Useful to know. A Root is a word in its first and simplest form
Derivations
A Root is a word in its first and simplest form. A word may be built up or have its meaning changed by an addition at either end. The addition at the beginning is known as a Prefix, e.g. dis-agree. The addition at the end is known as a Suffix, e.g. paint-er.
Word Meaning Examples
aqua water aquatic, aqueduct
audio I hear audible, audience, audit
centum a hundred centenarian, century
clamo I shout clamour, proclaim, exclaim
creo create creation, creature
dico I say edict, dictation, verdict
finis an end final, infinite
fortis strong fort, fortify
homo a man homicide, human
liber free liberal, liberty
octo eight octagon, octave, October
planus level plain, plan, plane
unus one unit, unity, union
vanus empty vanish, vanity
Exercise 21. Read the words paying attention to the prefix and suffixes they were built with. Find two more examples on each prefix and suffix.
PREFIXES
Prefix Meaning Examples
a- on afloat, ashore, aloft
a-; ab-,abs- away, from avert, absolve, abstract
ad-, ac-, ar- to adhere, accept, arrive
ante before antecedent, anteroom
bi-, bis- two, twice bicycle, biped, biscuit, bisect
circum- round circumference, circuit
com- together comparison, competition
contra- against contrary, contraband, contradiction
de- down depress, descend, describe
dif-, dis- apart, not different, disagree, disappear
fore- before forecast, forenoon, foretell, foresee
ex- out of exhale, export, extract
im-, in- in, into import, include
in- not incapable, inhuman
inter- between international, interrupt, interval
mis- wrong misdeed, misjudge, mistake
ob- against object, obstruction
post- after postpone, postscript, post-war
pre- before predict, prepare, pre-war
pro- forth proceed, produce
re- back retake, return, retrace
sub- under submarine, subway
trans- across transfer, transport, transpose
un- not, without unfit, unknown, unpaid, unsafe
vice- instead vice-captain, viceroy
SUFFIXES
Suffix Meaning Examples
-able, -ible capable of being movable, eatable, incredible
-ance, -ence state of repentance, existence
-ant one who assistant, servant
-ory a place for dormitory, factory
-er, -eer, -ier one who baker, engineer, furrier
-el, -et, -ette little satchel, locket, cigarette
-ess the female goddess, princess, waitress
-fy to make glorify, purify
-icle, -sel little particle, morsel
-oon,-on large saloon, flagon
-ock little hillock, buttock
-ous full of famous, glorious, momentous
Exercise 22. Find more suffixes and make the table dividing those according different parts of speech.
Section 3