Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)

ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU‑T/ITU‑R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found.

Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en)
Series	Title
BO	Satellite delivery
BR	Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television
BS	Broadcasting service (sound)
BT	Broadcasting service (television)
F	Fixed service
M	Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services
P	Radiowave propagation
RA	Radio astronomy
RS	Remote sensing systems
S	Fixed-satellite service
SA	Space applications and meteorology
SF	Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems
SM	Spectrum management
SNG	Satellite news gathering
TF	Time signals and frequency standards emissions
V	Vocabulary and related subjects

Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1.

Electronic Publication

Geneva, 2014

ã ITU 2014

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU.

RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.2001-1

A general purpose wide-range terrestrial propagation model
in the frequency range 30 MHz to 50 GHz

(2012-2013)

Scope

This Recommendation contains a general purpose wide-range model for terrestrial propagation which predicts path loss due to both signal enhancements and fading over effectively the range from 0% to 100% of an average year. This makes the model particularly suitable for Monte-Carlo methods, and studies in which it is desirable to use the same propagation model, with no discontinuities in its output, for signals which may be either wanted or potentially interfering. The model covers the frequency range from 30 MHz to 50 GHz, and distances from 3 km to at least 1 000 km.

The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly,

considering

a) that to support efficient use of the radio spectrum there is a need for sharing studies in which the variability of both wanted and potentially interfering signal levels should be taken into account;

b) that to plan high-performance radio systems the prediction of signal-level variability must include the small-probability tails of both fading and enhancement distributions;

c) that Monte-Carlo simulations are useful for spectrum-planning purposes,

noting

a) that Recommendation ITU-R P.528 provides guidance on the prediction of point-to-area path loss for the aeronautical mobile service for the frequency range 125 MHz to 30 GHz and the distance range up to 1 800 km;

b) that Recommendation ITU-R P.452 provides guidance on the detailed evaluation of microwave interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above about 0.7 GHz;

c) that Recommendation ITU-R P.617 provides guidance on the prediction of point-to-point path loss for trans-horizon radio-relay systems for the frequency range above 30 MHz and for the distance range 100 to 1 000 km;

d) that Recommendation ITU-R P.1411 provides guidance on prediction for short-range (up to 1 km) outdoor services;

e) that Recommendation ITU-R P.530 provides guidance on the prediction of point-to-point path loss for terrestrial line-of-sight systems;

f) that Recommendation ITU-R P.1546 provides guidance on the prediction of point-to-area field strengths in the VHF and UHF bands based principally on statistical analyses of experimental data;

g) that Recommendation ITU-R P.1812 provides guidance on the prediction of point-to-area field strengths in the VHF and UHF bands based principally on deterministic method;

h)that Recommendation ITU-R P.844 summarizes modes of long range propagation paths that may also occur at VHF via the ionosphere,

recommends

that the procedure given in the Annex be used for sharing studies over the full range of signal variability, including the small-probability tails for fading and enhancement, and for Monte-Carlo simulations.

Annex

Wide-range propagation model

Description of the calculation method

Introduction

This Recommendation describes a radio-wave propagation method for terrestrial paths. It has a wide range of applicability in frequency, distance, and percentage time. In particular, it predicts both fading and enhancements of signal level. It is thus particularly suitable for Monte-Carlo simulations.

Appendix J describes the structure of the model, and in particular how results representing different propagation mechanisms are combined.

Applicability

The range of applicability is as follows:

Frequency: 30 MHz to 50 GHz.

Distance: The model is believed to be most accurate from about 3 km to 1 000 km. At shorter distances, the effect of clutter (buildings, trees, etc.) will tend to dominate unless the antenna heights are high enough to given an unobstructed path. There is no specific lower limit, although the path length must be greater than zero. A prediction of basic transmission loss less than 20 dB should be considered unreliable. Similarly, there is no specific maximum distance.

Percentage time: The method predicts the basic transmission loss not exceeded for a given percentage of an average year. Any percentage time can be used as an input to the model in the range 0% to 100%. This is limited in a progressive manner within the method such that the time used in the model varies from 0.00001% to 99.99999%. This internal limitation has no significant effect from 0.001% to 99.999% time.