Task 2. Read the following model and circle the linking words. Then underline the examples given to support each point raised

Task 1. Прочитайте предложения, подчеркните вводные слова и определите их функцию , т.е. с какой целью они употреблены в предложении. (см. Таблица “Linking Devices”). Замените вводные слова. Как при этом поменялся смысл высказывания?

1) Although killing the endangered species is illegal, people will not stop hunting them. Killing endangered species is illegal, yet people will not stop killing them etc.

2) According to the numbers published by the local law enforcement government department the rate of juvenile crime has considerably increased. Needless to say that the rate of juvenile crime has considerably increased etc.

3) With reference to the latest reports there is a considerable growth in consumer goods (товары широкого потребления) production. While there is a considerable growth in consumer goods production their there is still a demand for them. etc.

4) Needless to say, sport is an important part of today’s society. Sport makes us stronger and healthier, for this reason it has become an important part of today’s society. etc.

5) In my opinion testing on animals should not be banned. Some people argue that testing on animals should not be banned. etc.

6) As far as I know the problem of unemployment could be helped if the government created work programmes for young people. At any rate government should create work programmes for young people. etc.

6) On the other hand, much of what is shown on TV is unsuitable for younger children. In fact, much of what is shown on TV is unsuitable for younger children. etc.

7) Actually the advantages of computer are numerous. At first sight the advantages of computer are numerous. etc.

8) Apart from educating future generation we also need to put presser on people to recycle as much as possible. On the whole, young generation should be educated and pressure should be put on people to recycle as much as possible.

Plan : EXPRESSING OPINIONS

Introduction: State your opinion clearly without using too many personal opinion words.

Main body:

para. 2 Give the first point supporting your opinion.

para. 3 Give the second point supporting your opinion.

para. 4 Give the last point supporting your opinion.

Conclusion: Re-state your opinion, using different words.

Task 2. Read the following model and circle the linking words. Then underline the examples given to support each point raised.

Experiments on animals should be banned. Do you agree? Write a composition for your teacher.

The subject of animal testing is very controversial. In my opinion, animal testing should not be banned for a number of reasons.

The first reason for supporting animal testing is that many products must be tested on animals to ensure that they are safe for use by humans. For example, diabetics would not be able to inject insulin to control their diabetes had it not been developed by testing it on animals.

Moreover, the effects of certain chemicals such as insecticides can be observed on animals and their offspring and results are achieved faster since animals have a shorter life span than humans and the ability to multiply easily.

The final and most important point in favour of animal testing is that it is aimed at finding cures for diseases such as cancer. Most of these tests cannot be done in any other way.

Forty years ago polio was a common calamity amongst children. Animal testing led to the discovery of a vaccine and now this disease is very rare in developed countries. While some animals undoubtedly suffer, the end justifies the means.

Contrary to popular belief, laboratory animals are not ill-treated and their suffering is kept to a minimum. As already stated, I am in favour of animal testing, provided that it is conducted under strict conditions and that there is no alternative.

After stating the problem and why it arose, mention that there are also several possible solutions. Discuss each suggestion in turn and include any expected results or consequences. Use the concluding paragraph to decide which option will give the best results and explain why this is the case.