Here are reasons for the advice given in the task above. Match each reason (1-10) to a piece of advice (a-j).

MAKING A PRESENTATION

What Makes a Good Presentation

Study the words and phrases below.

audience	n, group of listeners or spectators
body language	communication through facial expressions, body movements, etc.
chart	n, sheet of information in the form of a table, graph or diagram.
diagram	n, graphic representation of a situation e.g. the results of an action.
flip chart	pad of large paper sheets on a stand for presenting information.
graph	n, diagram showing the relation between variable quantities.
guidelines	n, advice or instructions given in order to guide or direct an action.
handout	n, written information (report etc.) given to people at a presentation.
key point	essential or main point.
marker	n, pen with felt tip used for writing on a whiteboard.
microphone	n, electrical instrument used to amplify the speaker's voice.
O.H.T.	overhead transparency : sheet of film with an image or printed information for overhead projector.
objective	n, what one wants to achieve; aim
outline	n, brief description or presentation.
overhead projector	device that projects an o.h.t. onto a screen.
overview	n, short presentation of the main points.
pointer	n, rod or stick used to indicate things on a map, screen, etc.
screen	n, flat, reflective blank surface on which films, slides, etc. are projected.
signposting language	phrases used to help focus the audience's attention on different parts of a presentation.
slide	n, small photographic transparency.
summarize	v, make a summary of the essential points; sum up.
topic	n, subject of a discussion or talk.
transparency	n, image or information printed on transparent plastic or film.
visual aids	aids such as charts, slides, etc. used at a presentation.
whiteboard	n, flat white board on which to write or draw with markers.

2. Read and translate the article below and answer the question 'What makes a good presentation?'.

Presentations are an important part of business communication skills. For a successful presentation you need: strategy and tactics; enthusiasm and self-confidence; knowledge of the subject. You need to have a balance of all 3 parts.

To define your strategy correctly you need to know audience’s needs and interests. The tactic will be successful if you: master a maximum of instruments and techniques of communication and presentation; learn to ‘slave’ to audience’s interests; analyze your own weaknesses and strengths. Self-assurance is defined by your approach and mood, and also by the degree of your readiness to communicate with audience. If you treat your presentation as a gambling game, you will definitely be enthusiastic. But be sure to not be too self-sufficient to not develop audience’s negative attitude toward yourself. Knowledge of the subject is knowledge of those benefits that audience can receive from presented idea. You need to know your audience.

3. Dos and Don’ts: preparation. Here are some tips for a stand-up presentation (one person talking to an audience).

a) Find out about the audience: how many people there will be, who they are, why they will be there, and how much they know about the subject.

b) Find out about the venue and the facilities: the room, the seating plan, the equipment, etc.

c) Plan the content and structure, but don’t write the complete text of the presentation.

d) Write notes on sheets of paper, not on cards.

e) Try to memorize the first five sentences of your talk.

f) Prepare visual aids: pictures, diagrams, etc.

g) Rehearse your presentation (practise it so that it becomes very familiar) with friends or colleagues.

h) At the beginning introduce yourself and your subject.

i) Outline what you’re going to talk about: describe the different sections of your talk.

j) Say whether people should ask questions during the talk, or at the end.

Here are reasons for the advice given in the task above. Match each reason (1-10) to a piece of advice (a-j).

1. If you drop the cards on the floor, you’re in trouble.

2. It could sound monotonous and boring if you speak from a complete, prepared text.

3. It will help you adjust the content of your talk so that it is suitable, for example not too easy or difficult.

4. It will help you to keep control, and avoid people interrupting if you don’t want them to.

5. It will help your audience follow the logic of what you’re going to say.

6. It will make you feel more at ease at the beginning, when you may be nervous.

7. It will reassure people that they are in the right place, and provide a focus for the beginning of your talk.

8. They add visual interest, provide you with support and help the audience follow you.

9. You can ask for changes in the seating plan if necessary.

10. They will be able to tell you if anything is unclear before the presentation.