Abnormalities of the Placenta.
***) Placental abnormality characterized by an accessory lobe is termed:
Placenta membranacea
Placenta circumvallate
Placenta succenturiata
Placenta fenestrata
Placenta increta
Answer: C* Placenta succenturiata
***) One of the following is true concerning placenta succenturiata:
The placenta is surrounded by a fibrous ring
The placenta contains fenestration in its center
The placenta is connected to an accessory lobe by a small vessels and membrane
The chorionic plate is surrounded by a membranous structure
The placenta is horse-shaped in appearance
Answer: C* The placenta is connected to an accessory lobe by a small vessels and membrane
***) One of the following is true concerning a battledore placenta:
The umbilical cord is attached to its central part
The umbilical cord is attached to the central membranes
The umbilical cord is attached to the margin of the placenta
The umbilical cord is attached to an accessory lobe of the placenta
The umbilical cord is attached to two lobes of placenta
Answer: C* The umbilical cord is attached to the margin of the placenta
***) All of the following are common causes of placental insufficiency, except:
Prolonged hypertension disease in pregnancy
Obesity
Chronic renal disease
Severe anemia
Prolonged pregnancy
Answer: B* Obesity
***) Placental insufficiency is caused by the following, except:
Smoking in pregnancy
Dieting in pregnancy
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
Post maturity
Multiple pregnancy
Answer: B* Dieting in pregnancy
***) All of the following are causes of large placenta, except:
Multiple pregnancy
Chronic renal disease
Syphilis
Diabetes mellitus
Hydropsfetalis
Answer: B* Chronic renal disease
Placenta Previa.
***) In placenta previa all of the following statements are true, except:
Causes painless vaginal bleeding
Vaginal examination is contraindicated
Is managed by caesarian section if covering the cervical os
Presents with a woody hard uterus
Predisposes to postpartum hemorrhage
Answer: D* Presents with a woody hard uterus
***) All of the following are commonly associated with placenta previa, except:
Sudden onset of fresh bleeding
Abnormal presentation
Unengaged head
Absence of fetal heart
Soft abdomen
Answer: D* Absence of fetal heart
***) Vaginal examination is contraindicated in one of the following situations during pregnancy:
Carcinoma of the cervix
Gonorrhea
Prolapsed cord
Placenta previa
Active labor
Answer: D* Placenta previa
Abruptio Placenta.
***) Concerning abruptio placenta, all the following are true except:
It is a premature separation of normally implanted placenta
The uterus is tender
In severe cases a central venous pressure line should be inserted
The vaginal bleeding is painless
The management of choice is termination of pregnancy
Answer: D* The vaginal bleeding is painless
***) Abruptio placenta can be secondary to all of the following, except:
Hypertensive disorders
Following delivery of first twin
In severe car accident
After rupture of membrane in oligohydramnios
External cephalic version
Answer: D* After rupture of membrane in oligohydramnios
***) In abruptio placenta, all of the following may occur, except:
Shock
Vaginal bleeding
Uterine tenderness
Convulsions
Fetal distress
Answer: C* Uterine tenderness
***) The most common complication of abruptio placenta is:
Hepatic failure
Heart failure
Post partum hemorrhage
Adrenal failure
Cerebral edema
Answer: C* Post partum hemorrhage
***) The following are complications of placental abruption, except:
Renal cortical necrosis
Eclampsia
Afibrinogenemia
DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy)
Intrauterine growth retardation
Answer: B* Eclampsia
***) The most consistent factor predisposing to abruption placenta is:
Maternal hypertension
Trauma
Uterine decompression
Maternal parity
Maternal age
Answer: A* Maternal hypertension
***) Treatment for severe placental abruption at term with 3cm dilated cervix is:
Heparin
Blood transfusion
Steroid therapy for fetal lung maturity
Tocolytic therapy
Urgent CS
Answer: E* Urgent CS
Placental Tumors.
***) Choriocarcinoma is a primary tumor of:
Decidua
Undifferentiated gonadal cells
Myometrium
Trophoblast
Ovaries
Answer: D* Trophoblast
***) Choriocarcinoma may result from all of the following, except:
Hydatidiform mole
Endometriosis
Term pregnancies
Ectopic pregnancies
Abortions
Answer: B* Endometriosis
***) The following are clinical features of choriocarcinoma, except:
Irregular vaginal bleeding after pregnancy
Metastases may present as lumps in the vagina
Choriocarcinoma is self-limited disease
May cause intraperitoneal hemorrhage
May cause amenorrhea
Answer: C* Choriocarcinoma is self-limited disease
***) Choriocarcinoma is treated by:
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Antibiotics
Hormones
Radiotherapy
Answer: B* Chemotherapy