Preschool Educational Institutions

The Rights of the Child

Eglantine Jebb, the founder of the Save the Children Fund drafted the Rights of the Child in 1923. It was revised in 1948 by the present Declaration of the Rights of the Child commonly known as the Declaration of Geneva.

These principles form the basis of our work and the Charter of the Save the Children Fund.

1. The child must be protected beyond and above all consideration of race, nationality or creed.

2. The child must be cared for with due respect for the family as an entity.

3. The child must be given the means, requisite for its normal development , materially, morally and spiritually.

4. The child that is mentally or physically handicapped must be helped, the maladjusted child must be re-educated, the orphan and the waif must be sheltered and succoured.

5. The child must be the first to receive relief in time of distress.

6. The child must enjoy the full benefits provided by social welfare and social security schemes, must receive a training which will enable it, at the right time, to earn a livelihood, and must be protected against every form of exploitation.

7. The child must be brought up in the consciousness that its talents must be developed to the service of its fellow men.

(From: Child Need a Future by Harry Undy)

Painting

When children first start painting, they need to experiment with the feel of the paint and the way it behaves. The child may just make a few tentative marks on the painting surface or cover it completely in a single color. You will have to judge carefully how much help to give. If she is happy with what she is doing, let her carry on. The “doing” is the important part, so don’t look for results at first.

For the painting session to work, you both need to be relaxed. Get organized before you start so that you do not have to worry about the mess painting will make. It can take half an hour to get everything ready and as long to clear up again so try to ensure the child doesn’t lose interest in painting after only a few minutes by having some suggestions ready. For example, she could start by covering the paper with blobs of color, then do some stripes before moving on to painting objects such as people or horses.

Preschool Educational Institutions

Educational institutions foe preschool education in Britain include crèches, playgroups, and nursery schools. A nursery school is a school for children aged between 2 and 5. Children are not required by law to go to nursery school, and may go instead to other groups such as playgroups or crèches. A playgroup or a playschool is a place where children who are below school age go regularly to play together and to learn through playing. A crèche is a place where babies and small children are taken care of while their parents are working, studying or shopping. Educational institutions of preschool education in the USA include nursery schools and kindergartens. Children from 3 to 5 years old attend nursery school, an optional school where children play together and learn to socialize. Children from 5 to 6 years old are to attend kindergarten, which is compulsory and is considered a part of elementary education. Kindergartens in the US prepare young children for elementary school and develop basic skills and social behavior by games, exercises, music, and simple handicrafts. Creches as educational institutions for preschool education are attended by children not only in French-speaking countries but also in such places as Scandinavia, Poland, Russia and Israel. In Italy, a child goes from the nursery school directly to the primary school. In Germany, in addition to the kindergarten, there is the school kindergarten, which is for children of school age who are not considered sufficiently mature, and which therefore serves as a kind of preparatory school for primary school.

Complete the following sentences

1. Educational institutions for preschool education in Britain include …

2. A nursery school in Britain is …

3. British children are not required by law to go to…

4. Instead of going to nursery schools, British children may go to …

5. A playgroup in Britain is…

6. A creche in Britain is…

7. Educational institutions for preschool education in the US include …

8. American children from 3 to 5 years old attend…

9. American nursery schools are … schools.

10. American children play together and learn to socialize in …

11. American children from 5 to 6 years old are to attend …