural systems are:

- intensive (conventional) agriculture

- sustainable agriculture

14) Soil origin is:

- Sedimentary

- Volcanic

15) Chlorophyll:

- absorbs red and blue

- transmits and reflects green

17) In agriculture can be used:

- Predators, parasitoid, pathogens

16)Main soil sources potentially toxic elements:

- sewage sludge

18) As a source of poppy alcaloids for pharmaceutical industry is used:

- Empty dry poppyhead with upper part of stem

20) Root chicory is important source of:

- inulin

21) To the root crops doesn`t belong:

- oilseed rape

31) Oil flax is characteristic by:

- long stem with rich branching

32) Conservation tillage includes:

- no-tillage

- mulch tillage

33) Mark shallow rooting crops:

- flax

- potatoes

34) Soil phases are:

- liquid

- solid

42) Sorghum is tolerant:

- to acidic soils

- to salinity

Which chemicals are used in mites man.

- Acaricides

44) What does it mean – physical wheathering :

- Use of differing forces

- Use of different microorg.

- Use of frost