Find the following expressions in the text and explain their meaning.
resort to strain theory, segregated from the rest of the society, take solace in the knowledge, is engendered in, sustaining the shared identity, dispersal of the population to the suburbs, growing affluence, give rise to project crime, an epitome of cool, white-collar crime, violations of trust, in the fit of insanity, making amends, be overcome by greed and temptation.
Match the words with their definitions.
| 1. drift 2. injunction 3. inhibit 4. alter 5. locale 6. law-abiding 7. petty 8. brutal 9. deviance 10. concept 11. refute 12. impel | a. the place where something happens b. change c. small, unimportant d. a slow and gradual change e. make difficult f. force to do something g. behavior different from the norm h. extremely violent i. to prove a statement is wrong j. an idea of something existing k. an order from someone in command l. obeying the rules of the society |
4. Answer the questions.
● What do you think the essence of strain theory might be?
● Why do researchers take solace in the knowledge that crime is engendered in the underprivileged world? What is the implication of this statement?
● Why has the underworld been altered?
● How has crime character changed?
● What is project crime?
● What is white-collar crime? Why does any mentioning of it cause many researches’ vehement reaction?
5. Speak about roots of crime in our country. Are they absolutely similar to those mentioned in the article?
C. Vocabulary in Focus
Choose the correct answer.
1. He was charged with a ……... of currency regulations.
a. break b. breach c. disrespect d. observance
2. Our insurance policy offers………. against the risk of burglary, accident or damage by fire.
a. care b. cover c. relief d. security
3. He was arrested for trying to pass ………notes at the bank.
a. camouflaged b. counterfeit c. fake d. fraudulent
4. Smugglers consistently ……… import regulations.
a. break b. flaunt c. float d. flout
5. Mr. Black was ………. twenty pounds for drinking and driving.
a. charged b. fined c. ordered d. penalized
6. If the terrorists are not sent to prison, there will be a public …….
a. attack b. onslaught c. outcry d. recrimination
7. The judge recommended more human forms of punishment for juvenile ………
a. convicts b. delinquents c. sinners d. villains
8. Mr. Syere was charged with ……… the funds of the organization.
a. misappropriating b. mislaying c. mistaking d. misplacing
9. The girl was arrested for shoplifting but she got off the ……… by explaining that she was mentally ill.
a. case b. suspicion c. hook d. rope
10. Tom was dropped from the golf club because he failed to ………. by the rules.
a. abide b. comply c. behave d. obey
D. Listening and Watching
² Watch multimedia program 1753 and be ready to discuss them.
E. Creative Consolidation
Make a synthetic review of the information in the article and multimedia program, supporting it with relevant data from Russian sources.
2. Some researchers today contend that films provide criminals with ready–made plans for project crime. Write an essay on the influence of mass media stimulating violence and crime.
Project-making
Develop one of the following issues. Devise practical steps.
Possible ways of criminals’ rehabilitation.
The necessity of medical rehabilitation for those involved in white-collar crime.
The demand for more severe punishment for those involved in white-collar crime as it should be regarded as the most heinous infringement of law, involving violation of trust.
The involvement of businesses in prevention juvenile crime.
Raise the Issue
➢ The problem of drug abuse has become extremely topical worldwide. No country or stratum of society is immune from its malicious effects. Why has it happened?
A. Words in Context
1. Tick the word closest in meaning to that of the each boldfaced word. Use the context of the sentences to help you figure out each word’s meaning.
attrition (n)Colleges and Universities try not to have
a high rate of attrition. They want students to stay until graduation rather than drop out early.
Attrition means a. an increase in number b. ill health
c. a natural loss of individuals
contend (v)John contended that smoking hadn’t hurt his health, but right after making that claim, he had a fit of coughing that lasted ten minutes.
Contend means a. conceal b. realize c. declare
eradicate (v)Joyce and Steven’s adopted son was
abused in an earlier home. They’re working hard to eradicate the lingering[12] effects on him of that experience.
Eradicate means a. reveal b. regulate strictly c. erase
exhort (v)On the eve of the decisive battle, the
general exhorted the troops to fight bravely for their homeland.
Exhort means a. accuse b. praise c. urge
impede (v)Muddy roads impeded the progress of
trucks bringing food to the refugees.
Impede means a. oppress b. hinder c. include
inundate (v)After his brief announcement, the
President was inundated with questions from reporters.
Inundate means a. flood b. strengthen c. go around
germane (adj)Stacy visited certain internet sites to find information germane to the topic of her scientific thesis.
Germane means a. damaging b. related c. foreign
mandatory (adj)A new accounting system will soon
become mandatory for all departments.
Mandatory means a. delayed b. binding c. optional
panacea (n)Ravi thinks his trouble would be over if
he just had a lot of money. But money isn’t a panacea; it wouldn’t solve all his problems.
Panacea means a belief b. a basic necessity
c. a universal remedy
perfunctory (adj)Most of the candidates were passionate
on the subject of nuclear weapons, but one spoke in a very perfunctory way, apparently bored with the topic.
Perfunctory means a. uninterested b. enthusiastic c. exaggerated
recourse (n)“Unless you pay your bill,” the company threatened, “we’ll have no recourse but to sue you”.
Recourse means a. a way out b. a problem c. a question
stringent (adj)Professor Jasper has the most stringent
standards in the department. Passing her course is difficult; getting an A is next to impossible.
Stringent means a. different b. flexible c. demanding