A good newspaper is a nation talking to itself

The Positive and Negative Effects of the Internet

The internet is so popular nowadays that almost anyone uses it. It is accessible by almost any person who tries to connect to one of its central, main networks. Moreover, it can be accessed by users of any age and condition. But what are the positives and negatives aspects of the internet?

The Internet has some great positive effects.Internet search engines are the best information retrieval systems available. They bring any kind of information for internet users, from local restaurants to international news. the Internet provides some of the most effective means of communication among people, including online emailing and instant messaging.The Internet makes possible for business and companies to do transactions with their clients and customers.The internet has allowed the interchange of ideas and materials among scientists, university professors, and students, in addition to provide servers, resource centers and online tools for their research and scholar activities. Moreover, million of books, journals and other material are available through the internet.This action enables people to learn all new sort of things. Sometimes, the internet can have negative effects, including:Illegal or inappropriate materials can be found in the internet.The addiction to online social networks can disturb a person's way of living and professional activity. Some criminals use the internet for spreading computer viruses or even intercepting credit card or bank details for spurious purposes.

A good newspaper is a nation talking to itself

In order for newspapers to survive, the context of the articles must be intriguing, relevant, and easy for its readers to understand, but of course not too easy. “A good newspaper, I suppose, is a nation talking to itself.” Arthur Miller. The authors of articles in a good newspaper must be able to dig deep into the minds of his/her audience and create an article that will satisfy the thoughts of the readers. A good newspaper cannot just simply state facts and statistics, but it must provide claims, arguments, and opinions. Readers want to comprehend and be able to formulate judgments. The only way to ensure a newspaper with offer this is by structuring the newspaper like a well-organized extended conversation. The New York Times Sunday Review section is the perfect example of this conversation type of organization. In one paper written during election week, three different articles on the same page of the Sunday Review were about abortion. This structure was genius. Not only were the articles written to correlate with the different opinions of each presidential candidate but also each article pinpointed all sides to the pro-choice/pro-life debate. This well-planned arrangement was extremely effective in getting the audience involved and aware. This structure is a great example of how a good newspaper allows “…a nation talking to itself.” One of the best, most effective sections of the New York Times is the Letters to the Editor section. What better way to show real attitudes and thoughts of the people in the nation.

22. Quality tv/radio programmesThe media play a central role in Britain’s daily life, informing and educating, questioning and challenging – and of course – entertaining. In recent years the availability of more radio frequencies, together with satellite, cable and microwave transmissions, has already made a greater number of local, national and international services possible. Broadcasting in Britain has traditionally been based on the principle that it is a public service accountable to people. While retaining the essential public service element, it now also embraces the principles of competition and choice:-the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), which broadcasts television and radio programmes; -the ITC (Independent Television Commission), which licenses and regulates commercial television services, including cable and satellite services.-the Radio Authority, which licenses and regulates commercial radio services, including cable and satellite. when I ride in a car on a long journey I turn on the radio, leave it on and goabout my household duties. So I am actually doing two things at one and the same time. The best radio station for me is Europa Plus and Radio Maximum. Television viewing is by far in the world most popular leisure pastime: over 97 per cent of households have at least one TV set. First private stations in Kazakhstan appeared in 1990 these are KTK in Almaty. Until 1996 local non-state television and radio stations appeared in every large city of Kazakhstan. there were 50 television and 30 radio stations in Kazakhstan. In Kazakhstan people can choose among lots of channels. Some of them are commercial: they are Kazakhstan. Habar. el-arna. Astana,31 channel and etc. There is a special channel broadcasting lots of sports events such as championships, competitions, races, games and interviews with sportsmen and sportswomen.As a rule, adults prefer to watch news. This is broadcast, shown at regular intervals at the main channels and both national and international current events are discussed at panel discussions. As for programmes for children, on KZ TV we have a special channel, called “Balapan”, where educational programmes, animated cartoons and films are on all through the day. We can call some TV programmes really informative and entertaining. Among them there are “KVN”, “What? Where? When” and others. But at the same time a large part of TV shows and films produces a negative effect on spectators, especially on teenagers, who like to spend a lot of time in front TV. Scenes of violence and crime presented in thrillers, horror and detective films mostly of foreign production can inflict damage on a child’s mind, and we should never forget about it.

13. Traditions and holidays in KZ.

Kazakhs have always revered and highly valued their national holidays and traditions. It is almost impossible to describe all the traditions followed by Kazakh people in one article, thus a brief introduction to Kazakh beliefs and customs is given below. The main tradition of Kazakhs, which eventually transformed into a feature of national character, is hospitality. In the Kazakh society. which says “Meet a guest as the God's messenger”. Each traveller knew that he or she would be welcomed anywhere in the Kazakh land.Respect for the elderly is another positive feature of Kazakhs.Baygazy - a tradition of giving a gift to a person, who acquired a new valuable thing. Asar - a family, which has to perform an urgent and sometimes a hard work, has a right to ask relatives, friends and neighbours for assistance. At the end of the work, a rich table is laid as a gratitude for those, who helped.There are several special holidays in Kazakhstan related to the history of the country. The national holiday in the Republic of Kazakhstan is The Independence Day on 16 December. 9 May, Victory Day-The public holiday of Kazakhstan celebrated since the Soviet times. It is celebrated in honour of the Soviet victory over Hitler’s Germany in the Great Patriotic War. The holiday is filled in with deep patriotic sense. This day people remember those soldiers and officers who died. In Kazakhstan spring arrives fully on 21 March – on the special day Nauryz. Nauryz in Kazakhstan symbolizes fertility, friendship and love. On this special day people dress up, visit close people and keep wishing well.Even the name of the holiday “Nauryz” is translated from Farsi as “new day”. On Nauryz it is a must to have a traditional festive dish nauryz-koje on the table. Nauryz-koje is a nutritional rich soup that is cooked from 7 ingredients: meat, water, flour, butter, millet, salt and milk. Each component of the dish symbolizes one of the seven life beginnings: growth, luck, happiness, wealth, health, wisdom and sky auspices.The number 7 has its special meaning in celebrating Nauryz. the feast cannot be without national contests among which is national wrestling "kazaksha-gures", logic game called "toguz kumalak" and of course horse games "kyz-kuu" and "bayga". Theatrical staged performances are played in the streets. Another old Nauryz tradition is "altybakan", where girls and boys gather together to socialize and ride on the swings.30 August, Constitution Day of Kazakhstan. This day is celebrated in honour of the Basic Law of the country adopted in 1995 at the national referendum. In accordance with this document, Kazakhstan declares itself a democratic, temporal, legal and social state.

14.British Traditions and CustomsBritish nation is considered to be the most conservative in Europe. It is not a secret that every nation and every country has its own customs and traditions. In Great Britain people attach greater importance to traditions and customs than in other European countries. Englishmen are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. The best examples are their queen, money system, their weights and measures. There are many customs and some of them are very old. There is, for example, the Marble Championship, where the British Champion is crowned; he wins a silver cup known among folk dancers as Morris Dancing. Morris Dancing is an event where people, worn in beautiful clothes with ribbons and bells, dance with handkerchiefs or big sticks in their hands, while traditional music- sounds. Another example is the Boat Race, which takes place on the river Thames, often on Easter Sunday. A boat with a team from Oxford University and one with a team from Cambridge University hold a race. British people think that the Grand National horse race is the most exciting horse race in the world. It takes place near Liverpool every year. Sometimes it happens the same day as the Boat Race takes place, sometimes a week later. Amateur riders as well as professional jockeys can participate. It is a very famous event. There are many celebrations in May, especially in the countryside.Halloween is a day on which many children dress up in unusual costumes. In fact, this holiday has a Celtic origin. The day was originally called All Halloween's Eve, because it happens on October 31, the eve of all Saint's Day. The name was later shortened to Halloween. The Celts celebrated the coming of New Year on that day.Another tradition is the holiday called Bonfire Night. On November 5 a man called Guy Fawkes planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament where the king James 1st was to open Parliament on that day. But Guy Fawkes was unable to realize his plan and was caught and later, hanged. The British still remember that Guy Fawkes' Night. It is another name for this holiday. This day one can see children with figures, made of sacks and straw and dressed in old clothes. On November 5th, children put their figures on the bonfire, burn them, and light their fireworks. In the end of the year, there is the most famous New Year celebration. In London, many people go to Trafalgar Square on New Year's Eve. There is singing and dancing at 12 o'clock on December 31st. A popular Scottish event is the Edinburgh Festival of music and drama, which takes place every year.